基于MVC模式的在线考试系统的研究与实现
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摘要
相比传统的考试方式,在线考试系统极大地提高了教学的灵活性,能把老师从繁重的工作中解脱出来,在各类考试中发挥高效、便捷的作用。
本系统采用MVC设计模式,以Eclipse为开发平台,采用JSP设计模式Ⅱ来进行设计的,清晰的划分了应用的不同职责,提高了应用程序的灵活性和可配置性。
在线考试系统的实现的前期准备工作为试题库的建设、考生信息生成、系统平台的架构,数据库的建立和连接等工作。考生参加考试时,利用合法的身份登录,抽取试题后,就可以在线答题,而智能组卷在系统实施的过程中是尤为重要的一项技术,它保证考生试卷不雷同,难度、知识点分配合理,做到考试的公平,公正。
本系统分为“在线考试子系统”、“在线考试后台管理子系统”两大模块。在“在线考试子系统”中,考生可以进行登录、参加考试、查询成绩等操作;在“在线考试后台管理子系统”则是提供给系统的管理员进行操作的,在这里,管理员可以进行题库管理、学生信息管理、试卷管理的生成、试卷的分发、试试卷评分、及成绩查询等操作。
With the continual development and popularity of computer technology and network technology, the application of computer examinations is more and more widely used, and more and more types and forms of examinations are adopted. Distance learning and testing online is becoming one of the network research and application hotspots. The technique has already grown vigorously in our country and has become a powerful supplement to modern education. The technique is suitable for individuation learning. Online Examination is an entirely new revolution that can finish examination work on the condition of information technology. The research, extension and application on Online Examination System can reveal local defects of students’knowledge and ability in time and collect statistics on students’grasp of certain knowledge and therefore help teachers analyze the weak links in teaching process. The research, extension and application on Online Examination System is direct at teaching and learning even more and can teach according to the student's ability better and improve the quality of students allsidedly and thus improve the teaching level of schools. It also makes teachers collect test questions effectively in their daily life. When it’s time to compile and mark examination papers, the computer will do the work. As a result, it relieves teachers of bald and taxing work and relieves students of boundless“question sea.”Therefore, it reduces teachers’intensity of labour and makes the examination more scientific and makes the statistics more valuable. To push forward the reform of assessment methods and to modernize assessment means can ensure high efficiency, scientificity and fairness and realize the modernization of teaching management.
Online Exam System greatly improves the flexibility of teaching and plays a highly efficient and convenient and fast part in all kinds of examinations and has been widely used in many fields. The paper proposes to do research on MVC Mode-Based Online Exam System.
MVC is a widely-used software design mode invented by Xerox PARC in the 1980s for programming language Smalltalk-80. It stands for Model, View, Controller and it is the mode developed by application which includes 3 kinds of objects: 1. Model object used for indicating business data and business logic; 2. View object used for showing business data that users are interested in and can receive users’incoming data and update events of business data sent by models, so it can update the user interface synchronously ; 3. Control object is used for receiving user input and transferring model and view to finish the request of users.
The system adopts JSP Design ModeⅡ(JSP+Servlet+JavaBean)to design. Among them, JSP matches along with View in MVC. Servlet matches along with Control in MVC. JavaBean matches along with Model in MVC. The model divides clearly the different responsibilities in the application and improves flexibility and configurability of application program.
The first two chapters of the paper introduce simply and usefully the developmental pattern of computers, the demand analysis of the system and the characteristics of MVC Mode. The third and fourth chapter are the key points of research design of system functions.The main funtions of the system includes:examinees’registration, logging in, taking part in online exams, administrators’logging test questions, modification, deleting, inquirying results, application program of Java/JSP of management users. It has openness, conveniences and flexibility.
The Examination System consists of examination managerial subsystem and administrator back-stage management subsystem. The functions of the subsystem are as follows:
1. Examination Managerial Subsystem
The module includes three submodules:“Examinees’Registration”,“Taking Part in the Examinattion”and“Inquirying Results”. After the examinees verify the identities and log in, they choose the subject of examination, and answer questions within the time stipulated.When it comes to the the time stipulated, the system will give directions automatically. Once the examinees finish the examination and submit the paper, they can see their results at once and their results will be stored for examination and verification.
2. Administrator Back-stage Management Subsystem
The module includes five submodules:“Man Management”,“Test Questions Bank”,“Examination Paper Management”,“Examination Management”and“Other Management”.The administrator not only adds, modifies and inquiries examination questions, but also appends new subjects and builds corresponding data; The module also allows users to choose the subject of examination according to their own needs. Furthermore, the computers will extract at random all kinds of examination questions in the test question bank and form various examination papers limberly and freely.The contents of the examination papers will vary from question to question in the test question bank. Moreover, the questions generated for different examinees are different.
The way for forming examination papers of the test system is one of the key points of the test system design. The administrator let the system extract test questions at random automatically and form examination papers according to parameters like knowledge points, difficulty, quantity of test questions that are set by the test requirement. This method can reduce the chances of students’cheating in the exam to the maximum extent. However, the fairness of the test lies in the reasonableness of the test questions extracted. The system supports two kind of methods from the way for choosing test questions: one is that the teacher choose the test questions from the test questions bank through interface for choosing questions, the other is to choose questions at random according to parameters of forming examination papers. In this way, we can get the result of intelligence examination papers.
The system makes use of the intelligence searching algorithm: inheritance algorithm is used for forming intelligence examination papers.That is, the process of extracting test questions from the test question bank according to the condition of forming examination papers that the users set. The constraint condition of forming examination papers includes : the total score of the examination paper, the quantity of all kinds of test items, the fraction proportion of different knowledge points, the fraction proportion of difficulty grade.
The fifth chapter of the paper introduces the realization of the functions of the system. The last chaper illustrates the security and the characteristics of the system and the outlook
本系统采用MVC设计模式,以Eclipse为开发平台,采用JSP设计模式Ⅱ来进行设计的,清晰的划分了应用的不同职责,提高了应用程序的灵活性和可配置性。
在线考试系统的实现的前期准备工作为试题库的建设、考生信息生成、系统平台的架构,数据库的建立和连接等工作。考生参加考试时,利用合法的身份登录,抽取试题后,就可以在线答题,而智能组卷在系统实施的过程中是尤为重要的一项技术,它保证考生试卷不雷同,难度、知识点分配合理,做到考试的公平,公正。
本系统分为“在线考试子系统”、“在线考试后台管理子系统”两大模块。在“在线考试子系统”中,考生可以进行登录、参加考试、查询成绩等操作;在“在线考试后台管理子系统”则是提供给系统的管理员进行操作的,在这里,管理员可以进行题库管理、学生信息管理、试卷管理的生成、试卷的分发、试试卷评分、及成绩查询等操作。
With the continual development and popularity of computer technology and network technology, the application of computer examinations is more and more widely used, and more and more types and forms of examinations are adopted. Distance learning and testing online is becoming one of the network research and application hotspots. The technique has already grown vigorously in our country and has become a powerful supplement to modern education. The technique is suitable for individuation learning. Online Examination is an entirely new revolution that can finish examination work on the condition of information technology. The research, extension and application on Online Examination System can reveal local defects of students’knowledge and ability in time and collect statistics on students’grasp of certain knowledge and therefore help teachers analyze the weak links in teaching process. The research, extension and application on Online Examination System is direct at teaching and learning even more and can teach according to the student's ability better and improve the quality of students allsidedly and thus improve the teaching level of schools. It also makes teachers collect test questions effectively in their daily life. When it’s time to compile and mark examination papers, the computer will do the work. As a result, it relieves teachers of bald and taxing work and relieves students of boundless“question sea.”Therefore, it reduces teachers’intensity of labour and makes the examination more scientific and makes the statistics more valuable. To push forward the reform of assessment methods and to modernize assessment means can ensure high efficiency, scientificity and fairness and realize the modernization of teaching management.
Online Exam System greatly improves the flexibility of teaching and plays a highly efficient and convenient and fast part in all kinds of examinations and has been widely used in many fields. The paper proposes to do research on MVC Mode-Based Online Exam System.
MVC is a widely-used software design mode invented by Xerox PARC in the 1980s for programming language Smalltalk-80. It stands for Model, View, Controller and it is the mode developed by application which includes 3 kinds of objects: 1. Model object used for indicating business data and business logic; 2. View object used for showing business data that users are interested in and can receive users’incoming data and update events of business data sent by models, so it can update the user interface synchronously ; 3. Control object is used for receiving user input and transferring model and view to finish the request of users.
The system adopts JSP Design ModeⅡ(JSP+Servlet+JavaBean)to design. Among them, JSP matches along with View in MVC. Servlet matches along with Control in MVC. JavaBean matches along with Model in MVC. The model divides clearly the different responsibilities in the application and improves flexibility and configurability of application program.
The first two chapters of the paper introduce simply and usefully the developmental pattern of computers, the demand analysis of the system and the characteristics of MVC Mode. The third and fourth chapter are the key points of research design of system functions.The main funtions of the system includes:examinees’registration, logging in, taking part in online exams, administrators’logging test questions, modification, deleting, inquirying results, application program of Java/JSP of management users. It has openness, conveniences and flexibility.
The Examination System consists of examination managerial subsystem and administrator back-stage management subsystem. The functions of the subsystem are as follows:
1. Examination Managerial Subsystem
The module includes three submodules:“Examinees’Registration”,“Taking Part in the Examinattion”and“Inquirying Results”. After the examinees verify the identities and log in, they choose the subject of examination, and answer questions within the time stipulated.When it comes to the the time stipulated, the system will give directions automatically. Once the examinees finish the examination and submit the paper, they can see their results at once and their results will be stored for examination and verification.
2. Administrator Back-stage Management Subsystem
The module includes five submodules:“Man Management”,“Test Questions Bank”,“Examination Paper Management”,“Examination Management”and“Other Management”.The administrator not only adds, modifies and inquiries examination questions, but also appends new subjects and builds corresponding data; The module also allows users to choose the subject of examination according to their own needs. Furthermore, the computers will extract at random all kinds of examination questions in the test question bank and form various examination papers limberly and freely.The contents of the examination papers will vary from question to question in the test question bank. Moreover, the questions generated for different examinees are different.
The way for forming examination papers of the test system is one of the key points of the test system design. The administrator let the system extract test questions at random automatically and form examination papers according to parameters like knowledge points, difficulty, quantity of test questions that are set by the test requirement. This method can reduce the chances of students’cheating in the exam to the maximum extent. However, the fairness of the test lies in the reasonableness of the test questions extracted. The system supports two kind of methods from the way for choosing test questions: one is that the teacher choose the test questions from the test questions bank through interface for choosing questions, the other is to choose questions at random according to parameters of forming examination papers. In this way, we can get the result of intelligence examination papers.
The system makes use of the intelligence searching algorithm: inheritance algorithm is used for forming intelligence examination papers.That is, the process of extracting test questions from the test question bank according to the condition of forming examination papers that the users set. The constraint condition of forming examination papers includes : the total score of the examination paper, the quantity of all kinds of test items, the fraction proportion of different knowledge points, the fraction proportion of difficulty grade.
The fifth chapter of the paper introduces the realization of the functions of the system. The last chaper illustrates the security and the characteristics of the system and the outlook
引文
[1] [美] Christopher Allen ,Oracle Database 10g PL/SQL 入门教程,清华大学出版社,2005 年 11 月,105-126
[2] [美]舒尔第,Java2-The complete reference[M],北京,电子工业出版社.,2003年 1 月,53-68
[3] 求是科技,JAVA 信息管理系统开发实例导航,人民邮电出版社,2005 年 4月,170-173
[4] 邱哲等,Struts Web 设计与开发大全[M],北京,清华大学出版社,2006 年 8月,10-20
[5] 张洪伟,Tomcat Web 开发及整合应用[M],北京,清华大学出版社, 2006 年8 月,10-230
[6] 耿祥义,Java 基础教程[M],北京.清华大学出版社, 2004 年 9 月,58-96
[7] 高寅,系统分析之路[M],北京.电子工业出版社, 2005 年 5 月
[8] 范云之,基于 Web 数据库在线考试系统的设计与实现研究[J],商丘师范学院学报,第 22 卷第 5 期,2006 年 10 月
[9] 曹建主编, VBScript 与 JavaScript 实例教程(第一版),电子工业出版社, 2000年 11 月
[10] 王先国,JSP 动态网页编程技术,电子工业出版社,2007 年 7 月,188-249
[11] JAVA 开发利器—Tomcat Web 开发及整合应用 清华大学出版社 2006 年 2月
[12] JSP 项目开发实践 中国铁道出版社 2007 年 1 月
[13] JSP 数据库系统开发完全手册 人民邮电出版社 2006 年 3 月
[14] JSP 网络应用开发例学与实践 清华大学出版社 2006 年 1 月
[15] 高级 JAVA 编程 高等教育出版社 2005 年 4 月
[16] 曾朴, 杜中军 多层分布式系统的组件设计 现代计算机 2004 年 3 月
[17] David M.Kroenke,施伯乐等译,数据库处理基础设计与实现,电子工业出版社 http://jakarta.apache.org (Apache 软件 Jakarta 项目组官方网站)
[18] WEB 开发技术教程,中国电力出版社,2006 年 2 月
[19] http://java.sun.com(java 官方网站)
[20] 任爱华等,题库建设的目标及数学模型[J],山东师范大学报,1998 年 12 月
[21] 陈腾,《国土资源信息化》2006 年第 6 期,基于 JAVA 技术的数据共享平台构架研究
[22] 李晓著,SQL Sever2000 管理及应用系统开发[M] ,中国铁道出版社, 1999年 1 月,35-42
[23] [美]Ramesh Nagappan 等,Java Web Services 开发,清华大学出版社,2004年 1 月,137-165
[24] 李振捷,JSP 网站开发典型模块与实例精讲,电子工业出版社,2007 年 2 月,269-341
[25] 何克抗,建立题库的理论,全国 CBE 学会第七届学术会议论文集,国防科技大学出版社,1995 年 11 月
[26] 肖志辉、张祖荫,智能出卷系统的设计与实现,计算机工程与应用,2000 年10 月
[27] 陈晓东、王宏宇著,一种基于改进遗传算法的组卷算法,哈尔滨工业大学学报,2004 年 9 月,第 37 卷第 9 期
[28] 罗平、惠韶文, 基于 Web 的标准化考试系统的设计和实现[J],佛山科学技术学院学报,2000(3),0-32
[2] [美]舒尔第,Java2-The complete reference[M],北京,电子工业出版社.,2003年 1 月,53-68
[3] 求是科技,JAVA 信息管理系统开发实例导航,人民邮电出版社,2005 年 4月,170-173
[4] 邱哲等,Struts Web 设计与开发大全[M],北京,清华大学出版社,2006 年 8月,10-20
[5] 张洪伟,Tomcat Web 开发及整合应用[M],北京,清华大学出版社, 2006 年8 月,10-230
[6] 耿祥义,Java 基础教程[M],北京.清华大学出版社, 2004 年 9 月,58-96
[7] 高寅,系统分析之路[M],北京.电子工业出版社, 2005 年 5 月
[8] 范云之,基于 Web 数据库在线考试系统的设计与实现研究[J],商丘师范学院学报,第 22 卷第 5 期,2006 年 10 月
[9] 曹建主编, VBScript 与 JavaScript 实例教程(第一版),电子工业出版社, 2000年 11 月
[10] 王先国,JSP 动态网页编程技术,电子工业出版社,2007 年 7 月,188-249
[11] JAVA 开发利器—Tomcat Web 开发及整合应用 清华大学出版社 2006 年 2月
[12] JSP 项目开发实践 中国铁道出版社 2007 年 1 月
[13] JSP 数据库系统开发完全手册 人民邮电出版社 2006 年 3 月
[14] JSP 网络应用开发例学与实践 清华大学出版社 2006 年 1 月
[15] 高级 JAVA 编程 高等教育出版社 2005 年 4 月
[16] 曾朴, 杜中军 多层分布式系统的组件设计 现代计算机 2004 年 3 月
[17] David M.Kroenke,施伯乐等译,数据库处理基础设计与实现,电子工业出版社 http://jakarta.apache.org (Apache 软件 Jakarta 项目组官方网站)
[18] WEB 开发技术教程,中国电力出版社,2006 年 2 月
[19] http://java.sun.com(java 官方网站)
[20] 任爱华等,题库建设的目标及数学模型[J],山东师范大学报,1998 年 12 月
[21] 陈腾,《国土资源信息化》2006 年第 6 期,基于 JAVA 技术的数据共享平台构架研究
[22] 李晓著,SQL Sever2000 管理及应用系统开发[M] ,中国铁道出版社, 1999年 1 月,35-42
[23] [美]Ramesh Nagappan 等,Java Web Services 开发,清华大学出版社,2004年 1 月,137-165
[24] 李振捷,JSP 网站开发典型模块与实例精讲,电子工业出版社,2007 年 2 月,269-341
[25] 何克抗,建立题库的理论,全国 CBE 学会第七届学术会议论文集,国防科技大学出版社,1995 年 11 月
[26] 肖志辉、张祖荫,智能出卷系统的设计与实现,计算机工程与应用,2000 年10 月
[27] 陈晓东、王宏宇著,一种基于改进遗传算法的组卷算法,哈尔滨工业大学学报,2004 年 9 月,第 37 卷第 9 期
[28] 罗平、惠韶文, 基于 Web 的标准化考试系统的设计和实现[J],佛山科学技术学院学报,2000(3),0-32