一种基于FHMIPv6的端到端QoS管理框架的研究
摘要
随着科学技术的飞速发展,Internet成为了一个全球通用的网络系统,各种移动设备也得到了广泛的应用,从而如何满足移动终端用户对数据通信质量的要求已成为新的挑战。为了适应越来越多的多媒体及实时应用,使得移动节点在切换过程和切换之后仍然能够有效的享有可靠、安全、及时、低成本的传递,则就需要在研究IPv6网络的同时,引入服务质量保障技术,本系统正是基于这一理念而设计的,因此,它具有十分广泛的用途和前景。
由于移动节点在移动IPv6中从移动检测到新转交地址绑定更新,从地址绑定更新到资源预留的完成之前,整个过程无法进行正常的通信,故此结合分层移动IPv6和平滑移动IPv6,提出了快速分层移动IPv6的服务质量体系,以确保通信的连续性;另外本文引入了上下文转移协议,以避免移动节点切换到新的MAP之后,需要在子网内重新建立服务信息,加快了用户要求传输的速度,使服务质量得到了保障;由于在分层快速移动IPv6中需要对MAP进行选择,经过与现有方法的比较,我们设计了新的MAP选择算法。该算法根据移动节点的移动特征和当前网络的拓扑特点进行MAP选取,减低了移动节点的服务延时,提高了网络的自治能力,更加合理的利用了分层快速移动IPv6中的MAP资源。
最后本文在NS2环境中对快速分层移动IPv6的服务质量技术进行了可行性分析和测试。分析测试的结果显示该技术是一种可行的技术,它改进了现有技术的不足之处,在无缝快速切换的过程进行QoS资源预留,保证了用户定制业务传输的服务质量。但是这项技术要得到实际应用中还有很长的路要走。
With the development of the modern science,internet becomes a world wide used networking system and various mobile communication devices are applied extensively in the network.It becomes new challenge how to satisfy with users' rising needs for mobile communication quality.Internet needs a more effective method to transport the high quality multimedia and real-time date stream.Especial in the mobile IPv6 field,to promote the communicate quality,firstly,it have to insure the mobile nodes enjoy the reliable,safe,timely and cost-effective transmission during the process of switching between the mesh network.So it becomes a necessary to introduce the QoS technology in the application of the next generation mobile network.Under this kind of consideration,this paper proposed a new QoS design thinking.We believe it would have a wide range of uses and inspiring prospects.
In the mobile IPv6 field,for the communication interrupted,from the mobile nodes address building and update process to the completion of the RSVP,mobile nodes can't normal communication.In order to insure communication continuity,this paper combines the smooth mobile IPv6 with hierarchical mobile IPv6,and presents an fast hierarchical QoS system.Besides,through application of CT-RSVP scheme,it avoids rebuilding database of the service information,accelerates the transmit speed and guarantees the quality of service.In hierarchical mobile IPv6,MN have to make a MAP selection during the switching process. Compared with the exited ones,we design a new MAP selection algorithm.It can choose the most suitable MAP base on the comprehensive various factors of MN and networking topology.The simulation results show the MAP selection algorithm can reduce the communication delay,balance the MAP' loads and make a good use of the resource of the MAP.
Final,we made the simulation to test and analyze the CT-RSVP solution under the environment of NS2.Through analysis,the result indicates the technology is feasible,more advanced and lower communication cost than the existing ones.But it is far from the practical product and need more search and work.
由于移动节点在移动IPv6中从移动检测到新转交地址绑定更新,从地址绑定更新到资源预留的完成之前,整个过程无法进行正常的通信,故此结合分层移动IPv6和平滑移动IPv6,提出了快速分层移动IPv6的服务质量体系,以确保通信的连续性;另外本文引入了上下文转移协议,以避免移动节点切换到新的MAP之后,需要在子网内重新建立服务信息,加快了用户要求传输的速度,使服务质量得到了保障;由于在分层快速移动IPv6中需要对MAP进行选择,经过与现有方法的比较,我们设计了新的MAP选择算法。该算法根据移动节点的移动特征和当前网络的拓扑特点进行MAP选取,减低了移动节点的服务延时,提高了网络的自治能力,更加合理的利用了分层快速移动IPv6中的MAP资源。
最后本文在NS2环境中对快速分层移动IPv6的服务质量技术进行了可行性分析和测试。分析测试的结果显示该技术是一种可行的技术,它改进了现有技术的不足之处,在无缝快速切换的过程进行QoS资源预留,保证了用户定制业务传输的服务质量。但是这项技术要得到实际应用中还有很长的路要走。
With the development of the modern science,internet becomes a world wide used networking system and various mobile communication devices are applied extensively in the network.It becomes new challenge how to satisfy with users' rising needs for mobile communication quality.Internet needs a more effective method to transport the high quality multimedia and real-time date stream.Especial in the mobile IPv6 field,to promote the communicate quality,firstly,it have to insure the mobile nodes enjoy the reliable,safe,timely and cost-effective transmission during the process of switching between the mesh network.So it becomes a necessary to introduce the QoS technology in the application of the next generation mobile network.Under this kind of consideration,this paper proposed a new QoS design thinking.We believe it would have a wide range of uses and inspiring prospects.
In the mobile IPv6 field,for the communication interrupted,from the mobile nodes address building and update process to the completion of the RSVP,mobile nodes can't normal communication.In order to insure communication continuity,this paper combines the smooth mobile IPv6 with hierarchical mobile IPv6,and presents an fast hierarchical QoS system.Besides,through application of CT-RSVP scheme,it avoids rebuilding database of the service information,accelerates the transmit speed and guarantees the quality of service.In hierarchical mobile IPv6,MN have to make a MAP selection during the switching process. Compared with the exited ones,we design a new MAP selection algorithm.It can choose the most suitable MAP base on the comprehensive various factors of MN and networking topology.The simulation results show the MAP selection algorithm can reduce the communication delay,balance the MAP' loads and make a good use of the resource of the MAP.
Final,we made the simulation to test and analyze the CT-RSVP solution under the environment of NS2.Through analysis,the result indicates the technology is feasible,more advanced and lower communication cost than the existing ones.But it is far from the practical product and need more search and work.
引文
[1]S.Shenker,C.Partridge,R.Guerin.Specification of Guaran2 teed Quality of Service[S].RFC 2212 of IETF,1997.
[2]S.Kent,R.Atkinson.Security Architecture for the Internet Protocol(IPsec).RFC2401 of IETF.November 1998.http://www.ietf.org/.
[3]S.Deering,R.Hinden.Internet Protocol Version 6(IPv6)Specification,RFC 2460of IETF,December 1998.
[4]D.Johnson,C.Perkins,J.Arkko.June,Mobility Support in IPv6,RFC3775 of IETF,2004.
[5]张淼,唐宏,龙薇等,移动IPv6技术概述.通信技术,2007.9.Page(s):26-28.
[6]杜蓓蓓,基于RSVP的移动IPv6服务质量研究,天津大学硕士论文,2004.2.
[7]Integrated Services in the Internet Architecture:An Overview Status of this Memo,RFC 1633 of IETF,June 1994.
[8]P S.Blake,D.Blake,M.Carlson,E.Davies,Z.Wang and W.Weiss,"An Architecture for Differentiated Services",RFC 2475 of IETF,1998.
[9]Multiprotocol Label Switching Architecture[S],RFC 3031 of IETF,October 2001.
[10]Z.Yan-Qiong,Y.Shou Bao,Hierarchi-cal Mobile IPv6 Network QoS Scheme,Computer Science,March 2004,Page(s):5-19(15)pp.
[11]M.H.Habaebi,Macro/Micro-mobility fast handover in hierarchical mobile IPv6,Computer Communications,March 2006.Page(s):611-617.
[12]Kumar,S.Singh,S.K.Bhattacharjee,A New Handoff Scheme for Macro-mobility Scenar- io IEEE Journal On Selected Area in Communications,April 2006.Page(s):5 pp.
[13]R.Braden,L.Zhang.Resource ReSerVation Protocol(RSVP)-version 1message processing rules,RFC 2209 of IETF,September 1997.
[14]R.Koodli,Ed.,Fast Handovers for Mobile IPv6,RFC 4068 of IETF,July 2005.
[15]C.Castelluccia,K.Malki,and L.Bellier,H.Soliman,hierarchical Mobile IPv6Mobility Management(HMIPv6),RFC 4140 of IETF,August 2005.
[16]Omae,K.Okajima,I.UmedaN,Mobility anchor point discovery portocol for hierarchical mobile IPv6,Wireless Communications and Networking Conefernce,2004.WCNC.2004 IEEE volume 4,March 2004.Page(s):2365-2370 Vol.4.
[17]曲昭伟,郑岩,吕廷杰,移动IPv6中的服务质量管理架构,北京邮电大学学报,2006.5.Page(s):135-139.
[18]丁岩军,周旭,周建彬等,移动IPv6环境下的QoS机制研究,计算机技术与发展,2007.1第14卷第1期.Page(s):40-45.
[19]R.Brade,L.Zhang.RSVP-Resource Reservation Protocol.1997.http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2205.txt.
[20]F.Baker,J.Krawcyk.RSVP Management Information Base using SMIv2.1997.http://www.apps.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2206.html
[21]F.Baker,L.Zhang,Resource ReSerVation Protocol(RSVP).1997.http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2209.txt
[22]姜旭东,基于快速层次移动IPv6的服务质量保证方案,浙江大学硕士学位论 文,2006.6.
[23] A .Talukdar, B. Badrinath, et al. MRSVP: A Resource Reservation Protocol for an Integrated Services Network with Mobile Hosts [J] , Wireless Networks, July 2001. Pages: 5-19.
[24] C.Shen, W.Seah, A. Lo, H. Zheng, M. Greis, An interoperation framework for using RSVP in mobile IPv6 networks, Internet Draft, work in progress, July 2004.
[25] C.Tseng, GLee, R.Liu, HMRSVP: a hierarchical mobile RSVP protocol, Wir eless Network 9 (2003).Page(s):95-102
[26] A.Terzis, M.Srivastava, et al. A Simple QoS Signaling Protocol for Mobile Hosts in the Integrated Services Internet[C]. IEEE INFOCOM'99, NY, 1999 .Page(s):1011-1018 Vol.3.
[27] W.Chen, LHuang, etal. RSVP Mobility Support: A Signaling Protocol for Integrated Services Internet with Mobile Hosts[C]. IEEE INFOCOM' 2000, Tel-Aviv, Israel 2000. Page(s): 1283-1292.
[28] M.Mirhakkak, N.Schult, et al. Dynamic Bandwidth Management and Adaptive Applications for a Variable Bandwidth Wireless Environment[J]. IEEE Journal On Selected Area in Communications, 2001. Page(s): 1984-1987.
[29] Castelluccia, C.A Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 Proposal, RT-0226 - A Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 Proposal, http://www.inria.fr/rrrt/rt-0226.html, November 1998.
[30] H.Soliman, et al. Hierarchical MIPv6 Mobility Management. IETF draft, draft-ietf-mobileip-hmipv6-08. txt, June 2003.
[31] Sangheon PACK, Byoungwook LEE, Yanghee CHOLProactive Load Control Scheme at Mobility Anchor Point in Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 Networks, IEICE TRANS,INE&SYST,June 2004. Page(s):2578-2585.
[32] ElMalki K, Soliman H. Simultaneous Bindings For Mobile IPv6 Fast Handovers. IETF draft, draft-elmalki-mobileip-bicasting-v6-05, October 2003.
[33] Y. Xu, H. C. J. Lee, and V. L L. Thing, A Local Mobility Agent Selection Algorithm for Mobile Networks, in Proc. IEEE ICC, May 2003. Page(s):1074-1079. Vol.2.
[34] Yen-Wen Chen, and Ming-Jen Huang, A Novel MAP Selection Scheme by Using Abstraction Node in Hierarchical MIPv6, Communications 2006 IEEE International Conference, June 2006. Page(s):5408-5412.
[35] Sun Wei, Zhu Xiaoli. The research of handoff based-on CT-RSVP in FHMIPv6, 2007 International Conference on Broadband Network & Multimedia Technology(IC-BNMT), September 2007. Page(s):295-300.
[36] Kumar, S.Singh, S.K.Bhattacharjee, A New Handoff Scheme for Macro-mobility Scenar- io IEEE Journal On Selected Area in Communications, April 2006.Page(s):5 pp.
[37] S.Elleingand, S.Pierre, FH-RSVP scheme for intra-site handover in hierarchical mobile IPv6 networks, Computer Communications, January 2007. Page(s):416-417.
[38] Jung H Y, Koh S J, Soliman H, et al.Fast Handover for Hierarchical MIPv6 (F-HMJPv6), Internet Draft, October 2005.
[39] P.P White, RSVP and Integrated Services in the Internet: A Tutorial, IEEE Communication Magazine May 1997.Page(s):100-106.
[40]"Red Hat Linux 9",http://www.redhat.com/docs/manuals/linux/RHL-9-Manual/
[41]SmarTraining工作室 梁如军,《Red Hat Linux 9网络服务》,机械工业出版社.
[42]"The Network Simulator ns-2",htto://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/,December 2003.
[43]《NS手册-中文版》,NS手册中文翻译委员会,2005.7.
[44]王晓燕 郑明春,《基于NS2的网络仿真研究与应用》,计算机仿真,2004.12.
[45]徐雷鸣 庞博 赵耀,《NS与网络模拟》,人民邮电出版社,2003.11.
[46]郭磊涛,《用NS-2模拟资源预留协议》,2002.06.15.
[47]"gnuplot homepate",http://www.gnuplot.info/.
[2]S.Kent,R.Atkinson.Security Architecture for the Internet Protocol(IPsec).RFC2401 of IETF.November 1998.http://www.ietf.org/.
[3]S.Deering,R.Hinden.Internet Protocol Version 6(IPv6)Specification,RFC 2460of IETF,December 1998.
[4]D.Johnson,C.Perkins,J.Arkko.June,Mobility Support in IPv6,RFC3775 of IETF,2004.
[5]张淼,唐宏,龙薇等,移动IPv6技术概述.通信技术,2007.9.Page(s):26-28.
[6]杜蓓蓓,基于RSVP的移动IPv6服务质量研究,天津大学硕士论文,2004.2.
[7]Integrated Services in the Internet Architecture:An Overview Status of this Memo,RFC 1633 of IETF,June 1994.
[8]P S.Blake,D.Blake,M.Carlson,E.Davies,Z.Wang and W.Weiss,"An Architecture for Differentiated Services",RFC 2475 of IETF,1998.
[9]Multiprotocol Label Switching Architecture[S],RFC 3031 of IETF,October 2001.
[10]Z.Yan-Qiong,Y.Shou Bao,Hierarchi-cal Mobile IPv6 Network QoS Scheme,Computer Science,March 2004,Page(s):5-19(15)pp.
[11]M.H.Habaebi,Macro/Micro-mobility fast handover in hierarchical mobile IPv6,Computer Communications,March 2006.Page(s):611-617.
[12]Kumar,S.Singh,S.K.Bhattacharjee,A New Handoff Scheme for Macro-mobility Scenar- io IEEE Journal On Selected Area in Communications,April 2006.Page(s):5 pp.
[13]R.Braden,L.Zhang.Resource ReSerVation Protocol(RSVP)-version 1message processing rules,RFC 2209 of IETF,September 1997.
[14]R.Koodli,Ed.,Fast Handovers for Mobile IPv6,RFC 4068 of IETF,July 2005.
[15]C.Castelluccia,K.Malki,and L.Bellier,H.Soliman,hierarchical Mobile IPv6Mobility Management(HMIPv6),RFC 4140 of IETF,August 2005.
[16]Omae,K.Okajima,I.UmedaN,Mobility anchor point discovery portocol for hierarchical mobile IPv6,Wireless Communications and Networking Conefernce,2004.WCNC.2004 IEEE volume 4,March 2004.Page(s):2365-2370 Vol.4.
[17]曲昭伟,郑岩,吕廷杰,移动IPv6中的服务质量管理架构,北京邮电大学学报,2006.5.Page(s):135-139.
[18]丁岩军,周旭,周建彬等,移动IPv6环境下的QoS机制研究,计算机技术与发展,2007.1第14卷第1期.Page(s):40-45.
[19]R.Brade,L.Zhang.RSVP-Resource Reservation Protocol.1997.http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2205.txt.
[20]F.Baker,J.Krawcyk.RSVP Management Information Base using SMIv2.1997.http://www.apps.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2206.html
[21]F.Baker,L.Zhang,Resource ReSerVation Protocol(RSVP).1997.http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2209.txt
[22]姜旭东,基于快速层次移动IPv6的服务质量保证方案,浙江大学硕士学位论 文,2006.6.
[23] A .Talukdar, B. Badrinath, et al. MRSVP: A Resource Reservation Protocol for an Integrated Services Network with Mobile Hosts [J] , Wireless Networks, July 2001. Pages: 5-19.
[24] C.Shen, W.Seah, A. Lo, H. Zheng, M. Greis, An interoperation framework for using RSVP in mobile IPv6 networks, Internet Draft, work in progress, July 2004.
[25] C.Tseng, GLee, R.Liu, HMRSVP: a hierarchical mobile RSVP protocol, Wir eless Network 9 (2003).Page(s):95-102
[26] A.Terzis, M.Srivastava, et al. A Simple QoS Signaling Protocol for Mobile Hosts in the Integrated Services Internet[C]. IEEE INFOCOM'99, NY, 1999 .Page(s):1011-1018 Vol.3.
[27] W.Chen, LHuang, etal. RSVP Mobility Support: A Signaling Protocol for Integrated Services Internet with Mobile Hosts[C]. IEEE INFOCOM' 2000, Tel-Aviv, Israel 2000. Page(s): 1283-1292.
[28] M.Mirhakkak, N.Schult, et al. Dynamic Bandwidth Management and Adaptive Applications for a Variable Bandwidth Wireless Environment[J]. IEEE Journal On Selected Area in Communications, 2001. Page(s): 1984-1987.
[29] Castelluccia, C.A Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 Proposal, RT-0226 - A Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 Proposal, http://www.inria.fr/rrrt/rt-0226.html, November 1998.
[30] H.Soliman, et al. Hierarchical MIPv6 Mobility Management. IETF draft, draft-ietf-mobileip-hmipv6-08. txt, June 2003.
[31] Sangheon PACK, Byoungwook LEE, Yanghee CHOLProactive Load Control Scheme at Mobility Anchor Point in Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 Networks, IEICE TRANS,INE&SYST,June 2004. Page(s):2578-2585.
[32] ElMalki K, Soliman H. Simultaneous Bindings For Mobile IPv6 Fast Handovers. IETF draft, draft-elmalki-mobileip-bicasting-v6-05, October 2003.
[33] Y. Xu, H. C. J. Lee, and V. L L. Thing, A Local Mobility Agent Selection Algorithm for Mobile Networks, in Proc. IEEE ICC, May 2003. Page(s):1074-1079. Vol.2.
[34] Yen-Wen Chen, and Ming-Jen Huang, A Novel MAP Selection Scheme by Using Abstraction Node in Hierarchical MIPv6, Communications 2006 IEEE International Conference, June 2006. Page(s):5408-5412.
[35] Sun Wei, Zhu Xiaoli. The research of handoff based-on CT-RSVP in FHMIPv6, 2007 International Conference on Broadband Network & Multimedia Technology(IC-BNMT), September 2007. Page(s):295-300.
[36] Kumar, S.Singh, S.K.Bhattacharjee, A New Handoff Scheme for Macro-mobility Scenar- io IEEE Journal On Selected Area in Communications, April 2006.Page(s):5 pp.
[37] S.Elleingand, S.Pierre, FH-RSVP scheme for intra-site handover in hierarchical mobile IPv6 networks, Computer Communications, January 2007. Page(s):416-417.
[38] Jung H Y, Koh S J, Soliman H, et al.Fast Handover for Hierarchical MIPv6 (F-HMJPv6), Internet Draft, October 2005.
[39] P.P White, RSVP and Integrated Services in the Internet: A Tutorial, IEEE Communication Magazine May 1997.Page(s):100-106.
[40]"Red Hat Linux 9",http://www.redhat.com/docs/manuals/linux/RHL-9-Manual/
[41]SmarTraining工作室 梁如军,《Red Hat Linux 9网络服务》,机械工业出版社.
[42]"The Network Simulator ns-2",htto://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/,December 2003.
[43]《NS手册-中文版》,NS手册中文翻译委员会,2005.7.
[44]王晓燕 郑明春,《基于NS2的网络仿真研究与应用》,计算机仿真,2004.12.
[45]徐雷鸣 庞博 赵耀,《NS与网络模拟》,人民邮电出版社,2003.11.
[46]郭磊涛,《用NS-2模拟资源预留协议》,2002.06.15.
[47]"gnuplot homepate",http://www.gnuplot.info/.