开级配沥青碎石防裂作用的细观数值模拟
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摘要
研究人员通过试验和宏观有限元分析认为开级配沥青碎石能够防止反射裂缝,却很少有人能从细观层面上做出解释。本文建立了开级配沥青碎石随机集料数值模型,并以此为基础,利用离散元理论分析了开级配沥青碎石防止反射裂缝的细观机理,以期道路工作者对该机理有更好的理解。
本文利用离散元程序生成了开级配沥青碎石(嵌挤状态)二维圆形随机集料模型,并根据开级配沥青碎石弹性模量和抗压强度,通过数值单轴试验拟合模型细观参数。本文用投放颗粒的思想更深入研究了建立松散圆形随机集料模型的具体方法,要求各个颗粒不互相重叠,并在圆形集料模型基础上通过延“凸”生成了凸多边形随机集料模型,以期对更深入地研究沥青混合料有帮助。
为将细观试件同宏观路面结构联系起来,本文利用位移法的思想,在宏观路面结构中划出一个方形细观试件,并保证细观试件与路面结构其他部分完全连续,利用有限元方法计算其在最不利荷载作用下的变形结果,并以此作为细观分析的加载条件。
基于不连续体系的离散元理论可以很好地分析开级配沥青碎石结构。对模型赋予细观参数、施加边界位移条件,经离散元法分析后,本文认为是开级配沥青碎石的大孔隙允许集料有更多的空间协调变形,从而防止裂缝的扩展。
使用离散元法从细观层面分析沥青混合料是一种较新的方法,相信会有很大发展空间,便于研究人员更好地理解沥青混合料。
By tests and finite element analysis for the macro-structure of pavements, researchers found that the open-graded asphalt macadam can prevent the reflection crack in asphalt pavements, but very few people can explain it on meso-level. A random aggregate structure model for the open-graded asphalt macadam was established in this thesis, based on this model, then the meso-mechanism that the open-graded asphalt macadam can prevent reflection crack was analyzed by DEM (Discrete Element Method) to help the researchers understand this problem better.
A circular random aggregate structure model in squeezed state was established by DEM, the meso-parameter of the model for DEM was fitted from the elastic modulus and compressive strength of the open-graded asphalt macadam by numerical uniaxial test. The specific method how to establishes loose circular random aggregate structure model was deeply studied in this thesis by throwing particles into the model, particles in the model should not overlap each other, random convex polygon aggregate structure model could be produced by the process of extension to convex polygon based on the circular model, it may be helpful for deep research on asphalt concrete.
To establish the relationship between the meso-model and the entire pavement structure, the idea of displacement method was used, a rectangle in the pavement structure model was taken as the meso-model, and it should be ensured to be completely continuous with other parts of the pavement structure model, then the deformation results of the meso-model in the worst loading conditions was calculated by the finite element analysis of the entire pavement structure, it was used to be the load conditions for meso-analysis.
DEM which is based on the discrete system can be well used to analyze the open-graded asphalt macadam structure. The discrete element analysis after the assignment of meso-parameters and loads to the model shows that the greater porosity of the open-graded asphalt macadam allows aggregates more space to coordinate to prevent extension of the crack.
It is a relatively new method to analyze the asphalt mixture by DEM on meso-level. It is believed to have a great development to help researchers better understand the asphalt mixtures.
本文利用离散元程序生成了开级配沥青碎石(嵌挤状态)二维圆形随机集料模型,并根据开级配沥青碎石弹性模量和抗压强度,通过数值单轴试验拟合模型细观参数。本文用投放颗粒的思想更深入研究了建立松散圆形随机集料模型的具体方法,要求各个颗粒不互相重叠,并在圆形集料模型基础上通过延“凸”生成了凸多边形随机集料模型,以期对更深入地研究沥青混合料有帮助。
为将细观试件同宏观路面结构联系起来,本文利用位移法的思想,在宏观路面结构中划出一个方形细观试件,并保证细观试件与路面结构其他部分完全连续,利用有限元方法计算其在最不利荷载作用下的变形结果,并以此作为细观分析的加载条件。
基于不连续体系的离散元理论可以很好地分析开级配沥青碎石结构。对模型赋予细观参数、施加边界位移条件,经离散元法分析后,本文认为是开级配沥青碎石的大孔隙允许集料有更多的空间协调变形,从而防止裂缝的扩展。
使用离散元法从细观层面分析沥青混合料是一种较新的方法,相信会有很大发展空间,便于研究人员更好地理解沥青混合料。
By tests and finite element analysis for the macro-structure of pavements, researchers found that the open-graded asphalt macadam can prevent the reflection crack in asphalt pavements, but very few people can explain it on meso-level. A random aggregate structure model for the open-graded asphalt macadam was established in this thesis, based on this model, then the meso-mechanism that the open-graded asphalt macadam can prevent reflection crack was analyzed by DEM (Discrete Element Method) to help the researchers understand this problem better.
A circular random aggregate structure model in squeezed state was established by DEM, the meso-parameter of the model for DEM was fitted from the elastic modulus and compressive strength of the open-graded asphalt macadam by numerical uniaxial test. The specific method how to establishes loose circular random aggregate structure model was deeply studied in this thesis by throwing particles into the model, particles in the model should not overlap each other, random convex polygon aggregate structure model could be produced by the process of extension to convex polygon based on the circular model, it may be helpful for deep research on asphalt concrete.
To establish the relationship between the meso-model and the entire pavement structure, the idea of displacement method was used, a rectangle in the pavement structure model was taken as the meso-model, and it should be ensured to be completely continuous with other parts of the pavement structure model, then the deformation results of the meso-model in the worst loading conditions was calculated by the finite element analysis of the entire pavement structure, it was used to be the load conditions for meso-analysis.
DEM which is based on the discrete system can be well used to analyze the open-graded asphalt macadam structure. The discrete element analysis after the assignment of meso-parameters and loads to the model shows that the greater porosity of the open-graded asphalt macadam allows aggregates more space to coordinate to prevent extension of the crack.
It is a relatively new method to analyze the asphalt mixture by DEM on meso-level. It is believed to have a great development to help researchers better understand the asphalt mixtures.
引文
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[3]李小青,贾海艳,邓海龙等.复合路面荷载应力的三维有限元分析.中国市政工程, 2007, (4): 4-6
[4]廖晓瑾,袁万杰.基于应力吸收层的旧水泥混凝土路面沥青加铺层结构分析.中外公路, 2009, 29(3): 87-90
[5]江晓霞.级配碎石防反射裂缝层的性能分析.公路与汽运, 2007, (3): 81-83
[6]张雅涛.级配碎石过渡层在水泥路面改造中的防裂性能研究.工程应用, 2006, (1): 51-52
[7]符冠华,陆庆,杨军等.夹层防治反射裂缝效果的应力分析.东南大学学报, 1999, 29(11): 106-113
[8]杨德生.旧水泥混凝土路面加铺沥青层防止反射裂缝常用措施的分析.华东公路, 2008, (1): 24-26
[9]帅立辉.旧水泥混凝土路面加铺沥青层预防反射裂缝的措施.公路交通科技, 2009, (3): 63-65
[10]吴宁,葛折圣,胡应德等.旧水泥混凝土路面沥青加铺层反射裂缝力学分析.合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版), 2005, 28(5): 518-520
[11]李善强,王选仓.沥青加铺层反射裂缝发展疲劳模拟试验研究.中外公路, 2009, 29(2): 190-193
[12]汤文,孙立军,陈继松.应力吸收层防治沥青加铺层反射裂缝的力学分析.公路工程, 2008, 33(4): 1-4
[13]刘光廷,王宗敏.用随机骨料模型数值模拟混凝土材料的断裂.清华大学学报(自然科学版), 1996, 36(1): 84-89
[14]高政国,刘光廷.二维混凝土随机骨料模型研究.清华大学学报(自然科学版), 2003, 43(5): 710-714
[15]孙立国,杜成斌,戴春霞.大体积混凝土随机骨料数值模拟.河海大学学报(自然科学版), 2005, 33(3): 291-295
[16]杜成斌,孙立国.任意形状混凝土骨料的数值模拟及其应用.水利学报, 2006, 37(6): 662-667
[17]李运成,马怀发,陈厚群等.混凝土随机骨料模型可视化方法.中国水利水电科学研究院学报, 2006, 4(4): 258-263
[18]马怀发,芈书贞,陈厚群.一种混凝土随机凸多边形骨料模型生成方法.中国水利水电科学研究院学报, 2006, 4(3): 196-201
[19]覃伟平,杨新华,陈传尧.一种快速的三维凸型混凝土骨料随机投放算法.水电能源科学, 2006, 24(3): 39-42
[20]徐文杰,胡瑞林,岳中崎.土–石混合体随机细观结构生成系统的研发及其细观结构力学数值试验研究.岩石力学与工程学报, 2009, 28(8): 1652-1665
[21]夏晓舟,章青,汤书军.混凝土细观损伤破坏过程的数值模拟.河海大学学报(自然科学版), 2007, 35(3): 319-325
[22]马怀发,陈厚群,吴建平等.大坝混凝土三维细观力学数值模型研究.计算力学学报, 2008, 25(2): 241-247
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