年产2.5万吨糖蜜味精厂废水治理和综合利用工艺设计
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摘要
我国土地资源紧缺，粮食消费增长过快，国内每年都要进口一千万吨粮食进行市场调剂。在这种状况下，利用资源发展糖蜜原料生产味精，可提高糖蜜利得价值和节约大量粮食，促进我国可持续发展战略的实施，具有着重大的意义。但在糖蜜味精生产过程中产生大量的高浓度有机废水，给治理工作带来较大的困难，对生态环境造成巨大影响。由于污染治理等环保问题未能完善解决，使糖蜜原料发酵生产谷氨酸的工艺未能加以推广和达到普遍工业化。
1、本文利用废弃物综合利用新技术，解决糖蜜味精生产中的环境保护问题。本文设计以节能、降耗、减污为目标，以技术管理为手段，引入清洁生产，消除糖蜜味精生产对人类和生态环境的影响。从而达到防治污染、提高经济效益双重目标。使糖蜜原料发酵生产谷氨酸的工艺得以推广应用，推动我国味精工业走向新的台阶。
2、本文从技术可行、投资合理、运行费用较低、管理简便等因素考虑，比较国内外高浓度有机废水的污染防治经验和实例，提出自己的见解。
3、味精生产主要的工业污染是高浓度有机废水，在治理工作中有较大的困难。我国现有的污染治理工艺主要采用生物方法和物理化学方法，但因投入大、运行费用高、较难彻底治理达标以及会产生二次污染等，技术推广应用受到限制。对此，本文利用废弃物综合利用技术，对多个方案进行优化，提出废液-喷浆造粒生产复合肥的技术方案。
4、本设计工艺具有产量高、效率高、能耗低、操作弹性强、占地面积少，简化工艺流程等优良特点，使污染物零排放和资源的回收，实现良好环境效益、经济效益、社会效益。
5、本文对优选的方案进行工艺设计，包括：工艺流程设计、物料衡算、工艺设备的计算和选型、能量计算等。
The land resource of our country is in short supply, the grain is consumed and increases too fast. Domestic import 10 million tons of grain adjust the market every year. Under this kind of state, utilize resources to develop the monosodium glutamate of production of material of molasses. Can improve the molasses profit and value, with economizing a large amount of grain, promote the implementation of the sustainable development strategy of our country, have great meanings. But produce a large amount of high density organic waste water while the molasses monosodium glutamate produces, bring greater difficulty to work of treatment of the waste water, cause the tremendous influence to the ecological environment. Because environmental protection problems, such as pollution control,etc. fail to be perfected and solved. Make molasses raw materials ferment and produce craft of glutaminic acid fail to be popularized and reach general industrialization.
1.This theses utilizes the new technology to solve the environmental protection problem in the monosodium glutamate production of molasses. This design with economizing the energy, reduces the consumption of raw materials, reduces pollution as the goal, regard technical management as the means. Introduce cleaner production, dispel and reduce the impact on human health and ecological environment of the monosodium glutamate production. Thus reach the double goal of controlling industrial pollution, increasing economic efficiency. Make molasses raw materials ferment and produce craft of glutaminic acid can be popularize and apply. Promote the monosodium glutamate industry of our country to go on new progress.
2. This theses from technical feasibility, investment rationality, operate and low expenses have, manage getting simple and convenient factor consider. Pollution control experience and instance of the relatively domestic and international high density organic waste water, Put forward the individual opinion.
3. It is the high density organic waste water that the monosodium glutamate produces main industrial pollution, bring greater difficulty to the pollution control work. Our country existing pollution control adopt biological method and physical chemistry method mainly, because the existing pollution control technological fund has high input, the equipment runs costly, difficult to be up to standard and produce secondary pollution, etc. The popularization and application of this pollution control technology are limited. As to this, this theses utilizes the new technology, through
optimizing and compare a lot of schemes. Put forward concentrate-spray plasm and making particles to produce the fertilizer technological scheme.
4. This craft have output to be high, high efficiency, energy consumption low, operate elasticity fine, little floor space have, simplify the technological process characteristic. Make pollutant no emission and resource recovery, realize good environmental benefit, economic benefits, social benefit.
5. Scheme to optimum seeking of this theses go on technological design, including: technological process design, the balance of the supplies is calculated, technics calculation and person who select of equipment, energy calculated etc.
1、本文利用废弃物综合利用新技术，解决糖蜜味精生产中的环境保护问题。本文设计以节能、降耗、减污为目标，以技术管理为手段，引入清洁生产，消除糖蜜味精生产对人类和生态环境的影响。从而达到防治污染、提高经济效益双重目标。使糖蜜原料发酵生产谷氨酸的工艺得以推广应用，推动我国味精工业走向新的台阶。
2、本文从技术可行、投资合理、运行费用较低、管理简便等因素考虑，比较国内外高浓度有机废水的污染防治经验和实例，提出自己的见解。
3、味精生产主要的工业污染是高浓度有机废水，在治理工作中有较大的困难。我国现有的污染治理工艺主要采用生物方法和物理化学方法，但因投入大、运行费用高、较难彻底治理达标以及会产生二次污染等，技术推广应用受到限制。对此，本文利用废弃物综合利用技术，对多个方案进行优化，提出废液-喷浆造粒生产复合肥的技术方案。
4、本设计工艺具有产量高、效率高、能耗低、操作弹性强、占地面积少，简化工艺流程等优良特点，使污染物零排放和资源的回收，实现良好环境效益、经济效益、社会效益。
5、本文对优选的方案进行工艺设计，包括：工艺流程设计、物料衡算、工艺设备的计算和选型、能量计算等。
The land resource of our country is in short supply, the grain is consumed and increases too fast. Domestic import 10 million tons of grain adjust the market every year. Under this kind of state, utilize resources to develop the monosodium glutamate of production of material of molasses. Can improve the molasses profit and value, with economizing a large amount of grain, promote the implementation of the sustainable development strategy of our country, have great meanings. But produce a large amount of high density organic waste water while the molasses monosodium glutamate produces, bring greater difficulty to work of treatment of the waste water, cause the tremendous influence to the ecological environment. Because environmental protection problems, such as pollution control,etc. fail to be perfected and solved. Make molasses raw materials ferment and produce craft of glutaminic acid fail to be popularized and reach general industrialization.
1.This theses utilizes the new technology to solve the environmental protection problem in the monosodium glutamate production of molasses. This design with economizing the energy, reduces the consumption of raw materials, reduces pollution as the goal, regard technical management as the means. Introduce cleaner production, dispel and reduce the impact on human health and ecological environment of the monosodium glutamate production. Thus reach the double goal of controlling industrial pollution, increasing economic efficiency. Make molasses raw materials ferment and produce craft of glutaminic acid can be popularize and apply. Promote the monosodium glutamate industry of our country to go on new progress.
2. This theses from technical feasibility, investment rationality, operate and low expenses have, manage getting simple and convenient factor consider. Pollution control experience and instance of the relatively domestic and international high density organic waste water, Put forward the individual opinion.
3. It is the high density organic waste water that the monosodium glutamate produces main industrial pollution, bring greater difficulty to the pollution control work. Our country existing pollution control adopt biological method and physical chemistry method mainly, because the existing pollution control technological fund has high input, the equipment runs costly, difficult to be up to standard and produce secondary pollution, etc. The popularization and application of this pollution control technology are limited. As to this, this theses utilizes the new technology, through
optimizing and compare a lot of schemes. Put forward concentrate-spray plasm and making particles to produce the fertilizer technological scheme.
4. This craft have output to be high, high efficiency, energy consumption low, operate elasticity fine, little floor space have, simplify the technological process characteristic. Make pollutant no emission and resource recovery, realize good environmental benefit, economic benefits, social benefit.
5. Scheme to optimum seeking of this theses go on technological design, including: technological process design, the balance of the supplies is calculated, technics calculation and person who select of equipment, energy calculated etc.
引文
[1] 祁国伟．2001年全国味精行业主要经济技术指标初探．中国调味品，2002，6：14-15，32
[2] 许玉东．味精废水处理工艺设计．环境工程，2002，20(3)：18-20
[3] 王倩 邓桂春等．味精废水处理技术进展．辽宁大学学报：自然科学版，2001，028(004)：294-299
[4] 陶涛 詹德昊等．味精废水治理的现状及进展．环境污染治理技术与设备，2002，3(1)：69-73
[5] 吴松平 古国榜．糖蜜废水生化法处理的现状和最新进展．环境污染治理技术与设备，2001，2(2)：1-8
[6] 阳小松 李必文．糖蜜酒精废水处理方案．广西蔗糖，2002，(1)：31-33
[7] 卢平 曾丽璇．糖蜜酒精废水治理现状及展望．环境污染治理技术与设备，2000，1(1)：52-55
[8] 石振清 王静荣等．味精废水处理技术综述．环境污染治理技术与设备，2001，2(2)：81-85，90
[9] 潘永刚 郑文添等．味精高浓度有机废水治理技术新途径．四川食品与发酵，2001，37(4)：48-51
[10] 龚盛昭 黄小文．我国味精废水治理技术进展．发酵科技通讯，2002，31(2)：-17-19
[11] Harada. Anaerobic treatment of a recalcitrant distillery wastewater by a thermophilic UASB reactor. Bioresource Tech, 1996, 55(3): 215,221
[12] Fitz. The effect of phenolic acid molasses spend wash concentration distillery wastewater remediationby fungi. Process Biochem, 1998, 33(8): 799-803
[13] Espinosa, A. Effect of trace metals on Gonzales, J.S; the anaerobic degradation of volatile fatty acids in molasses stillage. Water Science and technology, 1995, 32(12): 121-129
[14] Azzam, A.M. Aerobic treatment of molasses distillery waste water and biomass production. Journal of Enviromnental Science and Health, Part A: Environmental Science and Engineering, 1989, 24(8): 967-978
[15] Malnou, D. High load process using yeast for vinasses of beet molasses treatment. Water Science and Technology, 1987, 19(1-2): 11-21
[16] Munoz-Colunga. Effects of population displacements on biological phosphorus removal in a biofilm SBR. Water Science and Technology Nutrient Removal Proceedings of the 1996 18th Biennial Conference of the International Association on Water Quality(Part 1), 1996,34(1-2): 303-313
[17] Seyfried, C. E Large-scale anaerobic/aerobic treatment plants for wastewaters from a molasses fistillery, a pectin factory, and starch factories. Water Science and Technology Technical Advances in Biofilm Reactors-Proceedings of the LAWPRC conference, 1990,22(1-2): 353-360
[18] Ciftci, T. Nine years of full-scale anaerobic-aerobic treatment experiences with fermentation industry effluents Cifici, T.; Ozturk, Ⅰ. Author Affiliation: PAKMAYA Source, Water Science and Technology, 1995, 32(12): 131-139
[19] ZA,J. Wastewater management in a sugar beet factory. A case study of comparison between anaerobic technology. Water science and technology proceedings of the LAWPRC symposium on waste management problem in Agro-industries sep., 1990,ZZ(9): 123-130
[20] Jimenez. Influence of aerobic prcyreatmente with peniciniom decumbent on the anaerobic digestion of beet molasses alcoholic fermentation wastewater in suspended and immobilized cell bioreactors. Journal of Chemical Technology, 1997,69(2): 1993-202
[21] 中央广播电视大学化工(含轻工)类毕业设计指导书编写组，《化工(含轻工)类毕业设计指导书》，1986年8月：1-64
[22] 岑超平 许振成．糖蜜酒精废液资源化—制标准颗粒复混肥．环境科学研究，1998，11(1)：57-58
[23] 吴忠铨 梁建生．糖蜜酒精废液处理的探讨．广西蔗糖，2000，(3)：44-47
[24] 江永 黄福申．糖蜜酒精废液生产甘蔗有机复混肥的研究初报．甘蔗糖业，2000，4：22-28
[25] 李红光．糖蜜酒精废水浓缩治理技术．甘蔗糖业，1995，6：40-44
[26] 师国忠 王永泉等．利用味精尾液生产复混肥．中国环保产业，2002，6：34-35
[27] 保国裕．发酵废液浓缩直接制颗粒商品肥几项关键技术探讨．甘蔗糖业，
2001，(2)：36-41
[28]胡修慈等，《化学工程手册--蒸发》：26
[29]广东省糖纸食品工业公司编，《甘蔗糖厂工人技术读本 糖汁蒸发》，1976年7月：17-40
[30]《化学工程手册》编辑委员会．《第9篇 蒸发及结晶》．1989年10月：19-32
[31]袁庆辉等编著．《发酵生产设备》．第1版．1985年12月：50-90
[32]尹光琳 战立克 赵根楠．《发酵工业全书》．1992年10月：522-552
[33]华南工学院 大连轻工业学院等编著．《发酵工程与设备》．1985年10月：32-49
[34]化学工业部设备设计技术中心站 金国淼主编．《化工设备设计全书 干燥设备设计》．1986年5月：199-451
[35]上海轻工业设计院 上海医药工业研究院编．《干燥技术进展 第四分册喷雾干燥》．第1版．1977年10月：154-167
[36]郭宜祜 王喜忠编．《喷雾干燥》．1983年9月：235-265
[37]蔡亚军 胡景川．RFW-180型卧式热风炉的设计．茶叶机械杂志．，1997，3：2-4
[38]耿国森 冯泽泉．WRFL系列卧式热风的研制与开发．农机化研究，2002，2：87-88
[39]刘道德．化工设备的选择与工艺设计．1992年9月：232-241
[40]钟本和 魏文彦等编著．《固体磷铵的生产与应用——料浆浓缩法制氮磷复合肥料》．1986年12月：144-178
[41]刘学生 王加玉 许家秋．φ3.0m×13m喷浆造粒干燥机的改造．化工机械，1999，26(4)：227-229
[42]廖俊才 李克甫等．带“三内”装置的φ4.75m×18m喷浆造粒干燥机的设计．磷肥与氮肥，2001，16(3)：19-24
[43]南京化学工业公司设计院编．《普通过磷酸钙工艺设计手册》．1983年5月：365-417
[2] 许玉东．味精废水处理工艺设计．环境工程，2002，20(3)：18-20
[3] 王倩 邓桂春等．味精废水处理技术进展．辽宁大学学报：自然科学版，2001，028(004)：294-299
[4] 陶涛 詹德昊等．味精废水治理的现状及进展．环境污染治理技术与设备，2002，3(1)：69-73
[5] 吴松平 古国榜．糖蜜废水生化法处理的现状和最新进展．环境污染治理技术与设备，2001，2(2)：1-8
[6] 阳小松 李必文．糖蜜酒精废水处理方案．广西蔗糖，2002，(1)：31-33
[7] 卢平 曾丽璇．糖蜜酒精废水治理现状及展望．环境污染治理技术与设备，2000，1(1)：52-55
[8] 石振清 王静荣等．味精废水处理技术综述．环境污染治理技术与设备，2001，2(2)：81-85，90
[9] 潘永刚 郑文添等．味精高浓度有机废水治理技术新途径．四川食品与发酵，2001，37(4)：48-51
[10] 龚盛昭 黄小文．我国味精废水治理技术进展．发酵科技通讯，2002，31(2)：-17-19
[11] Harada. Anaerobic treatment of a recalcitrant distillery wastewater by a thermophilic UASB reactor. Bioresource Tech, 1996, 55(3): 215,221
[12] Fitz. The effect of phenolic acid molasses spend wash concentration distillery wastewater remediationby fungi. Process Biochem, 1998, 33(8): 799-803
[13] Espinosa, A. Effect of trace metals on Gonzales, J.S; the anaerobic degradation of volatile fatty acids in molasses stillage. Water Science and technology, 1995, 32(12): 121-129
[14] Azzam, A.M. Aerobic treatment of molasses distillery waste water and biomass production. Journal of Enviromnental Science and Health, Part A: Environmental Science and Engineering, 1989, 24(8): 967-978
[15] Malnou, D. High load process using yeast for vinasses of beet molasses treatment. Water Science and Technology, 1987, 19(1-2): 11-21
[16] Munoz-Colunga. Effects of population displacements on biological phosphorus removal in a biofilm SBR. Water Science and Technology Nutrient Removal Proceedings of the 1996 18th Biennial Conference of the International Association on Water Quality(Part 1), 1996,34(1-2): 303-313
[17] Seyfried, C. E Large-scale anaerobic/aerobic treatment plants for wastewaters from a molasses fistillery, a pectin factory, and starch factories. Water Science and Technology Technical Advances in Biofilm Reactors-Proceedings of the LAWPRC conference, 1990,22(1-2): 353-360
[18] Ciftci, T. Nine years of full-scale anaerobic-aerobic treatment experiences with fermentation industry effluents Cifici, T.; Ozturk, Ⅰ. Author Affiliation: PAKMAYA Source, Water Science and Technology, 1995, 32(12): 131-139
[19] ZA,J. Wastewater management in a sugar beet factory. A case study of comparison between anaerobic technology. Water science and technology proceedings of the LAWPRC symposium on waste management problem in Agro-industries sep., 1990,ZZ(9): 123-130
[20] Jimenez. Influence of aerobic prcyreatmente with peniciniom decumbent on the anaerobic digestion of beet molasses alcoholic fermentation wastewater in suspended and immobilized cell bioreactors. Journal of Chemical Technology, 1997,69(2): 1993-202
[21] 中央广播电视大学化工(含轻工)类毕业设计指导书编写组，《化工(含轻工)类毕业设计指导书》，1986年8月：1-64
[22] 岑超平 许振成．糖蜜酒精废液资源化—制标准颗粒复混肥．环境科学研究，1998，11(1)：57-58
[23] 吴忠铨 梁建生．糖蜜酒精废液处理的探讨．广西蔗糖，2000，(3)：44-47
[24] 江永 黄福申．糖蜜酒精废液生产甘蔗有机复混肥的研究初报．甘蔗糖业，2000，4：22-28
[25] 李红光．糖蜜酒精废水浓缩治理技术．甘蔗糖业，1995，6：40-44
[26] 师国忠 王永泉等．利用味精尾液生产复混肥．中国环保产业，2002，6：34-35
[27] 保国裕．发酵废液浓缩直接制颗粒商品肥几项关键技术探讨．甘蔗糖业，
2001，(2)：36-41
[28]胡修慈等，《化学工程手册--蒸发》：26
[29]广东省糖纸食品工业公司编，《甘蔗糖厂工人技术读本 糖汁蒸发》，1976年7月：17-40
[30]《化学工程手册》编辑委员会．《第9篇 蒸发及结晶》．1989年10月：19-32
[31]袁庆辉等编著．《发酵生产设备》．第1版．1985年12月：50-90
[32]尹光琳 战立克 赵根楠．《发酵工业全书》．1992年10月：522-552
[33]华南工学院 大连轻工业学院等编著．《发酵工程与设备》．1985年10月：32-49
[34]化学工业部设备设计技术中心站 金国淼主编．《化工设备设计全书 干燥设备设计》．1986年5月：199-451
[35]上海轻工业设计院 上海医药工业研究院编．《干燥技术进展 第四分册喷雾干燥》．第1版．1977年10月：154-167
[36]郭宜祜 王喜忠编．《喷雾干燥》．1983年9月：235-265
[37]蔡亚军 胡景川．RFW-180型卧式热风炉的设计．茶叶机械杂志．，1997，3：2-4
[38]耿国森 冯泽泉．WRFL系列卧式热风的研制与开发．农机化研究，2002，2：87-88
[39]刘道德．化工设备的选择与工艺设计．1992年9月：232-241
[40]钟本和 魏文彦等编著．《固体磷铵的生产与应用——料浆浓缩法制氮磷复合肥料》．1986年12月：144-178
[41]刘学生 王加玉 许家秋．φ3.0m×13m喷浆造粒干燥机的改造．化工机械，1999，26(4)：227-229
[42]廖俊才 李克甫等．带“三内”装置的φ4.75m×18m喷浆造粒干燥机的设计．磷肥与氮肥，2001，16(3)：19-24
[43]南京化学工业公司设计院编．《普通过磷酸钙工艺设计手册》．1983年5月：365-417