小麦遗传型与生理型雄性不育机理的比较研究
摘要
小麦是世界第一大粮食作物,在我国为第二大粮食作物。大量研究表明,象水稻、玉米、油菜一样,小麦也具有明显的杂种优势,深入研究与开发利用是大幅度提高小麦产量的一条重要途径。小麦杂种优势利用途径主要有两种,一是:“三系法”,二是“化杀法”。此外,我国曾利用高温诱导小麦雄性不育也取得了一定的进展。由于利用“化杀法”,亲本可从常规品种中自由选择、组配,大大地提高了育种的效率,因此,近年来,“化杀法”发展很快,已成为小麦杂种优势利用的一条最可行途径。但化杀法能否走向生产的关键是需要有一种优良的化学杂交剂。SQ-1 是我国自行研制的具有自主知识产权的一种新型小麦杂交剂,杀雄效果彻底,对小麦无任何不良影响,能较好地替代进口化学杂交剂GENESIS,解决了制约我国以杀雄剂技术利用小麦杂种优势的瓶颈。
“三系法”,是利用核质互作雄性不育系生产杂交种,属于遗传型雄性不育;“化杀法”是利用化学药剂诱导雄性不育,属于生理型雄性不育。“高温杀雄”也属于生理型雄性不育。本研究是将遗传型雄性不育和生理型雄性不育相结合,在相同条件下进行比较研究,以期发现它们在败育过程中的异同点,旨在为生产实践提供理论与技术指导。经小麦遗传型雄性不育与生理型雄性不育花药、叶片过氧化物酶同工酶(POD),细胞色素氧化酶同工酶(COD),淀粉酶同工酶的比较研究;小麦遗传型和生理型雄性不育花药、叶片可溶性蛋白质的比较研究,获得下述结果:
1.经杀雄剂SQ-1 处理的材料及S 型不育系花药POD 和COD 酶带比对照酶带少且活性低,COD 的降低导致氧化磷酸化效率降低,从而减弱花药的呼吸速率和能量的形成,导致雄性不育的发生。而高温诱导雄性不育花药在二核期和三核期与对照表现出明显的差异:其花药POD、COD 比对照的酶带多且活性强,说明在高温这种逆境中其活性氧自由基含量高,发生剧烈的膜脂过氧化作用,并且COD 活性的增强,将导致IAA的氧化分解,影响小孢子正常发育所需营养物质的合成与运输,从而导致雄性不育的发生。
2.经杀雄剂SQ-1 和高温诱导的雄性不育材料花药淀粉酶表现较为一致,比对照明显增强;而S 型不育系其淀粉酶活性比对照低。推测S 型不育系中由于花药中淀粉酶的缺乏,导致花药发育过程中缺乏必要的营养物质而影响其正常的发育。
3.旗叶COD、POD 同工酶在各处理间基本无差异;但在淀粉酶中经杀雄剂SQ-1处理的材料1376 比对照少了两条带,而经杀雄剂SQ-1 处理的材料2611 却与对照相
wheat(Triticum aestivumL.) is the first leading cereal crop in the world, and the second leading cereal crop in china. A lot of research indicated that the wheat, as rice, maize and rape, has also obvious heterosis. The heterosis of wheat can be deeply explored and can be utilized to increase the yield per unit of area sown. Now there are two important methods used for producing hybrid wheat seed to utilize the heterosis of wheat. The first method is Cytoplasm Male Sterility System (CMSS). The second is Chemical Hybridizing Agent System (CHAS). In addition, we made progress in male-sterility induced by high temperature. The CHAS developed rapidly and had become a main way in the applying with producing in recent years. Because the male and female parent in CHAS can be selected freely and combined from the conventional wheat varieties as to increase the efficiency of hybrid breeding programs. However, the key of successful CHAS need a nice kind of Chemical Hybridizing. SQ-1 is a new kind of CHA with self-knowledge property in china. SQ-1 could induce above 95% male sterility and has no side-effect on growth and development in wheat, and could take place GENESIS which was developed by Monsanto company in USA and was regarded as a nice kind of CHA in the world, and resolve the restriction in Chemical Hybridizing Agent System (CHAS) in our country.
Cytoplasm Male Sterility System (CMSS) belong to hereditable male-sterility; Chemical Hybridizing Agent System (CHAS) belong to physiological male-sterility; male-sterility induced by high temperature also belong to physiological male-sterility. The article compared the difference between hereditable male-sterility and physiological male-sterility in same condition so that we know the mechanism of male-sterility and instruct production. The study include: a comparative study of anther and leaf isoenzyme which was POD, COD, amylase of male sterility induced by physiology and heredity type in wheat; a comparative study of dissoluble protein on anther and leaf of male sterility induced by physiology and heredity type in wheat. All results are as follows:
(1), The POD, COD activities which S-type male-sterile line and male sterility induced by CHA were lower than the contrast, and isoenzymes bands less than the contrast, the lower COD activity result in the falling of oxidative phosphorylation rate, and reduce the rate of
breath and the information of energy. Obvious difference between male sterility induced by high temperature and contrast emerge in binucleated stage and trinucleated stage: the POD, COD activities of male-sterile induced by high-temperature were higher than the contrast and isoenzymes bands more than the contrast, which indict the amount of active oxygen and free radical more than normal level in adversity of high temperature and take place acute lipid peroxidization. The enhancement of COD activity lead to the oxidative cleavage of IAA, which affect the synthesis and transportation of nutriment that is essential to the development of microspore. (2) The activity of anther amylase isoenzyme of male-sterility induced by SQ-1 and high temperature is higher than contrast. The activity of anther amylase isoenzyme of S-type male-sterility line is lower than the contrast. (3) There is almost no difference among the male sterility materials and the contrast in leaf POD,COD isoenzyme. The amylase isoenzyme bands of male-sterility material 1376 is less than the contrast, but amylase isoenzyme of male-sterility material 2611 is as the same as the contrast, which indict the interworking between CHA and genotype. (4) We find differential protein in anther of hereditable male-sterility and physiological male-sterility. In binucleated stage, there is a lack of 31KD protein in male sterility materials contrast to the normal materials. We presume that the 31KD protein is related with male-sterility. (5) We have no find differential protein in leaf in different stages.
“三系法”,是利用核质互作雄性不育系生产杂交种,属于遗传型雄性不育;“化杀法”是利用化学药剂诱导雄性不育,属于生理型雄性不育。“高温杀雄”也属于生理型雄性不育。本研究是将遗传型雄性不育和生理型雄性不育相结合,在相同条件下进行比较研究,以期发现它们在败育过程中的异同点,旨在为生产实践提供理论与技术指导。经小麦遗传型雄性不育与生理型雄性不育花药、叶片过氧化物酶同工酶(POD),细胞色素氧化酶同工酶(COD),淀粉酶同工酶的比较研究;小麦遗传型和生理型雄性不育花药、叶片可溶性蛋白质的比较研究,获得下述结果:
1.经杀雄剂SQ-1 处理的材料及S 型不育系花药POD 和COD 酶带比对照酶带少且活性低,COD 的降低导致氧化磷酸化效率降低,从而减弱花药的呼吸速率和能量的形成,导致雄性不育的发生。而高温诱导雄性不育花药在二核期和三核期与对照表现出明显的差异:其花药POD、COD 比对照的酶带多且活性强,说明在高温这种逆境中其活性氧自由基含量高,发生剧烈的膜脂过氧化作用,并且COD 活性的增强,将导致IAA的氧化分解,影响小孢子正常发育所需营养物质的合成与运输,从而导致雄性不育的发生。
2.经杀雄剂SQ-1 和高温诱导的雄性不育材料花药淀粉酶表现较为一致,比对照明显增强;而S 型不育系其淀粉酶活性比对照低。推测S 型不育系中由于花药中淀粉酶的缺乏,导致花药发育过程中缺乏必要的营养物质而影响其正常的发育。
3.旗叶COD、POD 同工酶在各处理间基本无差异;但在淀粉酶中经杀雄剂SQ-1处理的材料1376 比对照少了两条带,而经杀雄剂SQ-1 处理的材料2611 却与对照相
wheat(Triticum aestivumL.) is the first leading cereal crop in the world, and the second leading cereal crop in china. A lot of research indicated that the wheat, as rice, maize and rape, has also obvious heterosis. The heterosis of wheat can be deeply explored and can be utilized to increase the yield per unit of area sown. Now there are two important methods used for producing hybrid wheat seed to utilize the heterosis of wheat. The first method is Cytoplasm Male Sterility System (CMSS). The second is Chemical Hybridizing Agent System (CHAS). In addition, we made progress in male-sterility induced by high temperature. The CHAS developed rapidly and had become a main way in the applying with producing in recent years. Because the male and female parent in CHAS can be selected freely and combined from the conventional wheat varieties as to increase the efficiency of hybrid breeding programs. However, the key of successful CHAS need a nice kind of Chemical Hybridizing. SQ-1 is a new kind of CHA with self-knowledge property in china. SQ-1 could induce above 95% male sterility and has no side-effect on growth and development in wheat, and could take place GENESIS which was developed by Monsanto company in USA and was regarded as a nice kind of CHA in the world, and resolve the restriction in Chemical Hybridizing Agent System (CHAS) in our country.
Cytoplasm Male Sterility System (CMSS) belong to hereditable male-sterility; Chemical Hybridizing Agent System (CHAS) belong to physiological male-sterility; male-sterility induced by high temperature also belong to physiological male-sterility. The article compared the difference between hereditable male-sterility and physiological male-sterility in same condition so that we know the mechanism of male-sterility and instruct production. The study include: a comparative study of anther and leaf isoenzyme which was POD, COD, amylase of male sterility induced by physiology and heredity type in wheat; a comparative study of dissoluble protein on anther and leaf of male sterility induced by physiology and heredity type in wheat. All results are as follows:
(1), The POD, COD activities which S-type male-sterile line and male sterility induced by CHA were lower than the contrast, and isoenzymes bands less than the contrast, the lower COD activity result in the falling of oxidative phosphorylation rate, and reduce the rate of
breath and the information of energy. Obvious difference between male sterility induced by high temperature and contrast emerge in binucleated stage and trinucleated stage: the POD, COD activities of male-sterile induced by high-temperature were higher than the contrast and isoenzymes bands more than the contrast, which indict the amount of active oxygen and free radical more than normal level in adversity of high temperature and take place acute lipid peroxidization. The enhancement of COD activity lead to the oxidative cleavage of IAA, which affect the synthesis and transportation of nutriment that is essential to the development of microspore. (2) The activity of anther amylase isoenzyme of male-sterility induced by SQ-1 and high temperature is higher than contrast. The activity of anther amylase isoenzyme of S-type male-sterility line is lower than the contrast. (3) There is almost no difference among the male sterility materials and the contrast in leaf POD,COD isoenzyme. The amylase isoenzyme bands of male-sterility material 1376 is less than the contrast, but amylase isoenzyme of male-sterility material 2611 is as the same as the contrast, which indict the interworking between CHA and genotype. (4) We find differential protein in anther of hereditable male-sterility and physiological male-sterility. In binucleated stage, there is a lack of 31KD protein in male sterility materials contrast to the normal materials. We presume that the 31KD protein is related with male-sterility. (5) We have no find differential protein in leaf in different stages.
引文
[1] 万富世. 新世纪中国的小麦及其发展对策, 陈生斗主编《中国小麦育种与产业化进展》,2002,中国农业出版社,3-16
[2] 黄铁诚. 杂种小麦研究[C]. 北京:北京农业大学出版社,1990,84-104
[3] Kaul MLH. Male Sterility in higher plant, Springer-Verlag Press,1988,Berlin
[4] Kihara H..Cytologia. 1951,16:117-193
[5] 何觉民著. 两系杂交小麦理论与实践[M]. 湖南:湖南科学技术出版社,1993,
[6] 王鹏科,杨智全,黄寿松. VE 型小麦雄性不育—保持系的遗传研究[C]. 见:第一际国际杂种小麦研讨会论文集. 北京:中国农业大学出版社,1998,241-243
[7] 王艳,张爱民. 小麦D2型细胞光敏性不育的研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报,1998,14(4):16-18
[8] 张改生,刘宏伟,王军卫等. 我国杂种小麦走向生产的关键策略[J]. 科技导报,1997,(10):27-28
[9] 刘春光,吴郁文,侯宁等. 小麦D2 型细胞质雄性不育系配子发育的细胞形态特征和同工酶的研究[J]. 遗传学报,1995,22(3):199-20
[10] 周美兰,唐启源,程尧楚. 光温核不育小麦ES-10 雄性败育机制研究[J]. 湖南农业大学学报,1997,23(2):117-122
[11] Athwal. D. S. and Borlug. N.E.Genetic male sterility in wheat breeding [J]. The lndian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding ,1967, 27:136-142
[12] Auriau, P. Hybrid Wheat:results obtained in France[C]. Proceeding of the Fourth International Wheat Genetic Symposium, Columbia 1973, P321
[13] 张爱民,黄铁城小杂杂种优势利用途径与研究进展[J]. 作物学报,1997,(5):16-20
[14] 黄寿松,李万隆. 蓝标型小麦核雄性不育保持系的选育研究[J]. 作物学报,1991,17(2):81-87
[15] 吴郁文,张翠兰. D2 型小麦雄性不育系的育成及其特征的研究[J]. 科学通报,1994,39(10):1618-1621
[16] 广东省农作物杂种优势利用研究协作组. 水稻化学杀雄利用杂种优势的研究[J]. 中国农业科学,1997,10(2):47-50
[17] 黄铁成,王明理,张爱民等. 新型化学杀雄型—WL84811 诱导小麦(Triticum aestivam L.)雄性不育研究[J]. 作物学报,1998,14(2):155-162,
[18] 刘宏伟化学杂交剂-GENESIS 诱导小麦雄性不育机理研究( D). 陕西杨凌:2002,
[19] 杨弘运. 花粉雄核发育中的几个问题[J]. 武汉大学学报(自然科学版),1981,2:90-96
[20] 曾孟潜,杨太兴. 玉米细胞质雄性不育性的生化和恢复性的遗传测定[J]. 中国科学(B),1986(11):1179~1189,
[21] 张明永,梁承邺,黄毓文等. 水稻细胞质雄性不育系与保持系的呼吸途径比较[J],植物生理学报,1998,24(1):55-58
[22] 刘宏伟,张改生,王军卫等. 化学杂交剂SQ-1 诱导小麦雄性不育及不同小麦品种互作效应的研究[J]. 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2003,8,31(4.):15-18
[23] 张爱民,刘冬成,聂秀玲等杂种小麦充种的战略[J].中国农业科技导报,2002,4(5):42-18
[24] 张爱民,黄铁城小杂杂种优势利用途径与研究进展[J].作物学报,1997,(5):16-20
[25] 张改生,刘宏伟,王军卫等陕西杂种小麦产业现状与发展对策[J].陕西农业科学,1997,(3),7-14
[26] 刘宏伟,张改生,王军卫等. 化杀杂种小麦研究[J]. 陕西农业科学,1998,(6):3-5
[27] 张改生. 中国杂种小麦研究进展与展望,《中国小麦育种与产业化进展》,陈生斗,中国农业出版社,2002 年,67-75
[28] 张爱民,鄂立柱,武跃延等. 化学杂交剂SC2053 诱导小麦雄性不育的研究[C]. 全国作物育种学术讨论会论文集,北京:农业出版社,1995,163-170
[29] Fran CkOWINAK, J. D., Maan, S. S. and Williams. N. D. A proposal for hybrid wheat Utilzing Aegilops squarrosa L. cytoplasm [J]. Crop Science, 1976, 16:725-728
[30] Moban L H K. Male Sterility in higher plants, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 1988,
[31] 陈万义.化学杂交剂的进展[J]. 农药,1999,38(1):1-6
[32] 黄铁城,张爱民杂种小麦研究[J]. 北京农业大学学报,1985,11(4):215-227
[33] 黄铁城,张爱民主编《杂种小麦研究进展》,农业出版社,1993
[34] 刘录样,黄铁城.作物化学杂交育种的实践与展望[J] 中国农业科学,1990,23(2):1～9
[35] 黄铁城,刘录样.小麦化学杂交育种的理论与实践.《杂种小麦研究》.北京:北京农业大学出版社,1990,84～109
[36] 柴守诚,杨天章,柴守玺化学杂交剂在杂种小麦生产中的应用[J].甘肃农业大学学报,1992,27(4):288-293
[37] 徐孟亮,刘艺芳,肖翊华等. 湖北光敏核不育水稻幼穗发育中内源IAA 的变化[J]. 华中农业大学学报,1990,9(4):381~386
[38] Belgin, C, Maareten, V.G, Dennis, J.D. and Sanjaya, R. Hybrid wheat research at CIMMYT using GENESIS[C]. The Proceedings of 1st International Workshop on Hybrid Wheat. Beijing, 1998, PP31-36
[39] 刘忠松. 不育花药的生理生化研究进展与展望[J]. 植物生理学通迅, 1987. 2:16~21
[40] Dricoll, C. J. XYZ system of producing hybrid wheat[J]. Crop Science, 1972, 12:516-517
[41] Driscoll, C. J. New approaches to wheat breeding. In: wheat science today and tomorrow. Pub:Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 1981, PP 97-106
[42] 余国东.小麦核不育两用系育性转换的光温模式研究[J]. In HybridWheat—A new crop going to farmer,Beijing,CAU press,1998:176—178
[43] Saskuma T, Ohtsuka L Cytopalsmis effects of Aegilops species having D genome in wheat I. Cytoplasmic differentiation among five species regarding pistillody induction[J].Seiken Ziho,1979,27-28:59-65
[44] Xu Nai-Yu,LIU Jiang-Dong. Preliminary studies on photoperiod sensitive cytoplasmic male sterility in wheat[J].Wuhan Univ(Natural ScienceEdition), 1995, 41(2.):218-222。
[45] 何觉民,戴君惕,邹庆斌等. 生态遗传雄性不育理论与两系杂交植物[C]. 见:杂种小麦研究进展. 北京:农业出版社,1990,191-1994
[46] 何立人,李正玮,张建奎等. 温敏型雄不育小麦C49S 育性转换与温度关系[J]. 西南农业大学学报,1996,18(4)328-332
[47] 刘春光,吴郁文,侯宁等. 小麦D2型细胞质雄性不育系配子发育的细胞形态特征和同工酶的研究[J]. 遗传学报,1995,22(3):199-205
[48] 杨天章,柴守诚,刘庆法. WL84811 对小麦杀雄效果试验初报[J]. 陕西农业科学,1987,(3): 16-17,
[49] 张改生. 单型小麦雄性不育系的育性及其育性恢复性能的初步研究[J]. 科学通报,1992,37(7):641-645
[50] 周美兰,何觉民,邹应斌等. 光温敏核不育小麦育性条件的研究[J]. 湖南农业大学学报,1996,22(3):231-235
[51] 周美兰,唐启源,程尧楚. 光温核不育小麦ES-10 雄性败育机制研究[J]. 湖南农业大学学报,1997,23(2):117-122
[52] 中国杂交小麦育种研究获新成果,现代商贸工业,2004,9,45
[53] 赵明,刘振乔等. 农业科技通讯,1985(8),38
[54] 白普一,黄亚群塑料薄膜简棚木同处理方法锈导小麦雄性不育试验报告河北师范大学学报,1989,(3):86
[55] 王美云,赵明,赵松山小麦高温物理杀雄的温-时效应[J] 作物学报,1993,9,19(5),429-435
[56] Mariani C ,De Beuckeleer M ,T ruetm er M et al Induction of malesterility in plants by a chimaeric ribonuclease gene. Nature,1 990,347:737—741
[57] Mariani C,Gossele V ,De Beuckeleer M et. a1.A Chimaeric ri—bonuclease——inhibitor gene restores fertility to m ale sterile plants.Nature, 1992,357:384—387
[58] 李胜国. 基因工程雄性不育烟草的获得[J]. 植物学报,1995,37(8):659-660.
[59] 叶兴国, 马有志. 小麦基因工程育种的回顾与展望[J].作物杂志,1999(6):6-9.
[60] 傅荣昭,曹光诚.用基因枪法将人工雄性不育基因导入小麦的研究初报[J].遗传学报,1997,24(4):358—361
[61] 李艳红,肖兴国.将新的人工雄性不育基因导入小麦栽培品种的研究初报[J].农业生物技术学报,1999,7(3):255—258
[62] Kriete G,Niehaus K,et al. Male sterility in transgenic tobacco plants induced by tapetum-specific deacetylation of the externally applied nontoxic compound N-acety1-L-phosphinothricin. Plant J. 1996. 9:809~818)。
[63] Michel H,Song S,Simon L.Male-sterility induction in transgenic tobacco plants with an unedited atp9 mitochondrial gene from wheat [J],Proc Natl Acad Sci,1993,90:2370-2374
[64] Blanc V,Jordana X,Litvak S,Araya A. Control of gene expression by base deamination:the caseof RNA editing in wheat mitochondria[J],Biochimie,1996,78(6):511-517)
[65] Eduardo Z,Armand Michel H Transgenic male-sterile plant induced by an unedited atp9 gene is restord to fertility by inhibiting its expression with antisense RNA[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci,1996,93:11259-11263
[66] Song J,Hedgcoth C. Influence of nuclear background on transcription of a chimeric gene(or256)and coxl in fertile cytoplasmic male sterile Wheats[J].Genome,1994,37(2):203-209
[67] Song Hedcoth C. A chimeric gene(orf256)is expressed as protein only in cytoplasmic male-sterile lines of wheat[J].Plant Mol Biol,1994,26(1):535-539
[68] 刘忠松,官春云,陈社员等 植物雄性不育机理的研究及应用[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2001.
[69] 彭仁旺. 转基因雄性不育油菜选育的简介[J].遗传学报,1996,23(1):84.
[70] 赵章杏. KMS-1 诱导小麦雄性不育的生理效应[J].植物生理学通讯,1983,27(5):112-115
[71] Cross, J. W. Transport and metabolism of pollen suppressant SC2053 in wheat[J]. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry, 1995,43:548-556
[72] 刘宏伟,张改生,刘秉华 化学杂交剂GENESIS 诱导小麦雄性不育的细胞形态学观察[J]. 西北植物学报,2004,24(12):2282-2285
[73] Specialty in Plant Genetics and Breeding of Department of Biology,(北京大学生物系植物遗传育种专业).A Cytological 0bservations on anther and pollen developments of male sterile and male fertile lines of whcat[J].Acta Bot.Sin.(植物学报),1976,18(2):111-119(in Chinese)
[74] 许海霞,吕德彬,程西永等 GENESIS 诱导小麦雄性不育的形态学和细胞学研究[J]. 河南农业大学学报,2003,9,37(3):205-208
[75] 官春云,李栒. 杀雄剂1 号对甘蓝型油菜花药绒毡层和花粉粒形成的影响[J]. 作物学报. 1997. 23:513~518
[76] 闫先喜,梁作勤,田纪春. SC2053 诱导小麦雄性不育形态学和细胞学观察[J]. 华北农学报,1996,11(1):19-24
[77] Singh RB,Kaul MLH. Male sterility in barley IV. Anther form and development[J]. Plant Breed,1991,107:326~332
[78] 利容千. 几种农作物雄性不育的细胞学研究[J]. 武汉大学学报(自然科学版). 1978(1):83~96)
[79] Laster KD,Lersten NR. Anatomy and cytology of microsporogenesis in cytoplasmic male sterile angiosperms[J] Bot Rev. 1972. 38:427~454)。
[80] 湖南师范学院生物系等. 水稻雄性不育生理特征的初步研究[J] 遗传学通讯,1973,(1):32-37
[81] Goldberg RB,Beals TP,Sanders PM. Anther development:basic principles and practical applications. [J] Plant Cell. 1993. 5:1217~1229)
[82] 潘坤清. 水稻野收型雄性不育系花粉败育的解剖学和细胞学观察[J]. 遗传学报. 1979.6:211~215
[83] Warmke HE,Lee SJ. Pollen abortion in Tcytoplasmic male-sterile corn (Zea mays):a suggested mechanism. Science. 1987. 200:561~563
[84] 朱汉如,小麦化学杀雄技术的研究,《全国小麦杂种优势利用研究学术论文集》,《北京农业大学学报》,1985,11(4):169-176
[85] 肖建国,蒋爱湘,冯桂苓等. 化学杂交剂“津奥啉”诱导小麦雄性不育机理研究[J]. 华北农学报,1996,11(4):7-11
[86] 蒋爱湘,肖建国,周国雷等. Sc2053 诱导的雄性不育进程中过氧化物酶同工酶的研究[J].北京农业大学学报,1993,19(增):44～47
[87] Chauhan SVS,Kinoshita T. Anther ontogeny in genic,cytoplasmic and chemically induced male sterile plalnts[J]. Japan J Breed. 1980. 30:117~124
[88] Gourret JP,Delourme R,Renard M. Expression of ogu cytoplasmic male sterility in cybrids of Brassica napus[J]. Theor Appl Genet. 1992. 83:549~556
[89] 姚亚琴,张改生,刘宏伟等 K 型和T 型小麦雄性不育花粉粒形态与细胞学定位[J]. 中国农业科学,2002,35(2):123-126
[90] 黄铁成,王明理,张爱民等. 新型化学杀雄型—WL84811 诱导小麦(Triticum aestivam L.)雄性不育研究[J]. 作物学报,1998,14(2):155-162
[91] 徐如强,黄铁城,张爱民 “BAU-2”诱导普通小麦雄性不育的研究 Ⅲ化学杀雄机制[J]. 北京农业大学学报,1993,19(增):19-24
[92] 朱广廉,曹宋巽. 太谷核不育小麦不育株花药内游离氨基酸成分的比较分析[J]. 植物生理学报,1984,10(3):185-189
[93] 张明永,梁承邺,段俊等. CMS 水稻不同器官的膜脂过氧化水平[J]. 作物学报,1997,23(5):603-606
[94] 赵玉锦,童哲,陈化君等. 内源植物激素与光敏核不育水稻农垦58S 育性的关系[J]. 植物学报,1996,38(12):936~941
[95] 王熹 植物生理学报,1981,7:11-17)
[96] 刘忠松,官春云,陈新员. 植物雄性不育机理的研究及应用[M].北京:农业出版社,2001,
[97] Bino RJ,de Hoop SJ,et al. Energy metabolism in Petunia hybrida anther:a comparison between fertile and cytoplasmic male sterile development. In:Mullcahy DL,Mulcahy GB,Ottaviano E (eds). Biotechnology and Ecology of Pollen[J]. New York:Springer-Verlag,1986. 327~332
[98] 汤佩松 高等植物呼吸代谢途径的调节控制和代谢生理功能间的相互制约[J].植物学报,1979,62(2):93-106
[99] 田长恩,段俊,梁承邺. 乙烯对水稻CMS 系及其保持系蛋白质、核酸和活性氧代谢的影响[J]. 中国农业科学,1999,32(5):36-42
[100] Musgrave ME,Antonovics J,Siedow JN. Is male-sterility in plants re-lated to lack of cyanide-resistant respiration in tissues? Plant Sci. 1986. 44:7~11
[101] Connett MB , Hanson MR. Differential mitochondrial electron transport through the cyanide-sensitive and cyanide-insensitive pathways in isonuclear lines of cytoplasmic male-sterile,male ferile,and restored Petunia[J]. Plant Physiol. 93:1643~1640
[102] 夏涛, 刘纪麟. 玉米细胞质雄性不育性与组织抗氰呼吸关系的研究[J]. 中国农业科学,1988,21(5):39-43
[103] Kishitani S,Konno N. Inhibitors of cyanide-insensitive respiratory path-way induce male sterility in broccoli (Brassica oleracea) [J]. Japan Breed. 1990. 40:217~222
[104] 王秀珍,腾晓月等. 玉米及高粱花药中三磷酸腺苷(ATP)含量与细胞质雄性不育的关系[J]. 作物学报,1986,12:177~181
[105] 曲志才,粟翼玟 普通小麦T 型和K 型雄性不育系同工酶的比较研究[J]. 遗传,1994,16(6):20-23
[106] 傅鸿仪等 遗传,1980,2(3):28-30
[107] Alam S,et al,Crop Science,1969,9(2):157-159
[108] 戴尧仁,孙振荣等. 水稻二九南一号雄性不育系及相应保持系花药中某些呼吸酶和游离组蛋白的比较研究[J]. 遗传学报,1978,5:227~233
[109] Ohmasa M. Biochemical studies of cytoplasmic male sterility of maize:relation between cytoplasmic male sterility and mitochondrial enzyme activities[J]. Bull Natl Inst Agri Sci.,1982.,33:201~233
[110] Bino RJ,de Hoop SJ,et al. Energy metabolism in Petunia hybrida anther:a comparison between fertile and cytoplasmic male sterile development. In:Mullcahy DL,Mulcahy GB,Ottaviano E (eds). Biotechnology and Ecology of Pollen[J]. New York:Springer-Verlag,1986,327~332
[111] 姚亚琴,张改生 K 型小麦不育系花药壁细胞色素氧化酶的分布[J]. 西北农业大学学报,1997,10,15(5):1-3
[112] 赵双宜,粟翼玟,张燕君等. 萝卜雄性不育系个体发育中的同工酶研究[J],中国农业科学,1994,27(1):18-24
[113] 舒孝顺等. 内蒙古大学学报,1999,1:58-61
[114] 姚亚琴,张改生 K 型小麦雄性不育系及其保持系花药小孢子不同发育时期ATP 酶活性变化[J]. 中国农业科学,2000,33(3):97-99
[115] 陈贤丰,梁承邺 水稻不育花药中H2O2的积累与膜脂过氧化的加剧[J]. 植物生理学报,1991,17(1):44-48
[116] 陈贤丰,梁承邺 湖北光周期敏感核不育水稻花药能量和活性氧的代谢[J]. 植物学报,1992,34(6):416-425
[117] 段俊,梁承邺,张明永. 玉米细胞质雄性不育与膜脂过氧化的关系[J]. 植物生理学通讯,1996,32(5):331-334
[118] 柯德森,王爱国,罗广华. 活性氧在外源乙烯诱导内源乙烯产生过程中的作用[J]. 植物生理学院,1997,23(1):67-72
[119] 刘宏伟,张改生,王军卫等. 新型化学杂交剂GENESIS 诱导小麦雄性不育的初步研究[J]. 西北植物学报,1998,18(2):218-222
[120] 田长恩,梁承邺. 多胺对水稻CMS 系及保持系幼穗蛋白质、核酸和活性氧代谢的影响[J]. 植物生理学报,1999,25(3):222-228
[121] 张建奎,何立人,李正玮等. 温光型雄性不育小麦C49S 育性与花药SOD 活性的关系[J]. 西南农业大学学报,1997,19(1):54-58
[122] 张建奎,宗学凤,王俊义等 温光敏核雄性不育小麦花药中保护酶活性的变化[J]. 麦类作物学报,2001,21(4):26-30
[123] 赵会杰,林学梧,武跃廷等 小麦质不育系及其保持系花药中SOD 同工酶和脂质过氧化作用初步研究[J]. 华北农学报,1994,9(1):25-29
[124] 黄雪清,高东迎,杨安南等 吡喃酮类衍生物对水稻的杀雄作用与活性氧代谢的关系[J]. 植物生理学报,2001,27(2):161-166
[125] MACHACKOVA I,GANCEVA K,ZMRHAL Z.The role of peroxidase in the metabolism of indoel-3 acetic acid and phenols in wheat [J] Phytochem,1975,(14):1251—1254
[126] 孟金陵 主编. 植物生殖遗传学[M]. 北京:科学技术出版社,1995
[127] 谢学民 小麦杂种优势的研究与利用[M]. 北京:北京农业大学出版社,1993
[128] 黄厚哲,楼仕林 植物生长素亏缺与雄性不育的发生[J]. 厦门大学学报(自然科学版),1984,23(1):82~97
[129] 苏俊英,吕德彬,程西永等 化学杂交剂Genesis 和Sc2053 对小麦穗部过氧化物酶活性的影响[J]. 河南农业大学学报,2000,12,34(4):309-311
[130] 刘春光,吴郁文,张翠兰等 小麦D2型细胞质雄性不育系雄配子发育的细胞形态学特征和同工酶的研究[J]. 遗传学报,1995,22(3):199-205
[131] 陈良碧,周广洽,黄玉祥.温光条件对水稻安农S-1、衡农S-1 的育性及生理的影响[J].植物学报,1986,12(3):177-181
[132] 邓继新,刘文芳,肖翊华. HPGMR 花粉发育期花药ATP含量及核酸与蛋白质的合成研究[J]. 武汉大学学报(自然科学版),1990,(3):85-88
[133] 陈贤丰,梁承邺 .HPGMR 不育花药能量代谢,H2O2 的积累与雄性不育的关系[J]. 植物生理学通迅,1991,27(1):21~24
[134] Bino RJ,de Hoop SJ,et al. Energy metabolism in Petunia hybrida anther:a comparison between fertile and cytoplasmic male sterile development. In:Mullcahy DL,Mulcahy GB,Ottaviano E (eds). Biotechnology and Ecology of Pollen. New York:Springer-Verlag,1986,327~332
[135] 王学德 棉花细胞质雄性不育花药的淀粉酶与碳水化合物[J]. 棉花学报,1999,11(3):113-116
[136] 宋宪亮,孙学振,刘英欣 棉花ms5ms6 核雄性不育花药中碳水化合物和游离氨基酸的变化[J].棉花学报,2001,13(6):334-336
[137] 陶龙兴,王熹,俞美玉等 CM268 诱导水稻雄性不育的效果及作用机理研究[J]. 作物学报,2001,3,27(2):178-184
[138] 王强,李学刚,王邦俊 化杀1 号对棉花可溶性糖淀粉及叶绿素影响的研究[J]. 西南农业大学学报,2001,2,23(1):76-79
[139] 黄庆榴,唐锡华,茅剑蕾. 粳型光敏核不育水稻7001S 的光温反应特性与花粉育性转换及其过程中花药蛋白质的变化[J]. 作物学报,1994,20(2):156-160
[140] 黄雪清,高东迎,杨安南等. 化学杀雄剂III 号诱导水稻雄性不育过程中幼穗、颖花、花药中核酸和蛋白质代谢研究[J]. 作物学报,2001,27(6):827-731
[141] 骆炳山,李文斌,屈映兰. 湖北光敏核不育水稻育性转换机理初控[J]. 华中农业大学学报,1990,9(1)5:7-12
[142] 余国东,谭昌华,张宋华等. 重应温光型核不育小麦的育性转换及应用研究[C]. 北京:农业出版社,195-198
[143] 周培疆,凌杏元,张瑞阳等. 植物细胞质雄性不育的功能代谢及其分子机制[J]. 植物生理学通讯,1999,35(6):491-500
[144] Nishiyama I. Male sterility caused by cooling treatment at the young microspore stage in rice plants. XI. Effects of some substances on sterility [J]. Proc Crop Sci Japan, 1975,44:397-402
[145] 曹以诚,付彬英,王明全等 光敏核不育水稻蛋白双向电泳的初步分析[J]. 武汉大学学报,1987,14(7):73-80
[146] 王台,童硩 光周期敏感核不育水稻叶绿体的特异性蛋白[J]. 植物学报,1992,34(6):426-431
[147] 腾晓月,陈雪晖 T 型雄性不育小麦种子蛋白的电泳分析[J]. 中国农业大学学报,1996,1,1(1):11-15
[148] 腾晓月,陈雪晖 小麦T 型细胞质雄性不育系和保持系蛋白质的比较研究[J]. 作物学报,1996,5,22(3):265-270
[149] Fukasawa H. On the free amino acids in anthers of male sterile wheat and maizse. Jpn J Genet. 1953,29:135~137
[150] 伊藤延男(Nobuo Ito)1972,Male sterility caused by cooling treatment at the goung microspore stage in rice plant.Ⅷ.Free aimio acids in anthers.日本作物学会记事 41(1):32-37
[151] 广西师范学院生物系水稻“三系”研究组. 水稻“三系”及杂交水稻花药中脯氨酸的测定[J].植物学报,1977,19(1):25-27
[152] 宋宪亮,孙学振,刘英欣 棉花ms5ms6 核雄性不育花药中碳水化合物和游离氨基酸的变化[J].棉花学报,2001,13(6):334-336
[153] 罗光霞,李人圭,管和. 花椰菜(Brassica oleracea L.)雄性不育株和可育株的细胞学和生理生化研究[J]. 华中师范大学学报(自然科学版),1991,(3):91~97
[154] 彭业芳,王永锐. 光敏核不育水稻花粉败育中淀粉和蛋白质含量的研究[J]. 中山大学学报(自然科学版),1991,30(4):92~99
[155] 俞养玉,玉熹,陶龙兴等. CRMS 诱导水稻雄性不育研究III. CRMS 对水稻花药游离脯氨酸含 量的影响及其与花药败育的关系[J]. 中国水稻科学,1991,5(4):169-174
[156] 谢学民,奚海褔,黄建中等.化学杀雄剂对水稻花药氨基酸含量与育性的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报,1994,6(1):51-53
[157] 陈晓斌,曹有龙,贾勇炯等 白肋烟草雄性不育系的过氧化物酶同工酶和游离氨基酸分析[J].浙江农业学报,1999,11(2):76-79
[158] 席湘缓. 小麦雄性不育花药和花粉发育的形态学观察[J]. 山东农学院学报,1980,(1):15-21
[159] Ahokas,H.Cotyplasmic male sterility Ⅱ.Physiology and cytology of msmsl[J],Hereditas Lund,1978,89:7-21
[160] Brooks MZ.Comparative analysis of some of the free amino acids in anther of fertile and genetic cytoplasmic male sterilesorghum[J] .Genetics,1962,47:1629-1638
[161] Britikov EA,et al.proline in the reproductive system of plants.In Linskens,H.F.pollen physiology and Fertilization[J] .Amsterdam,North Holland Pub,Co,1964,77-85
[162] 李传友,孙兰珍 K,V 型小麦同核异质雄性不育系及保持系花药内游离氨基酸的比较分析[J].山东农业大学学报,1995,2,26(1):57-61
[163] Khoo U,Stinson HT,Free amino acids differences between cytophasmic male sterile and normal fertile anthers[J].proc.Nat.Acad.Sci.B.USA,43:603-607
[164] Duvick ND.cytoplasmic pollen male sterility ,in corn.adv.Genet,1965,13:1-56
[165] 夏涛,刘纪麟. 玉米细胞质雄性不育性的激素调控机制[J]. 北京农业大学学报,1993,19(增刊):17~22
[166] 徐孟亮等 湖北光敏核不育水稻幼穗发育中IAA 变化[J]. 华中农业大学学报,1990,9,(4):381-386
[167] 杨代常等 内源激素对HPGMR 育性转换和表达的调控作用[J],武汉大学学报,1990,(2):126-128
[168] Kojima K Changes of ABA. IAA and GAs levels in reproductive organs of citrus[J]. Japan Agricultural Research,1997,31(4):271~280
[169] 陈竹君,张明方,汪炳良等 榨菜胞质雄性不育入其农艺性状的研究[J]. 园艺学报,1995,22(1):40~46
[170] 李英贤,张爱民,黄铁城 小麦细胞质雄性不育与花药组织内源激素的关系[J]. 农业生物技术学报,1996,4(4):307~313
[171] Hamdi S,G Teller, J.P.Lonis. Master regulatory genes,auxin level, and sexual organogenesis in the dioecious plant Mercloialis annma. [J] Plant Physiology. 1987,85:393~399
[172] Hamdi S. Regnlation of IAA~oxidase activities: correlation with sexgenes, sterility determinants and IAA levels in Mercuialis annua[J]. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 1988, 26:639~644
[173] 张爱民,李英贤,刘健 化学杂交剂对小麦穗部内源激素的影响,《正在走向生产的杂种小麦》,第一届国际杂种小麦学术讨论会论文集,张爱民,黄铁城主编,1998,北京,249-254
[174] Ahokas H. Cytoplasmic male sterility in barley:Evidence for the involvement of cytokinins in fertility restoration[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science. 1982.79:7605~7608
[175] Sukla.A.and Sawhney.V.K.Abscisic acid:one of the factors affecting male sterility in Brassica napus[J].Physiol.Plantarum.1994.91:522-528
[176] 张爱民,李英贤,黄铁城 化学杂交剂诱导的雄性不育花药组织内源激素的变化[J]. 农业生物技术学报,1997,5(1):64-71
[177] 高夕全,张子学,夏凯等 雄性不育辣椒中几种内源激素的含量变化[J]. 植物生理学通迅,2001,37(1):31~32
[178] Singh S,Sawhney V. K.,Pearce D. W..Temperature effects on endogenous indole-3-acetic acid levels and stamens of the normal and male sterile “stamenless-2”mutant of tomat[J]. Cell and Environment,1992,15:373~377
[179] Ahokas H. Cytoplasmic male sterility in barley:Evidence for the involvement of cytokinins in fertility restoration. [J] Proceedings of the National Academy of Science,1982,79:7605~7608
[180] Singh S. Sawhney V. K. Cytokinins in a normal and the ogura (ogu) cytoplasmic male-sterile line of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) [J] Plant Science,1992,86:147~154
[181] Dauphin-Gherin. B. G. Teller. B.Durand. Different endogenous cytokinins between male and female Merchrialis anma L[J]. Planta,1980,148:124~129
[182] Shukla A. V. K. Sawhncy. Mctaholism of dihydraceatrin in floral buds of wild-type and a gemic male sterile line of rapeseed (Brassica napusl.) [J]. Journal of experimental botany,1993,44(266):1497~1505
[183] Singh S. Sawhney V. K. Cytokinins and abscisic acid in mots of the normal and stamenless-2 mutants of tomato[J]. Report of the tomatogenetic cooperative,1992,42:34~35
[184] Sun TP. Kaimaya Y. The Arabidopisis GAL locns encodes the cylasseent-kaurene synthetase A of gibberellin biosynthesis[J],Plant Cell,1994,6(10):1509~1518
[185] Nakajima M . I. Yamaguchi. S. Kizawa. Semi-quantification of GA1 and GA4 in male sterile antherds of rice by radioimmunoassay[J],Plant and cell Physiology,1991,32:522~513
[186] 黄少白,周燮 水稻细胞质雄性不育与内源GA1+4 和JAA 的关系[J]. 华北农学报,1994,9(3):16~20
[187] 李德红,骆炳山,屈映兰光敏核不育水稻幼穗的乙烯生成与育性转换[J]. 植物生理学报,1996,22(3):320-326
[188] 夏涛,刘纪麟玉米细胞质雄性不育性与乙烯的关系[J]. 华北农学报,1996,11(3):68-72
[189] 刘宏伟,张改生,王军卫等 GENESIS 诱导小麦雄性不育与幼穗中乙烯含量的关系[J]. 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2003,6,31(3):39-41
[190] 田长恩,梁承邺,黄毓文等 乙烯与水稻细胞质雄性不育的关系[J]. 作物学报,1999,25(1):116-119
[191] 田长恩,段俊,梁承邺 乙烯对水稻CMS 系及其保持系蛋白质,核酸和活性氧代谢的影响[J].中国农业科学,1999,32(5):36-42)
[192] 张爱民,李英贤 小麦雄性不育激素调控的初步研究[J]. 农业生物技术学报,1996,4(1):56-61
[193] Shukla.A.and Sawhney.V.K. Cytokinins in a genic male sterile line of Brassica nupus.Physiol.Plant,1992,85(1):23-29
[194] Dauphin-Gherin. B. G. Teller. B.Durand. Different endogenous cytokinins between male and female Merchrialis anma L[J],Planta,1980,148:124~129
[195] 赵会杰,刘华山,林学梧. 小麦胞质不育系花粉败育与活性氧代谢关系的研究[J]. 作物学报,1996,22(3):365-367
[196] Levings CS Ⅲ,Pring DR. Restriction endonuclease analysis of mitochondrial DNA from normal and Texas cytoplasmic male-sterile maize. Science,1976,193:158~160
[197] 刘忠松,官春云,大自然探索[J]. 1995,14(1):80-87
[198] H.厄皮特,殷宏章,王学臣译 高等植物的呼吸作用[M]. 北京:科学出版社,1984
[199] 胡适宜,王模善,徐丽云. 小麦雄性不育系和保持系的小孢子发育的电子显微镜研究[J]. 植物学报,1997,19(3):167-171
[200] 王俐,祁新红,刘根齐等 高粱雄性不育热激前后线粒体的变化与育性的关系[J]. 遗传学报,2000,27(9):834-838
[201] Bhadula SK,Sawhney VK. Protein analysis during the ontogeny of normal and male sterile stamenless-2 mutant stamens of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.),Biochem Genet,1991,29:29~41
[202] Song J,C Hedgcoth Genome,1994,37:203-209
[203] 司智海,刘植义. 普通小麦T 型细胞质雄性不育系及其保持系线粒体多肽的电泳比较研究[J]. 遗传学报,1991,18:44~50
[204] Zhang M F,Chen L P,Yutaka H,Cao J S,Chen Z J.Rapid detection of specific proteins expressed in cytoplasomic male sterile line of tuber mustard using SDS-PAGE[J].Zhe Jiand univ(Agric.&life sci.),2001,27(6):646-648
[205] 许仁林,姜晓红,师素云等 水稻野败型细胞质雄性不育系和保持系蛋白质多肽的比较研究[J],遗传学报,1992,19(5):446-452
[206] 杨毅,腾晓月,阎隆飞 V 型细胞质雄性不育小麦线粒体蛋白质研究[J],作物学报,2001,3,27(2):212-215
[207] Forde B G, Leaver C J. Nuclear and cytoplasmic genes controlling synthesis of variant mitochondria polypeptides in male-sterile maize.Proc.Natl.Acid.Sci.USA,1980a,77:418-422
[208] Forde B G, Leaver C J.Classification of normal and male sterile cytoplasms in maize,Genetics,1980b,95:443-450
[209] Forde B G and et al,Variation in mitochondrial translation products associated with male-sterile cytoplasm in maize,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci,1978,75:3841-3845
[210] Dewey RE. Timothy DH, Levings CS III. A mitochondrial protein associated with cytoplasmid male sterility in the cytoplasm of maize,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.,1987,84:5374-5378
[211] Leavings C S III The Texas cytoplasm of maize:cytoplasmic male sterility and disease susceptibility, Science,1990,250:942-947
[212] Hanson M R.Plant mitochondrial mutation and male sterility .Annu.Rev.Genet,1991,25:461-484
[213] Makaroff C A,Apel I J,Palmer J D.The atp6 coding region has been disrupted and a novel reading frame generated in the mitochondrial genome of cytoplasmic male-sterile radish J.Biol.Chem.,1989,264(20):11706-11713.
[214] Kohler RH. Hom R, Loosl A et al. Cytoplasmic male sterlity in sunflower is correlated with the co-transcription of a new open reading frame with the atpA gene,Mol Gen Genet,1991,227:369-371
[215] Mohr S, Schulte-Keppert ES, Odenbach W et al. Mitochon-drial DNA of cytoplasmic male-sterile Triticum timopheeve: re-arrangement of upstream sequences of the atp6 and orf25 genes,Theor Appl Genet,1993,86:259-268
[216] Song Jiasheng,C Hedgcoth. Plant Molecular Biology,1994,26:535-539
[217] Xue Y, Collin S, Davies DR et al. Differential screening of mitochondrial cDNA libraries from male fertile and cytoplasmic male sterile sugar-beat reveals genome rearrangements at atp6 and atpA Loci, Plant Mol Biol, 1994,25:91-103
[218] Senda M, Harade T, Mikami T, Genomic organization and sequence analysis of the cyochrome oxidase aubunit II gene from normal and male sterile mitochondria in sugar beat,Curr Genet,1991,19(3):175-181
[219] Makaraff CA, Apel IJ, Palmer JD. The role of CoxI associated repeated sequences in plat mitochondrial DNA rearrang-ments and eytoplasmic male sterility,Curr Genet,1989,19:183-190
[220] Krishnasamy S.Organ-specific reduction in the abundance of a mitochondrial protein accompanies fertility restoration in cytoplasmic male-sterile radish[J],Plant Mol.Biol.,1994,26:935-946
[221] Bailey-Serres J. Hanson DK, Fox TD et al, Mitochondrial genome rearrangement leads to extension and relocation of the cytochrome C oxidase subunit I gene in Sorghum[J],Cell,1986,47:567-576
[222] 凌杏元,周培疆,关和新等 运用AFLP技术筛选分离野败型水稻mtDNA中与雄性不育性状相关的片段[J]. 遗传,1999,21(2):33-36.
[223] 许仁林,国伟,汪训明等 杂交水稻及其三系线粒体DNA的AP-PCR指纹图谱[J]. 植物学报,1994,36(1):1-6.
[224] Akagi H. A unique sequence located downstream from the rice mitochondrial atp6 may cause male sterility,Current Genetics,1994,25:52-58
[225] Kadowaki K, Suzuki T, Kazama S A chimeric gene containing the 5 ′portion of atp6 is associated with cytoplasmic male-sterility of rice, Mol Gen Genet, 1990,224:10-16
[226] 李传友,谢纬武,孙兰珍等 遗传学报,1995,22(4):153-158
[227] 牛芝霞,杨天章,柴守诚 两种小麦细胞质雄性不育体系mtDNA 的RAPD 分析[J]. 西北农业大学学报,1998,6,26(3):1-4
[228] 王岳光,杨典洱,王琳清等 小麦辐射雄性不育系89AR 及其保持系和恢复系线粒体DNA 的RAPD 分析[J]. 麦类作物学报,2002,22(2):1-4
[229] 周时佳, 韩敬花. 太谷核不育小麦可育株,不育株及T 型不育系小麦同工酶的比较研究[J]. 作物学报,1985,6,11(2):109—114
[230] 范平. 普通小麦T 型和K 型胞质雄性不育系败育过程细胞学观察和同工酶检测[J]. 华北农学报,1996,11(2):2—10
[231] 沈银柱, 刘植义, 黄占景等 不同化学杂交剂(CHA)对小麦花药同工酶影响的研究[J]. 遗传,1999,21(5):41—46
[232] 杨太兴, 李继耕, 曾孟潜. 玉米不同细胞质雄性不育类型的同工酶分析[J]. 作物学报, 1982,12,8(12):269—275
[233] 胡适宜. 遗传学报,1977,19(3):167-171
[234] 冀耀如. 遗传学报,1979,6(1):22
[235] 秦太辰. 作物雄性不育性原理和方法[M]. 上海:上海科学技术出版社,1978,7-16
[236] 徐树华. 作物学报,1980,6(4):225-230
[237] De vries, A. PH. et al. Euphytica,1970,19:103-120
[2] 黄铁诚. 杂种小麦研究[C]. 北京:北京农业大学出版社,1990,84-104
[3] Kaul MLH. Male Sterility in higher plant, Springer-Verlag Press,1988,Berlin
[4] Kihara H..Cytologia. 1951,16:117-193
[5] 何觉民著. 两系杂交小麦理论与实践[M]. 湖南:湖南科学技术出版社,1993,
[6] 王鹏科,杨智全,黄寿松. VE 型小麦雄性不育—保持系的遗传研究[C]. 见:第一际国际杂种小麦研讨会论文集. 北京:中国农业大学出版社,1998,241-243
[7] 王艳,张爱民. 小麦D2型细胞光敏性不育的研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报,1998,14(4):16-18
[8] 张改生,刘宏伟,王军卫等. 我国杂种小麦走向生产的关键策略[J]. 科技导报,1997,(10):27-28
[9] 刘春光,吴郁文,侯宁等. 小麦D2 型细胞质雄性不育系配子发育的细胞形态特征和同工酶的研究[J]. 遗传学报,1995,22(3):199-20
[10] 周美兰,唐启源,程尧楚. 光温核不育小麦ES-10 雄性败育机制研究[J]. 湖南农业大学学报,1997,23(2):117-122
[11] Athwal. D. S. and Borlug. N.E.Genetic male sterility in wheat breeding [J]. The lndian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding ,1967, 27:136-142
[12] Auriau, P. Hybrid Wheat:results obtained in France[C]. Proceeding of the Fourth International Wheat Genetic Symposium, Columbia 1973, P321
[13] 张爱民,黄铁城小杂杂种优势利用途径与研究进展[J]. 作物学报,1997,(5):16-20
[14] 黄寿松,李万隆. 蓝标型小麦核雄性不育保持系的选育研究[J]. 作物学报,1991,17(2):81-87
[15] 吴郁文,张翠兰. D2 型小麦雄性不育系的育成及其特征的研究[J]. 科学通报,1994,39(10):1618-1621
[16] 广东省农作物杂种优势利用研究协作组. 水稻化学杀雄利用杂种优势的研究[J]. 中国农业科学,1997,10(2):47-50
[17] 黄铁成,王明理,张爱民等. 新型化学杀雄型—WL84811 诱导小麦(Triticum aestivam L.)雄性不育研究[J]. 作物学报,1998,14(2):155-162,
[18] 刘宏伟化学杂交剂-GENESIS 诱导小麦雄性不育机理研究( D). 陕西杨凌:2002,
[19] 杨弘运. 花粉雄核发育中的几个问题[J]. 武汉大学学报(自然科学版),1981,2:90-96
[20] 曾孟潜,杨太兴. 玉米细胞质雄性不育性的生化和恢复性的遗传测定[J]. 中国科学(B),1986(11):1179~1189,
[21] 张明永,梁承邺,黄毓文等. 水稻细胞质雄性不育系与保持系的呼吸途径比较[J],植物生理学报,1998,24(1):55-58
[22] 刘宏伟,张改生,王军卫等. 化学杂交剂SQ-1 诱导小麦雄性不育及不同小麦品种互作效应的研究[J]. 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2003,8,31(4.):15-18
[23] 张爱民,刘冬成,聂秀玲等杂种小麦充种的战略[J].中国农业科技导报,2002,4(5):42-18
[24] 张爱民,黄铁城小杂杂种优势利用途径与研究进展[J].作物学报,1997,(5):16-20
[25] 张改生,刘宏伟,王军卫等陕西杂种小麦产业现状与发展对策[J].陕西农业科学,1997,(3),7-14
[26] 刘宏伟,张改生,王军卫等. 化杀杂种小麦研究[J]. 陕西农业科学,1998,(6):3-5
[27] 张改生. 中国杂种小麦研究进展与展望,《中国小麦育种与产业化进展》,陈生斗,中国农业出版社,2002 年,67-75
[28] 张爱民,鄂立柱,武跃延等. 化学杂交剂SC2053 诱导小麦雄性不育的研究[C]. 全国作物育种学术讨论会论文集,北京:农业出版社,1995,163-170
[29] Fran CkOWINAK, J. D., Maan, S. S. and Williams. N. D. A proposal for hybrid wheat Utilzing Aegilops squarrosa L. cytoplasm [J]. Crop Science, 1976, 16:725-728
[30] Moban L H K. Male Sterility in higher plants, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 1988,
[31] 陈万义.化学杂交剂的进展[J]. 农药,1999,38(1):1-6
[32] 黄铁城,张爱民杂种小麦研究[J]. 北京农业大学学报,1985,11(4):215-227
[33] 黄铁城,张爱民主编《杂种小麦研究进展》,农业出版社,1993
[34] 刘录样,黄铁城.作物化学杂交育种的实践与展望[J] 中国农业科学,1990,23(2):1～9
[35] 黄铁城,刘录样.小麦化学杂交育种的理论与实践.《杂种小麦研究》.北京:北京农业大学出版社,1990,84～109
[36] 柴守诚,杨天章,柴守玺化学杂交剂在杂种小麦生产中的应用[J].甘肃农业大学学报,1992,27(4):288-293
[37] 徐孟亮,刘艺芳,肖翊华等. 湖北光敏核不育水稻幼穗发育中内源IAA 的变化[J]. 华中农业大学学报,1990,9(4):381~386
[38] Belgin, C, Maareten, V.G, Dennis, J.D. and Sanjaya, R. Hybrid wheat research at CIMMYT using GENESIS[C]. The Proceedings of 1st International Workshop on Hybrid Wheat. Beijing, 1998, PP31-36
[39] 刘忠松. 不育花药的生理生化研究进展与展望[J]. 植物生理学通迅, 1987. 2:16~21
[40] Dricoll, C. J. XYZ system of producing hybrid wheat[J]. Crop Science, 1972, 12:516-517
[41] Driscoll, C. J. New approaches to wheat breeding. In: wheat science today and tomorrow. Pub:Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 1981, PP 97-106
[42] 余国东.小麦核不育两用系育性转换的光温模式研究[J]. In HybridWheat—A new crop going to farmer,Beijing,CAU press,1998:176—178
[43] Saskuma T, Ohtsuka L Cytopalsmis effects of Aegilops species having D genome in wheat I. Cytoplasmic differentiation among five species regarding pistillody induction[J].Seiken Ziho,1979,27-28:59-65
[44] Xu Nai-Yu,LIU Jiang-Dong. Preliminary studies on photoperiod sensitive cytoplasmic male sterility in wheat[J].Wuhan Univ(Natural ScienceEdition), 1995, 41(2.):218-222。
[45] 何觉民,戴君惕,邹庆斌等. 生态遗传雄性不育理论与两系杂交植物[C]. 见:杂种小麦研究进展. 北京:农业出版社,1990,191-1994
[46] 何立人,李正玮,张建奎等. 温敏型雄不育小麦C49S 育性转换与温度关系[J]. 西南农业大学学报,1996,18(4)328-332
[47] 刘春光,吴郁文,侯宁等. 小麦D2型细胞质雄性不育系配子发育的细胞形态特征和同工酶的研究[J]. 遗传学报,1995,22(3):199-205
[48] 杨天章,柴守诚,刘庆法. WL84811 对小麦杀雄效果试验初报[J]. 陕西农业科学,1987,(3): 16-17,
[49] 张改生. 单型小麦雄性不育系的育性及其育性恢复性能的初步研究[J]. 科学通报,1992,37(7):641-645
[50] 周美兰,何觉民,邹应斌等. 光温敏核不育小麦育性条件的研究[J]. 湖南农业大学学报,1996,22(3):231-235
[51] 周美兰,唐启源,程尧楚. 光温核不育小麦ES-10 雄性败育机制研究[J]. 湖南农业大学学报,1997,23(2):117-122
[52] 中国杂交小麦育种研究获新成果,现代商贸工业,2004,9,45
[53] 赵明,刘振乔等. 农业科技通讯,1985(8),38
[54] 白普一,黄亚群塑料薄膜简棚木同处理方法锈导小麦雄性不育试验报告河北师范大学学报,1989,(3):86
[55] 王美云,赵明,赵松山小麦高温物理杀雄的温-时效应[J] 作物学报,1993,9,19(5),429-435
[56] Mariani C ,De Beuckeleer M ,T ruetm er M et al Induction of malesterility in plants by a chimaeric ribonuclease gene. Nature,1 990,347:737—741
[57] Mariani C,Gossele V ,De Beuckeleer M et. a1.A Chimaeric ri—bonuclease——inhibitor gene restores fertility to m ale sterile plants.Nature, 1992,357:384—387
[58] 李胜国. 基因工程雄性不育烟草的获得[J]. 植物学报,1995,37(8):659-660.
[59] 叶兴国, 马有志. 小麦基因工程育种的回顾与展望[J].作物杂志,1999(6):6-9.
[60] 傅荣昭,曹光诚.用基因枪法将人工雄性不育基因导入小麦的研究初报[J].遗传学报,1997,24(4):358—361
[61] 李艳红,肖兴国.将新的人工雄性不育基因导入小麦栽培品种的研究初报[J].农业生物技术学报,1999,7(3):255—258
[62] Kriete G,Niehaus K,et al. Male sterility in transgenic tobacco plants induced by tapetum-specific deacetylation of the externally applied nontoxic compound N-acety1-L-phosphinothricin. Plant J. 1996. 9:809~818)。
[63] Michel H,Song S,Simon L.Male-sterility induction in transgenic tobacco plants with an unedited atp9 mitochondrial gene from wheat [J],Proc Natl Acad Sci,1993,90:2370-2374
[64] Blanc V,Jordana X,Litvak S,Araya A. Control of gene expression by base deamination:the caseof RNA editing in wheat mitochondria[J],Biochimie,1996,78(6):511-517)
[65] Eduardo Z,Armand Michel H Transgenic male-sterile plant induced by an unedited atp9 gene is restord to fertility by inhibiting its expression with antisense RNA[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci,1996,93:11259-11263
[66] Song J,Hedgcoth C. Influence of nuclear background on transcription of a chimeric gene(or256)and coxl in fertile cytoplasmic male sterile Wheats[J].Genome,1994,37(2):203-209
[67] Song Hedcoth C. A chimeric gene(orf256)is expressed as protein only in cytoplasmic male-sterile lines of wheat[J].Plant Mol Biol,1994,26(1):535-539
[68] 刘忠松,官春云,陈社员等 植物雄性不育机理的研究及应用[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2001.
[69] 彭仁旺. 转基因雄性不育油菜选育的简介[J].遗传学报,1996,23(1):84.
[70] 赵章杏. KMS-1 诱导小麦雄性不育的生理效应[J].植物生理学通讯,1983,27(5):112-115
[71] Cross, J. W. Transport and metabolism of pollen suppressant SC2053 in wheat[J]. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry, 1995,43:548-556
[72] 刘宏伟,张改生,刘秉华 化学杂交剂GENESIS 诱导小麦雄性不育的细胞形态学观察[J]. 西北植物学报,2004,24(12):2282-2285
[73] Specialty in Plant Genetics and Breeding of Department of Biology,(北京大学生物系植物遗传育种专业).A Cytological 0bservations on anther and pollen developments of male sterile and male fertile lines of whcat[J].Acta Bot.Sin.(植物学报),1976,18(2):111-119(in Chinese)
[74] 许海霞,吕德彬,程西永等 GENESIS 诱导小麦雄性不育的形态学和细胞学研究[J]. 河南农业大学学报,2003,9,37(3):205-208
[75] 官春云,李栒. 杀雄剂1 号对甘蓝型油菜花药绒毡层和花粉粒形成的影响[J]. 作物学报. 1997. 23:513~518
[76] 闫先喜,梁作勤,田纪春. SC2053 诱导小麦雄性不育形态学和细胞学观察[J]. 华北农学报,1996,11(1):19-24
[77] Singh RB,Kaul MLH. Male sterility in barley IV. Anther form and development[J]. Plant Breed,1991,107:326~332
[78] 利容千. 几种农作物雄性不育的细胞学研究[J]. 武汉大学学报(自然科学版). 1978(1):83~96)
[79] Laster KD,Lersten NR. Anatomy and cytology of microsporogenesis in cytoplasmic male sterile angiosperms[J] Bot Rev. 1972. 38:427~454)。
[80] 湖南师范学院生物系等. 水稻雄性不育生理特征的初步研究[J] 遗传学通讯,1973,(1):32-37
[81] Goldberg RB,Beals TP,Sanders PM. Anther development:basic principles and practical applications. [J] Plant Cell. 1993. 5:1217~1229)
[82] 潘坤清. 水稻野收型雄性不育系花粉败育的解剖学和细胞学观察[J]. 遗传学报. 1979.6:211~215
[83] Warmke HE,Lee SJ. Pollen abortion in Tcytoplasmic male-sterile corn (Zea mays):a suggested mechanism. Science. 1987. 200:561~563
[84] 朱汉如,小麦化学杀雄技术的研究,《全国小麦杂种优势利用研究学术论文集》,《北京农业大学学报》,1985,11(4):169-176
[85] 肖建国,蒋爱湘,冯桂苓等. 化学杂交剂“津奥啉”诱导小麦雄性不育机理研究[J]. 华北农学报,1996,11(4):7-11
[86] 蒋爱湘,肖建国,周国雷等. Sc2053 诱导的雄性不育进程中过氧化物酶同工酶的研究[J].北京农业大学学报,1993,19(增):44～47
[87] Chauhan SVS,Kinoshita T. Anther ontogeny in genic,cytoplasmic and chemically induced male sterile plalnts[J]. Japan J Breed. 1980. 30:117~124
[88] Gourret JP,Delourme R,Renard M. Expression of ogu cytoplasmic male sterility in cybrids of Brassica napus[J]. Theor Appl Genet. 1992. 83:549~556
[89] 姚亚琴,张改生,刘宏伟等 K 型和T 型小麦雄性不育花粉粒形态与细胞学定位[J]. 中国农业科学,2002,35(2):123-126
[90] 黄铁成,王明理,张爱民等. 新型化学杀雄型—WL84811 诱导小麦(Triticum aestivam L.)雄性不育研究[J]. 作物学报,1998,14(2):155-162
[91] 徐如强,黄铁城,张爱民 “BAU-2”诱导普通小麦雄性不育的研究 Ⅲ化学杀雄机制[J]. 北京农业大学学报,1993,19(增):19-24
[92] 朱广廉,曹宋巽. 太谷核不育小麦不育株花药内游离氨基酸成分的比较分析[J]. 植物生理学报,1984,10(3):185-189
[93] 张明永,梁承邺,段俊等. CMS 水稻不同器官的膜脂过氧化水平[J]. 作物学报,1997,23(5):603-606
[94] 赵玉锦,童哲,陈化君等. 内源植物激素与光敏核不育水稻农垦58S 育性的关系[J]. 植物学报,1996,38(12):936~941
[95] 王熹 植物生理学报,1981,7:11-17)
[96] 刘忠松,官春云,陈新员. 植物雄性不育机理的研究及应用[M].北京:农业出版社,2001,
[97] Bino RJ,de Hoop SJ,et al. Energy metabolism in Petunia hybrida anther:a comparison between fertile and cytoplasmic male sterile development. In:Mullcahy DL,Mulcahy GB,Ottaviano E (eds). Biotechnology and Ecology of Pollen[J]. New York:Springer-Verlag,1986. 327~332
[98] 汤佩松 高等植物呼吸代谢途径的调节控制和代谢生理功能间的相互制约[J].植物学报,1979,62(2):93-106
[99] 田长恩,段俊,梁承邺. 乙烯对水稻CMS 系及其保持系蛋白质、核酸和活性氧代谢的影响[J]. 中国农业科学,1999,32(5):36-42
[100] Musgrave ME,Antonovics J,Siedow JN. Is male-sterility in plants re-lated to lack of cyanide-resistant respiration in tissues? Plant Sci. 1986. 44:7~11
[101] Connett MB , Hanson MR. Differential mitochondrial electron transport through the cyanide-sensitive and cyanide-insensitive pathways in isonuclear lines of cytoplasmic male-sterile,male ferile,and restored Petunia[J]. Plant Physiol. 93:1643~1640
[102] 夏涛, 刘纪麟. 玉米细胞质雄性不育性与组织抗氰呼吸关系的研究[J]. 中国农业科学,1988,21(5):39-43
[103] Kishitani S,Konno N. Inhibitors of cyanide-insensitive respiratory path-way induce male sterility in broccoli (Brassica oleracea) [J]. Japan Breed. 1990. 40:217~222
[104] 王秀珍,腾晓月等. 玉米及高粱花药中三磷酸腺苷(ATP)含量与细胞质雄性不育的关系[J]. 作物学报,1986,12:177~181
[105] 曲志才,粟翼玟 普通小麦T 型和K 型雄性不育系同工酶的比较研究[J]. 遗传,1994,16(6):20-23
[106] 傅鸿仪等 遗传,1980,2(3):28-30
[107] Alam S,et al,Crop Science,1969,9(2):157-159
[108] 戴尧仁,孙振荣等. 水稻二九南一号雄性不育系及相应保持系花药中某些呼吸酶和游离组蛋白的比较研究[J]. 遗传学报,1978,5:227~233
[109] Ohmasa M. Biochemical studies of cytoplasmic male sterility of maize:relation between cytoplasmic male sterility and mitochondrial enzyme activities[J]. Bull Natl Inst Agri Sci.,1982.,33:201~233
[110] Bino RJ,de Hoop SJ,et al. Energy metabolism in Petunia hybrida anther:a comparison between fertile and cytoplasmic male sterile development. In:Mullcahy DL,Mulcahy GB,Ottaviano E (eds). Biotechnology and Ecology of Pollen[J]. New York:Springer-Verlag,1986,327~332
[111] 姚亚琴,张改生 K 型小麦不育系花药壁细胞色素氧化酶的分布[J]. 西北农业大学学报,1997,10,15(5):1-3
[112] 赵双宜,粟翼玟,张燕君等. 萝卜雄性不育系个体发育中的同工酶研究[J],中国农业科学,1994,27(1):18-24
[113] 舒孝顺等. 内蒙古大学学报,1999,1:58-61
[114] 姚亚琴,张改生 K 型小麦雄性不育系及其保持系花药小孢子不同发育时期ATP 酶活性变化[J]. 中国农业科学,2000,33(3):97-99
[115] 陈贤丰,梁承邺 水稻不育花药中H2O2的积累与膜脂过氧化的加剧[J]. 植物生理学报,1991,17(1):44-48
[116] 陈贤丰,梁承邺 湖北光周期敏感核不育水稻花药能量和活性氧的代谢[J]. 植物学报,1992,34(6):416-425
[117] 段俊,梁承邺,张明永. 玉米细胞质雄性不育与膜脂过氧化的关系[J]. 植物生理学通讯,1996,32(5):331-334
[118] 柯德森,王爱国,罗广华. 活性氧在外源乙烯诱导内源乙烯产生过程中的作用[J]. 植物生理学院,1997,23(1):67-72
[119] 刘宏伟,张改生,王军卫等. 新型化学杂交剂GENESIS 诱导小麦雄性不育的初步研究[J]. 西北植物学报,1998,18(2):218-222
[120] 田长恩,梁承邺. 多胺对水稻CMS 系及保持系幼穗蛋白质、核酸和活性氧代谢的影响[J]. 植物生理学报,1999,25(3):222-228
[121] 张建奎,何立人,李正玮等. 温光型雄性不育小麦C49S 育性与花药SOD 活性的关系[J]. 西南农业大学学报,1997,19(1):54-58
[122] 张建奎,宗学凤,王俊义等 温光敏核雄性不育小麦花药中保护酶活性的变化[J]. 麦类作物学报,2001,21(4):26-30
[123] 赵会杰,林学梧,武跃廷等 小麦质不育系及其保持系花药中SOD 同工酶和脂质过氧化作用初步研究[J]. 华北农学报,1994,9(1):25-29
[124] 黄雪清,高东迎,杨安南等 吡喃酮类衍生物对水稻的杀雄作用与活性氧代谢的关系[J]. 植物生理学报,2001,27(2):161-166
[125] MACHACKOVA I,GANCEVA K,ZMRHAL Z.The role of peroxidase in the metabolism of indoel-3 acetic acid and phenols in wheat [J] Phytochem,1975,(14):1251—1254
[126] 孟金陵 主编. 植物生殖遗传学[M]. 北京:科学技术出版社,1995
[127] 谢学民 小麦杂种优势的研究与利用[M]. 北京:北京农业大学出版社,1993
[128] 黄厚哲,楼仕林 植物生长素亏缺与雄性不育的发生[J]. 厦门大学学报(自然科学版),1984,23(1):82~97
[129] 苏俊英,吕德彬,程西永等 化学杂交剂Genesis 和Sc2053 对小麦穗部过氧化物酶活性的影响[J]. 河南农业大学学报,2000,12,34(4):309-311
[130] 刘春光,吴郁文,张翠兰等 小麦D2型细胞质雄性不育系雄配子发育的细胞形态学特征和同工酶的研究[J]. 遗传学报,1995,22(3):199-205
[131] 陈良碧,周广洽,黄玉祥.温光条件对水稻安农S-1、衡农S-1 的育性及生理的影响[J].植物学报,1986,12(3):177-181
[132] 邓继新,刘文芳,肖翊华. HPGMR 花粉发育期花药ATP含量及核酸与蛋白质的合成研究[J]. 武汉大学学报(自然科学版),1990,(3):85-88
[133] 陈贤丰,梁承邺 .HPGMR 不育花药能量代谢,H2O2 的积累与雄性不育的关系[J]. 植物生理学通迅,1991,27(1):21~24
[134] Bino RJ,de Hoop SJ,et al. Energy metabolism in Petunia hybrida anther:a comparison between fertile and cytoplasmic male sterile development. In:Mullcahy DL,Mulcahy GB,Ottaviano E (eds). Biotechnology and Ecology of Pollen. New York:Springer-Verlag,1986,327~332
[135] 王学德 棉花细胞质雄性不育花药的淀粉酶与碳水化合物[J]. 棉花学报,1999,11(3):113-116
[136] 宋宪亮,孙学振,刘英欣 棉花ms5ms6 核雄性不育花药中碳水化合物和游离氨基酸的变化[J].棉花学报,2001,13(6):334-336
[137] 陶龙兴,王熹,俞美玉等 CM268 诱导水稻雄性不育的效果及作用机理研究[J]. 作物学报,2001,3,27(2):178-184
[138] 王强,李学刚,王邦俊 化杀1 号对棉花可溶性糖淀粉及叶绿素影响的研究[J]. 西南农业大学学报,2001,2,23(1):76-79
[139] 黄庆榴,唐锡华,茅剑蕾. 粳型光敏核不育水稻7001S 的光温反应特性与花粉育性转换及其过程中花药蛋白质的变化[J]. 作物学报,1994,20(2):156-160
[140] 黄雪清,高东迎,杨安南等. 化学杀雄剂III 号诱导水稻雄性不育过程中幼穗、颖花、花药中核酸和蛋白质代谢研究[J]. 作物学报,2001,27(6):827-731
[141] 骆炳山,李文斌,屈映兰. 湖北光敏核不育水稻育性转换机理初控[J]. 华中农业大学学报,1990,9(1)5:7-12
[142] 余国东,谭昌华,张宋华等. 重应温光型核不育小麦的育性转换及应用研究[C]. 北京:农业出版社,195-198
[143] 周培疆,凌杏元,张瑞阳等. 植物细胞质雄性不育的功能代谢及其分子机制[J]. 植物生理学通讯,1999,35(6):491-500
[144] Nishiyama I. Male sterility caused by cooling treatment at the young microspore stage in rice plants. XI. Effects of some substances on sterility [J]. Proc Crop Sci Japan, 1975,44:397-402
[145] 曹以诚,付彬英,王明全等 光敏核不育水稻蛋白双向电泳的初步分析[J]. 武汉大学学报,1987,14(7):73-80
[146] 王台,童硩 光周期敏感核不育水稻叶绿体的特异性蛋白[J]. 植物学报,1992,34(6):426-431
[147] 腾晓月,陈雪晖 T 型雄性不育小麦种子蛋白的电泳分析[J]. 中国农业大学学报,1996,1,1(1):11-15
[148] 腾晓月,陈雪晖 小麦T 型细胞质雄性不育系和保持系蛋白质的比较研究[J]. 作物学报,1996,5,22(3):265-270
[149] Fukasawa H. On the free amino acids in anthers of male sterile wheat and maizse. Jpn J Genet. 1953,29:135~137
[150] 伊藤延男(Nobuo Ito)1972,Male sterility caused by cooling treatment at the goung microspore stage in rice plant.Ⅷ.Free aimio acids in anthers.日本作物学会记事 41(1):32-37
[151] 广西师范学院生物系水稻“三系”研究组. 水稻“三系”及杂交水稻花药中脯氨酸的测定[J].植物学报,1977,19(1):25-27
[152] 宋宪亮,孙学振,刘英欣 棉花ms5ms6 核雄性不育花药中碳水化合物和游离氨基酸的变化[J].棉花学报,2001,13(6):334-336
[153] 罗光霞,李人圭,管和. 花椰菜(Brassica oleracea L.)雄性不育株和可育株的细胞学和生理生化研究[J]. 华中师范大学学报(自然科学版),1991,(3):91~97
[154] 彭业芳,王永锐. 光敏核不育水稻花粉败育中淀粉和蛋白质含量的研究[J]. 中山大学学报(自然科学版),1991,30(4):92~99
[155] 俞养玉,玉熹,陶龙兴等. CRMS 诱导水稻雄性不育研究III. CRMS 对水稻花药游离脯氨酸含 量的影响及其与花药败育的关系[J]. 中国水稻科学,1991,5(4):169-174
[156] 谢学民,奚海褔,黄建中等.化学杀雄剂对水稻花药氨基酸含量与育性的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报,1994,6(1):51-53
[157] 陈晓斌,曹有龙,贾勇炯等 白肋烟草雄性不育系的过氧化物酶同工酶和游离氨基酸分析[J].浙江农业学报,1999,11(2):76-79
[158] 席湘缓. 小麦雄性不育花药和花粉发育的形态学观察[J]. 山东农学院学报,1980,(1):15-21
[159] Ahokas,H.Cotyplasmic male sterility Ⅱ.Physiology and cytology of msmsl[J],Hereditas Lund,1978,89:7-21
[160] Brooks MZ.Comparative analysis of some of the free amino acids in anther of fertile and genetic cytoplasmic male sterilesorghum[J] .Genetics,1962,47:1629-1638
[161] Britikov EA,et al.proline in the reproductive system of plants.In Linskens,H.F.pollen physiology and Fertilization[J] .Amsterdam,North Holland Pub,Co,1964,77-85
[162] 李传友,孙兰珍 K,V 型小麦同核异质雄性不育系及保持系花药内游离氨基酸的比较分析[J].山东农业大学学报,1995,2,26(1):57-61
[163] Khoo U,Stinson HT,Free amino acids differences between cytophasmic male sterile and normal fertile anthers[J].proc.Nat.Acad.Sci.B.USA,43:603-607
[164] Duvick ND.cytoplasmic pollen male sterility ,in corn.adv.Genet,1965,13:1-56
[165] 夏涛,刘纪麟. 玉米细胞质雄性不育性的激素调控机制[J]. 北京农业大学学报,1993,19(增刊):17~22
[166] 徐孟亮等 湖北光敏核不育水稻幼穗发育中IAA 变化[J]. 华中农业大学学报,1990,9,(4):381-386
[167] 杨代常等 内源激素对HPGMR 育性转换和表达的调控作用[J],武汉大学学报,1990,(2):126-128
[168] Kojima K Changes of ABA. IAA and GAs levels in reproductive organs of citrus[J]. Japan Agricultural Research,1997,31(4):271~280
[169] 陈竹君,张明方,汪炳良等 榨菜胞质雄性不育入其农艺性状的研究[J]. 园艺学报,1995,22(1):40~46
[170] 李英贤,张爱民,黄铁城 小麦细胞质雄性不育与花药组织内源激素的关系[J]. 农业生物技术学报,1996,4(4):307~313
[171] Hamdi S,G Teller, J.P.Lonis. Master regulatory genes,auxin level, and sexual organogenesis in the dioecious plant Mercloialis annma. [J] Plant Physiology. 1987,85:393~399
[172] Hamdi S. Regnlation of IAA~oxidase activities: correlation with sexgenes, sterility determinants and IAA levels in Mercuialis annua[J]. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 1988, 26:639~644
[173] 张爱民,李英贤,刘健 化学杂交剂对小麦穗部内源激素的影响,《正在走向生产的杂种小麦》,第一届国际杂种小麦学术讨论会论文集,张爱民,黄铁城主编,1998,北京,249-254
[174] Ahokas H. Cytoplasmic male sterility in barley:Evidence for the involvement of cytokinins in fertility restoration[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science. 1982.79:7605~7608
[175] Sukla.A.and Sawhney.V.K.Abscisic acid:one of the factors affecting male sterility in Brassica napus[J].Physiol.Plantarum.1994.91:522-528
[176] 张爱民,李英贤,黄铁城 化学杂交剂诱导的雄性不育花药组织内源激素的变化[J]. 农业生物技术学报,1997,5(1):64-71
[177] 高夕全,张子学,夏凯等 雄性不育辣椒中几种内源激素的含量变化[J]. 植物生理学通迅,2001,37(1):31~32
[178] Singh S,Sawhney V. K.,Pearce D. W..Temperature effects on endogenous indole-3-acetic acid levels and stamens of the normal and male sterile “stamenless-2”mutant of tomat[J]. Cell and Environment,1992,15:373~377
[179] Ahokas H. Cytoplasmic male sterility in barley:Evidence for the involvement of cytokinins in fertility restoration. [J] Proceedings of the National Academy of Science,1982,79:7605~7608
[180] Singh S. Sawhney V. K. Cytokinins in a normal and the ogura (ogu) cytoplasmic male-sterile line of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) [J] Plant Science,1992,86:147~154
[181] Dauphin-Gherin. B. G. Teller. B.Durand. Different endogenous cytokinins between male and female Merchrialis anma L[J]. Planta,1980,148:124~129
[182] Shukla A. V. K. Sawhncy. Mctaholism of dihydraceatrin in floral buds of wild-type and a gemic male sterile line of rapeseed (Brassica napusl.) [J]. Journal of experimental botany,1993,44(266):1497~1505
[183] Singh S. Sawhney V. K. Cytokinins and abscisic acid in mots of the normal and stamenless-2 mutants of tomato[J]. Report of the tomatogenetic cooperative,1992,42:34~35
[184] Sun TP. Kaimaya Y. The Arabidopisis GAL locns encodes the cylasseent-kaurene synthetase A of gibberellin biosynthesis[J],Plant Cell,1994,6(10):1509~1518
[185] Nakajima M . I. Yamaguchi. S. Kizawa. Semi-quantification of GA1 and GA4 in male sterile antherds of rice by radioimmunoassay[J],Plant and cell Physiology,1991,32:522~513
[186] 黄少白,周燮 水稻细胞质雄性不育与内源GA1+4 和JAA 的关系[J]. 华北农学报,1994,9(3):16~20
[187] 李德红,骆炳山,屈映兰光敏核不育水稻幼穗的乙烯生成与育性转换[J]. 植物生理学报,1996,22(3):320-326
[188] 夏涛,刘纪麟玉米细胞质雄性不育性与乙烯的关系[J]. 华北农学报,1996,11(3):68-72
[189] 刘宏伟,张改生,王军卫等 GENESIS 诱导小麦雄性不育与幼穗中乙烯含量的关系[J]. 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2003,6,31(3):39-41
[190] 田长恩,梁承邺,黄毓文等 乙烯与水稻细胞质雄性不育的关系[J]. 作物学报,1999,25(1):116-119
[191] 田长恩,段俊,梁承邺 乙烯对水稻CMS 系及其保持系蛋白质,核酸和活性氧代谢的影响[J].中国农业科学,1999,32(5):36-42)
[192] 张爱民,李英贤 小麦雄性不育激素调控的初步研究[J]. 农业生物技术学报,1996,4(1):56-61
[193] Shukla.A.and Sawhney.V.K. Cytokinins in a genic male sterile line of Brassica nupus.Physiol.Plant,1992,85(1):23-29
[194] Dauphin-Gherin. B. G. Teller. B.Durand. Different endogenous cytokinins between male and female Merchrialis anma L[J],Planta,1980,148:124~129
[195] 赵会杰,刘华山,林学梧. 小麦胞质不育系花粉败育与活性氧代谢关系的研究[J]. 作物学报,1996,22(3):365-367
[196] Levings CS Ⅲ,Pring DR. Restriction endonuclease analysis of mitochondrial DNA from normal and Texas cytoplasmic male-sterile maize. Science,1976,193:158~160
[197] 刘忠松,官春云,大自然探索[J]. 1995,14(1):80-87
[198] H.厄皮特,殷宏章,王学臣译 高等植物的呼吸作用[M]. 北京:科学出版社,1984
[199] 胡适宜,王模善,徐丽云. 小麦雄性不育系和保持系的小孢子发育的电子显微镜研究[J]. 植物学报,1997,19(3):167-171
[200] 王俐,祁新红,刘根齐等 高粱雄性不育热激前后线粒体的变化与育性的关系[J]. 遗传学报,2000,27(9):834-838
[201] Bhadula SK,Sawhney VK. Protein analysis during the ontogeny of normal and male sterile stamenless-2 mutant stamens of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.),Biochem Genet,1991,29:29~41
[202] Song J,C Hedgcoth Genome,1994,37:203-209
[203] 司智海,刘植义. 普通小麦T 型细胞质雄性不育系及其保持系线粒体多肽的电泳比较研究[J]. 遗传学报,1991,18:44~50
[204] Zhang M F,Chen L P,Yutaka H,Cao J S,Chen Z J.Rapid detection of specific proteins expressed in cytoplasomic male sterile line of tuber mustard using SDS-PAGE[J].Zhe Jiand univ(Agric.&life sci.),2001,27(6):646-648
[205] 许仁林,姜晓红,师素云等 水稻野败型细胞质雄性不育系和保持系蛋白质多肽的比较研究[J],遗传学报,1992,19(5):446-452
[206] 杨毅,腾晓月,阎隆飞 V 型细胞质雄性不育小麦线粒体蛋白质研究[J],作物学报,2001,3,27(2):212-215
[207] Forde B G, Leaver C J. Nuclear and cytoplasmic genes controlling synthesis of variant mitochondria polypeptides in male-sterile maize.Proc.Natl.Acid.Sci.USA,1980a,77:418-422
[208] Forde B G, Leaver C J.Classification of normal and male sterile cytoplasms in maize,Genetics,1980b,95:443-450
[209] Forde B G and et al,Variation in mitochondrial translation products associated with male-sterile cytoplasm in maize,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci,1978,75:3841-3845
[210] Dewey RE. Timothy DH, Levings CS III. A mitochondrial protein associated with cytoplasmid male sterility in the cytoplasm of maize,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.,1987,84:5374-5378
[211] Leavings C S III The Texas cytoplasm of maize:cytoplasmic male sterility and disease susceptibility, Science,1990,250:942-947
[212] Hanson M R.Plant mitochondrial mutation and male sterility .Annu.Rev.Genet,1991,25:461-484
[213] Makaroff C A,Apel I J,Palmer J D.The atp6 coding region has been disrupted and a novel reading frame generated in the mitochondrial genome of cytoplasmic male-sterile radish J.Biol.Chem.,1989,264(20):11706-11713.
[214] Kohler RH. Hom R, Loosl A et al. Cytoplasmic male sterlity in sunflower is correlated with the co-transcription of a new open reading frame with the atpA gene,Mol Gen Genet,1991,227:369-371
[215] Mohr S, Schulte-Keppert ES, Odenbach W et al. Mitochon-drial DNA of cytoplasmic male-sterile Triticum timopheeve: re-arrangement of upstream sequences of the atp6 and orf25 genes,Theor Appl Genet,1993,86:259-268
[216] Song Jiasheng,C Hedgcoth. Plant Molecular Biology,1994,26:535-539
[217] Xue Y, Collin S, Davies DR et al. Differential screening of mitochondrial cDNA libraries from male fertile and cytoplasmic male sterile sugar-beat reveals genome rearrangements at atp6 and atpA Loci, Plant Mol Biol, 1994,25:91-103
[218] Senda M, Harade T, Mikami T, Genomic organization and sequence analysis of the cyochrome oxidase aubunit II gene from normal and male sterile mitochondria in sugar beat,Curr Genet,1991,19(3):175-181
[219] Makaraff CA, Apel IJ, Palmer JD. The role of CoxI associated repeated sequences in plat mitochondrial DNA rearrang-ments and eytoplasmic male sterility,Curr Genet,1989,19:183-190
[220] Krishnasamy S.Organ-specific reduction in the abundance of a mitochondrial protein accompanies fertility restoration in cytoplasmic male-sterile radish[J],Plant Mol.Biol.,1994,26:935-946
[221] Bailey-Serres J. Hanson DK, Fox TD et al, Mitochondrial genome rearrangement leads to extension and relocation of the cytochrome C oxidase subunit I gene in Sorghum[J],Cell,1986,47:567-576
[222] 凌杏元,周培疆,关和新等 运用AFLP技术筛选分离野败型水稻mtDNA中与雄性不育性状相关的片段[J]. 遗传,1999,21(2):33-36.
[223] 许仁林,国伟,汪训明等 杂交水稻及其三系线粒体DNA的AP-PCR指纹图谱[J]. 植物学报,1994,36(1):1-6.
[224] Akagi H. A unique sequence located downstream from the rice mitochondrial atp6 may cause male sterility,Current Genetics,1994,25:52-58
[225] Kadowaki K, Suzuki T, Kazama S A chimeric gene containing the 5 ′portion of atp6 is associated with cytoplasmic male-sterility of rice, Mol Gen Genet, 1990,224:10-16
[226] 李传友,谢纬武,孙兰珍等 遗传学报,1995,22(4):153-158
[227] 牛芝霞,杨天章,柴守诚 两种小麦细胞质雄性不育体系mtDNA 的RAPD 分析[J]. 西北农业大学学报,1998,6,26(3):1-4
[228] 王岳光,杨典洱,王琳清等 小麦辐射雄性不育系89AR 及其保持系和恢复系线粒体DNA 的RAPD 分析[J]. 麦类作物学报,2002,22(2):1-4
[229] 周时佳, 韩敬花. 太谷核不育小麦可育株,不育株及T 型不育系小麦同工酶的比较研究[J]. 作物学报,1985,6,11(2):109—114
[230] 范平. 普通小麦T 型和K 型胞质雄性不育系败育过程细胞学观察和同工酶检测[J]. 华北农学报,1996,11(2):2—10
[231] 沈银柱, 刘植义, 黄占景等 不同化学杂交剂(CHA)对小麦花药同工酶影响的研究[J]. 遗传,1999,21(5):41—46
[232] 杨太兴, 李继耕, 曾孟潜. 玉米不同细胞质雄性不育类型的同工酶分析[J]. 作物学报, 1982,12,8(12):269—275
[233] 胡适宜. 遗传学报,1977,19(3):167-171
[234] 冀耀如. 遗传学报,1979,6(1):22
[235] 秦太辰. 作物雄性不育性原理和方法[M]. 上海:上海科学技术出版社,1978,7-16
[236] 徐树华. 作物学报,1980,6(4):225-230
[237] De vries, A. PH. et al. Euphytica,1970,19:103-120