太湖流域环境政策的实施效果及对技术创新的影响
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摘要
随着经济的快速发展，环境污染问题越来越严重。环境污染的根源在于资源的无限制利用，资源的有限性彰显技术的重要性。环境政策作为解决经济发展和环境污染之间矛盾的有效工具，它的实施会在一定程度上影响技术的更新。环境政策的实施效果如何，其实施效果是否推动技术的创新已成为当今学者研究的热点。
太湖是我国第三大淡水湖，近年来，太湖水环境逐步恶化，相关部门制定了完备的环境政策。太流域境内工业发达，其六大重点污染行业中造纸及纸制品业位居第二位。本文采用环境保护强度方法对太湖流域环境政策的实施效果进行了评价，并引入计量经济学方法对太湖流域环境政策实施效果对技术创新的影响进行了研究。具体研究工作和成果如下：
（1）阐述了环境政策的类型，对几种典型的环境政策工具的作用机制进行了分析。对太湖流域环境政策进行了理论研究，同时对太湖流域制浆造纸业实施的环境政策进行了分析。
（2）采用环境保护强度方法对无锡市、嘉兴市制浆造纸业环境政策的实施效果进行了定量研究。通过与全国同行业平均水平相比表明太湖流域环境政策实施取得了较好的效果。
（3）以无锡市、嘉兴市环境保护强度作为环境政策实施的效果评价指标，引入计量经济模型，对无锡市、嘉兴市制浆造纸业环境政策的实施对技术创新的影响进行了实证研究，通过Eviews6.0计算结果可知，无锡市、嘉兴市环境政策的实施对就技术创新均有较为明显的推动作用，这表明太湖环境政策的实施对技术创新在一定范围内是有促进作用的。
With the rapid development of the economic, environmental pollution problem is gettingworse and worse. The root courses of the environmental pollution is unlimited use of resources,limited resources highlight the importance of technology. Environmental policy is an effectivetool which solves the contradiction between economic development and environmental pollution,to some extent, its implementation will impact technology updates. Whether the implementationeffect of environmental policies advances technology innovation becoming a hot topic of today 'sscholars.
Taihu Lake is the third largest freshwater lake in China. In recent years, the waterenvironment of Taihu Lake is deterioration gradually, View of this, relevant departmentsdeveloped a more comprehensive environmental policy. Taihu Lake Area’s industries are verydeveloped, pulp and paper industries rank second in Taihu Lake Area’s six key pollutingindustries. This paper uses the Environmental Regulation Stringency to assessment theimplementation of environmental policy effects of the Taihu Lake Area. In addition，this paperuses Econometric methods study the effects which caused by Taihu Lake Area EnvironmentalPolicy Implementation to technological innovation. Specific research and achievements are asfollows:
（1）Describe the types of the environmental policies, analysis of some typicalenvironmental policy instruments on the mechanism of action. Study on the environmentalpolicies of the Taihu Lake Area theoretically, simultaneously, analysis of the environmentalpolicies to the pulp and paper industries which implemented in Taihu Lake Area.
（2）Use the Environmental Regulation Stringency method to research the implementationeffect which caused by pulp and paper industries environmental policies of Wuxi and Jiaxingquantitatively. By comparing with the average of the same industries of China, EnvironmentalPolicies which implemented by Taihu Lake Area achieved good results.
（3）Wuxi and Jialing’s pulp and paper industries implemented many environmentalpolicies, and those environmental policies obtained implementation effects. Make Wuxi andJiaxing's Environmental Regulation Stringency as the evaluation index of the effects ofenvironmental policies implementation, use an econometric model, conduct an empirical study ofthe impacts on technological innovation which caused by those implementation effects. By thecalculation of the Eviews6.0, the results show that both of the implementation effects caused byenvironmental policies on pulp and paper industries which used by Wuxi and Jiaxing have inducing technological innovation. This indicates that, within a certain range, the Taihuimplementation of environmental policy will promote technological innovation.
太湖是我国第三大淡水湖，近年来，太湖水环境逐步恶化，相关部门制定了完备的环境政策。太流域境内工业发达，其六大重点污染行业中造纸及纸制品业位居第二位。本文采用环境保护强度方法对太湖流域环境政策的实施效果进行了评价，并引入计量经济学方法对太湖流域环境政策实施效果对技术创新的影响进行了研究。具体研究工作和成果如下：
（1）阐述了环境政策的类型，对几种典型的环境政策工具的作用机制进行了分析。对太湖流域环境政策进行了理论研究，同时对太湖流域制浆造纸业实施的环境政策进行了分析。
（2）采用环境保护强度方法对无锡市、嘉兴市制浆造纸业环境政策的实施效果进行了定量研究。通过与全国同行业平均水平相比表明太湖流域环境政策实施取得了较好的效果。
（3）以无锡市、嘉兴市环境保护强度作为环境政策实施的效果评价指标，引入计量经济模型，对无锡市、嘉兴市制浆造纸业环境政策的实施对技术创新的影响进行了实证研究，通过Eviews6.0计算结果可知，无锡市、嘉兴市环境政策的实施对就技术创新均有较为明显的推动作用，这表明太湖环境政策的实施对技术创新在一定范围内是有促进作用的。
With the rapid development of the economic, environmental pollution problem is gettingworse and worse. The root courses of the environmental pollution is unlimited use of resources,limited resources highlight the importance of technology. Environmental policy is an effectivetool which solves the contradiction between economic development and environmental pollution,to some extent, its implementation will impact technology updates. Whether the implementationeffect of environmental policies advances technology innovation becoming a hot topic of today 'sscholars.
Taihu Lake is the third largest freshwater lake in China. In recent years, the waterenvironment of Taihu Lake is deterioration gradually, View of this, relevant departmentsdeveloped a more comprehensive environmental policy. Taihu Lake Area’s industries are verydeveloped, pulp and paper industries rank second in Taihu Lake Area’s six key pollutingindustries. This paper uses the Environmental Regulation Stringency to assessment theimplementation of environmental policy effects of the Taihu Lake Area. In addition，this paperuses Econometric methods study the effects which caused by Taihu Lake Area EnvironmentalPolicy Implementation to technological innovation. Specific research and achievements are asfollows:
（1）Describe the types of the environmental policies, analysis of some typicalenvironmental policy instruments on the mechanism of action. Study on the environmentalpolicies of the Taihu Lake Area theoretically, simultaneously, analysis of the environmentalpolicies to the pulp and paper industries which implemented in Taihu Lake Area.
（2）Use the Environmental Regulation Stringency method to research the implementationeffect which caused by pulp and paper industries environmental policies of Wuxi and Jiaxingquantitatively. By comparing with the average of the same industries of China, EnvironmentalPolicies which implemented by Taihu Lake Area achieved good results.
（3）Wuxi and Jialing’s pulp and paper industries implemented many environmentalpolicies, and those environmental policies obtained implementation effects. Make Wuxi andJiaxing's Environmental Regulation Stringency as the evaluation index of the effects ofenvironmental policies implementation, use an econometric model, conduct an empirical study ofthe impacts on technological innovation which caused by those implementation effects. By thecalculation of the Eviews6.0, the results show that both of the implementation effects caused byenvironmental policies on pulp and paper industries which used by Wuxi and Jiaxing have inducing technological innovation. This indicates that, within a certain range, the Taihuimplementation of environmental policy will promote technological innovation.
引文
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[17]蒋洪强,王金南,葛察忠.中国污染控制政策的评估及展望[J].生态环境,2008,17(5):2090-2095.
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[22]李克国.中国的环境经济政策[J].生态经济,2000,11.
[23]吕军,虞春萍.湖北省农村工业化进程中环境经济政策绩效评价[J].评价与管理,2009,1.
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