循环经济视角下中国矿产资源安全供给研究
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摘要
人类是整个地球生态系统的一部分,地球环境为人类社会生产提供自然资源和生命保障体系,是满足人类需要的基础。矿产资源属于自然资源,是人类社会存在与经济发展永不可或缺的必需品,是国民经济发展的基石。随着中国经济的快速增长,经济社会发展面临的资源约束矛盾日益明显,已经影响到国民经济发展重要战略目标的顺利实现。如何保障国家矿产资源安全供给、缓解资源约束矛盾成为中国目前所面临的一个极端重要的问题。
循环经济是在深刻认识矿产资源消耗与环境污染之间的关系基础上,以环境保护和污染预防、实现可持续发展为目标,通过节约和循环利用矿产资源的方法提高资源利用效率,从源头预防污染产生和降低单位产出污染排放从而从根本上解决矿产资源安全供给问题而实施的一种经济发展模式,其目的是实现矿产资源的循环永续利用,确保矿产资源安全可持续供给。基于矿产资源循环永续利用的矿产资源安全供给体系的建立是一个复杂的系统工程,需要社会各界的共同参与和努力,建立起完善的政策法规体系,充分利用有效市场手段的引导和激励,促使单个的循环经济实体通过自身和彼此间的耦合形成循环经济园区再到循环型社会三个层次逐步建立起矿产资源利用的循环经济发展模式,从而确保矿产资源的安全供给。
文章首先归纳分析了循环经济的基本理论,包括循环经济的内涵、原则、循环经济对传统经济从资源耗用模式上颠覆性的挑战、循环经济的发展模式和分析评价方法等,为矿产资源耗用与安全供给的路径、激励体系提供评价、选择的理论基础。其次,文章从不同角度归纳总结了国内外矿产资源安全供给的基本演变规律、分析了循环利用资源及循环经济体耦合内聚对中国矿产资源安全供给的重要性、必要性和可行性。包括中国矿产资源供给现状分析及其模糊综合评价、循环经济体耦合内聚的博弈分析、循环经济体自身的发展规律及激励与约束条件、受宏观经济政策及技术发展水平影响的矿产资源耗用模式与安全供给路径。在此基础上,基于循环经济视角研究和探讨确保中国矿产资源循环利用与安全供给的路径模式与宏观政策体系,为和谐社会的经济可持续发展及资源耗用模式的评价与选择提供理论基础。最后,提出了确保矿产资源安全供给的循环经济系统观,建立了矿产资源循环利用与安全供给的宏观监管机制模型,探讨了矿产资源循环利用与安全供给的目标体系。
文章分为九个部分。第一部分为绪论,介绍了本文的选题背景和研究意义,国内外研究现状,研究的主要内容,所采用的主要方法和可能的主要创新点。第二部分为文献综述,从循环经济、矿产资源循环利用和安全供给三个方面来阐述。首先系统分析和梳理了循环经济的概念内涵和原则,对传统经济和循环经济做了系统的对比分析,然后再介绍矿产资源安全供给的基本理论框架和方法,再基于矿产资源的循环利用来寻找确保矿产资源安全供给的最根本性方法,为后续研究提供了理论基础。第三部分为中国矿产资源安全供给状态及发展循环经济的必要性,介绍了当今中国矿产资源安全供给中存在的严重问题及不利影响,从而从理论上明确基于循环经济视角的矿产资源循环利用是最终解决矿产资源安全供给的唯一有效方法。第四部分探讨矿产资源循环利用确保安全供给的可行性与必要性。确认了矿产资源循环利用是确保其安全供给的根本措施。第五部分基于微观层面分析循环经济主体之间循环利用矿产资源的内在机理及潜力,结合中国矿产资源安全供给的约束条件对矿产资源在中国减量化循环利用的模式进行探讨,在明确了约束条件的情况下寻找中国减量化循环利用矿产资源的模式,从而为探讨确保矿产资源安全供给路径获取进一步的理论支持。第六部分设计出微观主体间循环利用矿产资源确保安全供给的三层宏观模式与三层微观路径。第七部分设计了一个理论模型,从循环经济体的行为激励的角度探讨循环经济体耦合行为的有效激励模式及其约束条件,厘清其约束与激励机制,为循环经济主体间通过耦合的方式更有效地循环利用矿产资源建立相应的激励机制,通过政策法规手段和市场经济手段相结合的方法进一步诱导激励循环经济主体间合理利用资源,以确保矿产资源的安全供给。第八部分借鉴发达国家的循环经济激励机制建设的经验,利用博弈论的方法进一步探讨相关博弈主体间在循环利用矿产资源确保安全供给的多方博弈中的利益分割,为中国建立推进循环经济、促进矿产资源循环利用、确保矿产资源安全供给的激励机制进行宏观政策方面的对策研究。第九部分为结论,总结了本文研究所取得的主要成果,并提出了以后需要进一步研究的领域。
Human beings are part of the planet's ecosystems; the earth's environment is not only to provide natural resources for the production of human society, but also to provide life support systems for human beings. Mineral resources are natural resources and indispensable necessities for the existence of human society and economic development, and also the cornerstone of national economic development. With China's rapid economic growth, the resource constraints of economic and social development become increasingly clear, and have affected the smooth implementation of important strategic goals. It has become an extremely important issue to protect the national security of supply of mineral resources and to ease the contradiction of China's resource constraints.
Circular economy is an economic development model, which is based on the relationship between a profound understanding of resource consumption and environmental pollution, to achieve the goal of environmental protection and, pollution prevention and achieve the sustainable development, through conservation and recycling of resources used to improve the efficiency of resource use, and generated from the source to prevent pollution and reduce emissions per unit of output. The establishment of circular economy is a complex and systematic project, requires community participation and joint efforts. Through established perfect policies and regulations and effective market-based instruments, from three-level, a single coupling entity, coupled parks and social community, gradually establish a circular economy development model. Its object is to build a fundamental solution to the problem of security of mineral resources supply by the implement of an economic development model. Its aim is to achieve sustainable use of mineral resources in the cycle, to ensure safe and sustainable supply of mineral resources. The establishment of security of supply system is a complicated systematic project. It requires community participation and efforts to establish sound policies and regulations. It also needs the advantages of the efficient market means to guide and inspire and encourage the single cycle of economic entities themselves to build a recycling economy development model with three levels of recycling-oriented society, so as to gradually establish a mineral resource use system, and then to ensure security of supply of mineral resources.
The article firstly gives an inductive analysis of the basic theory of circular economy including the content of circular economy, the principle of circular economy, the disruptive challenges from circular economy to traditional economic model based on resource consumption, the development model of recycling economy, the analysis and evaluation methods of recycling economy. It can provide a theoretical basis of the evaluation and selection for the consumption of mineral resources and security of supply with the path of incentive system. Secondly, the article summarizes the different perspectives of the security supply of mineral resources from domestic to foreign. Thirdly, the article analysis the importance, necessity and feasibility of the recycling of resources and recycling economy coupled together for the security supply of mineral resources in China. It belongs the supply of mineral resources in China, the Analysis of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, game analysis of coupled cohesive of circulation economy entities, the development law of recycling economy, the incentives and constraints of recycling economy, the consumption model and security of supply path of mineral resource affected by macroeconomic policy and development level of technology. Fourthly, the article provides a theoretical basis of evaluation and selection for the sustainable development of harmonious social and resource consumption patterns based on the studies of the macro-policy system and the path model of safe supply and recycling for mineral resources in China. Finally, the author propose a system concept of circular economy to ensure the safe supply of mineral resources in China, establish a macro-regulatory mechanism model of the recycling and safe supply of mineral resources, gives a target system of the recycling and safe supply of mineral resources.
This article is divided into nine parts. The first part is an introduction, describes the research background and significance, research status, the main contents of the article and the main methods used and the main innovation. The second part is the basic theory; both the circular economy and the security of mineral resources supply and the incentive mechanisms have been elaborated. In this part, the concepts and principles of circular economy, the comparative analysis of the traditional economy and the circular economy have been sorted out and analyzed. And then the basic framework of the circular economy and the general description of the incentive mechanism of circular economy have been introduced, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the further study. The third part introduces the supply status of mineral resources security in China and the need for development of circular economy. The security status and the serious problems and adverse effects of China's mineral resources supply have been described, and the need for the development of circular economy was obvious. Thus it is easy to make the conclusion that the only effective way to solve the serious problems of the security of mineral resources supply in China is the ultimate recycling use of mineral resources based on circular economy. Based on the circular economy about domestic and foreign mineral resources, part IV attempted an expert evaluation of the security supply system of mineral resource for china to evaluation. An analysis of the domestic and foreign security supply safeguards for major mineral resources and a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of China's supply security measures of mineral resources have been given in this part. Further, confirmation from the perspective of quantitative analysis of mineral resources is easy to be made that Recycling of mineral resources is the fundamental measures of security supply for mineral resources in China. The fifth part is the research on reduction recycling mode of mineral resources based on the constraints of China's mineral resources supply security system. With clear case of constraints, it is easier to find the reduction mode of recycling mineral resources in China, so as to give further theoretical supports of exploring the path of the security of supply for mineral resources. Part Ⅵ is the analysis of the internal recycling mechanism of mineral resources between the economic entities based on the micro level. And then, a three-layers-micro-path of mineral resources recycling between the micro-economic entities was designed. The seventh part designs a theory model, by which an analytical framework was also provided to further study the circulation economy. The effective incentive and restraint conditions of recycling economy mode of coupling behavior from the perspective of behavioral incentives have been made in this part. And an incentive mechanism of circular economy has also been built in order to probe into the incentive system and the restrictive conditions of coupling-behaviors for circulation economic unions. And then a more effective way of recycling use for mineral resources has been built up through the incentives of coupling behaviors between economic agents. The eighth part designed a theoretical model with the use of game theory on measures to promote incentive mechanism of recycling use for mineral resources with the reference of developed countries' experiences. In order to ensure the supply of mineral resources, a model of game theory between the main players of the recycling of mineral resources has been built. The ninth part makes a conclusions of the summarizes of the main results achieved in this institute, and proposed future areas for further research.
循环经济是在深刻认识矿产资源消耗与环境污染之间的关系基础上,以环境保护和污染预防、实现可持续发展为目标,通过节约和循环利用矿产资源的方法提高资源利用效率,从源头预防污染产生和降低单位产出污染排放从而从根本上解决矿产资源安全供给问题而实施的一种经济发展模式,其目的是实现矿产资源的循环永续利用,确保矿产资源安全可持续供给。基于矿产资源循环永续利用的矿产资源安全供给体系的建立是一个复杂的系统工程,需要社会各界的共同参与和努力,建立起完善的政策法规体系,充分利用有效市场手段的引导和激励,促使单个的循环经济实体通过自身和彼此间的耦合形成循环经济园区再到循环型社会三个层次逐步建立起矿产资源利用的循环经济发展模式,从而确保矿产资源的安全供给。
文章首先归纳分析了循环经济的基本理论,包括循环经济的内涵、原则、循环经济对传统经济从资源耗用模式上颠覆性的挑战、循环经济的发展模式和分析评价方法等,为矿产资源耗用与安全供给的路径、激励体系提供评价、选择的理论基础。其次,文章从不同角度归纳总结了国内外矿产资源安全供给的基本演变规律、分析了循环利用资源及循环经济体耦合内聚对中国矿产资源安全供给的重要性、必要性和可行性。包括中国矿产资源供给现状分析及其模糊综合评价、循环经济体耦合内聚的博弈分析、循环经济体自身的发展规律及激励与约束条件、受宏观经济政策及技术发展水平影响的矿产资源耗用模式与安全供给路径。在此基础上,基于循环经济视角研究和探讨确保中国矿产资源循环利用与安全供给的路径模式与宏观政策体系,为和谐社会的经济可持续发展及资源耗用模式的评价与选择提供理论基础。最后,提出了确保矿产资源安全供给的循环经济系统观,建立了矿产资源循环利用与安全供给的宏观监管机制模型,探讨了矿产资源循环利用与安全供给的目标体系。
文章分为九个部分。第一部分为绪论,介绍了本文的选题背景和研究意义,国内外研究现状,研究的主要内容,所采用的主要方法和可能的主要创新点。第二部分为文献综述,从循环经济、矿产资源循环利用和安全供给三个方面来阐述。首先系统分析和梳理了循环经济的概念内涵和原则,对传统经济和循环经济做了系统的对比分析,然后再介绍矿产资源安全供给的基本理论框架和方法,再基于矿产资源的循环利用来寻找确保矿产资源安全供给的最根本性方法,为后续研究提供了理论基础。第三部分为中国矿产资源安全供给状态及发展循环经济的必要性,介绍了当今中国矿产资源安全供给中存在的严重问题及不利影响,从而从理论上明确基于循环经济视角的矿产资源循环利用是最终解决矿产资源安全供给的唯一有效方法。第四部分探讨矿产资源循环利用确保安全供给的可行性与必要性。确认了矿产资源循环利用是确保其安全供给的根本措施。第五部分基于微观层面分析循环经济主体之间循环利用矿产资源的内在机理及潜力,结合中国矿产资源安全供给的约束条件对矿产资源在中国减量化循环利用的模式进行探讨,在明确了约束条件的情况下寻找中国减量化循环利用矿产资源的模式,从而为探讨确保矿产资源安全供给路径获取进一步的理论支持。第六部分设计出微观主体间循环利用矿产资源确保安全供给的三层宏观模式与三层微观路径。第七部分设计了一个理论模型,从循环经济体的行为激励的角度探讨循环经济体耦合行为的有效激励模式及其约束条件,厘清其约束与激励机制,为循环经济主体间通过耦合的方式更有效地循环利用矿产资源建立相应的激励机制,通过政策法规手段和市场经济手段相结合的方法进一步诱导激励循环经济主体间合理利用资源,以确保矿产资源的安全供给。第八部分借鉴发达国家的循环经济激励机制建设的经验,利用博弈论的方法进一步探讨相关博弈主体间在循环利用矿产资源确保安全供给的多方博弈中的利益分割,为中国建立推进循环经济、促进矿产资源循环利用、确保矿产资源安全供给的激励机制进行宏观政策方面的对策研究。第九部分为结论,总结了本文研究所取得的主要成果,并提出了以后需要进一步研究的领域。
Human beings are part of the planet's ecosystems; the earth's environment is not only to provide natural resources for the production of human society, but also to provide life support systems for human beings. Mineral resources are natural resources and indispensable necessities for the existence of human society and economic development, and also the cornerstone of national economic development. With China's rapid economic growth, the resource constraints of economic and social development become increasingly clear, and have affected the smooth implementation of important strategic goals. It has become an extremely important issue to protect the national security of supply of mineral resources and to ease the contradiction of China's resource constraints.
Circular economy is an economic development model, which is based on the relationship between a profound understanding of resource consumption and environmental pollution, to achieve the goal of environmental protection and, pollution prevention and achieve the sustainable development, through conservation and recycling of resources used to improve the efficiency of resource use, and generated from the source to prevent pollution and reduce emissions per unit of output. The establishment of circular economy is a complex and systematic project, requires community participation and joint efforts. Through established perfect policies and regulations and effective market-based instruments, from three-level, a single coupling entity, coupled parks and social community, gradually establish a circular economy development model. Its object is to build a fundamental solution to the problem of security of mineral resources supply by the implement of an economic development model. Its aim is to achieve sustainable use of mineral resources in the cycle, to ensure safe and sustainable supply of mineral resources. The establishment of security of supply system is a complicated systematic project. It requires community participation and efforts to establish sound policies and regulations. It also needs the advantages of the efficient market means to guide and inspire and encourage the single cycle of economic entities themselves to build a recycling economy development model with three levels of recycling-oriented society, so as to gradually establish a mineral resource use system, and then to ensure security of supply of mineral resources.
The article firstly gives an inductive analysis of the basic theory of circular economy including the content of circular economy, the principle of circular economy, the disruptive challenges from circular economy to traditional economic model based on resource consumption, the development model of recycling economy, the analysis and evaluation methods of recycling economy. It can provide a theoretical basis of the evaluation and selection for the consumption of mineral resources and security of supply with the path of incentive system. Secondly, the article summarizes the different perspectives of the security supply of mineral resources from domestic to foreign. Thirdly, the article analysis the importance, necessity and feasibility of the recycling of resources and recycling economy coupled together for the security supply of mineral resources in China. It belongs the supply of mineral resources in China, the Analysis of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, game analysis of coupled cohesive of circulation economy entities, the development law of recycling economy, the incentives and constraints of recycling economy, the consumption model and security of supply path of mineral resource affected by macroeconomic policy and development level of technology. Fourthly, the article provides a theoretical basis of evaluation and selection for the sustainable development of harmonious social and resource consumption patterns based on the studies of the macro-policy system and the path model of safe supply and recycling for mineral resources in China. Finally, the author propose a system concept of circular economy to ensure the safe supply of mineral resources in China, establish a macro-regulatory mechanism model of the recycling and safe supply of mineral resources, gives a target system of the recycling and safe supply of mineral resources.
This article is divided into nine parts. The first part is an introduction, describes the research background and significance, research status, the main contents of the article and the main methods used and the main innovation. The second part is the basic theory; both the circular economy and the security of mineral resources supply and the incentive mechanisms have been elaborated. In this part, the concepts and principles of circular economy, the comparative analysis of the traditional economy and the circular economy have been sorted out and analyzed. And then the basic framework of the circular economy and the general description of the incentive mechanism of circular economy have been introduced, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the further study. The third part introduces the supply status of mineral resources security in China and the need for development of circular economy. The security status and the serious problems and adverse effects of China's mineral resources supply have been described, and the need for the development of circular economy was obvious. Thus it is easy to make the conclusion that the only effective way to solve the serious problems of the security of mineral resources supply in China is the ultimate recycling use of mineral resources based on circular economy. Based on the circular economy about domestic and foreign mineral resources, part IV attempted an expert evaluation of the security supply system of mineral resource for china to evaluation. An analysis of the domestic and foreign security supply safeguards for major mineral resources and a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of China's supply security measures of mineral resources have been given in this part. Further, confirmation from the perspective of quantitative analysis of mineral resources is easy to be made that Recycling of mineral resources is the fundamental measures of security supply for mineral resources in China. The fifth part is the research on reduction recycling mode of mineral resources based on the constraints of China's mineral resources supply security system. With clear case of constraints, it is easier to find the reduction mode of recycling mineral resources in China, so as to give further theoretical supports of exploring the path of the security of supply for mineral resources. Part Ⅵ is the analysis of the internal recycling mechanism of mineral resources between the economic entities based on the micro level. And then, a three-layers-micro-path of mineral resources recycling between the micro-economic entities was designed. The seventh part designs a theory model, by which an analytical framework was also provided to further study the circulation economy. The effective incentive and restraint conditions of recycling economy mode of coupling behavior from the perspective of behavioral incentives have been made in this part. And an incentive mechanism of circular economy has also been built in order to probe into the incentive system and the restrictive conditions of coupling-behaviors for circulation economic unions. And then a more effective way of recycling use for mineral resources has been built up through the incentives of coupling behaviors between economic agents. The eighth part designed a theoretical model with the use of game theory on measures to promote incentive mechanism of recycling use for mineral resources with the reference of developed countries' experiences. In order to ensure the supply of mineral resources, a model of game theory between the main players of the recycling of mineral resources has been built. The ninth part makes a conclusions of the summarizes of the main results achieved in this institute, and proposed future areas for further research.
引文
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