高炉煤气洗涤废水回用技术研究
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摘要
随着我国工业生产的迅猛发展,水污染日趋严重。而水资源的短缺已成为国家经济持续发展的制约因素,工业污废水处理后回用是解决水资源不足和缓解水环境污染的有效方法之一。本论文以包钢高炉煤气洗涤水处理系统为对象,进行了较系统的研究,以期解决包钢高炉煤气洗涤水的循环利用问题,研究获得了如下成果:
1、论文以国内外各钢铁企业高炉煤气洗涤水处理系统运行实践为基础,分析了高炉煤气洗涤水混凝沉淀处理技术的发展现状,以包钢高炉煤气洗涤水处理系统为试验对象,进行了静态和动态混凝沉淀试验,筛选出以聚合硫酸铁、聚丙烯酰胺、石灰复合混凝剂作为最佳的混凝剂处理包钢高炉煤气洗涤水,并通过试验确定了复合混凝剂最佳配比及最佳运行参数为:聚合硫酸铁10 mg/L、聚丙烯酰胺0.1 mg/L、石灰25～250 mg/L;pH=8.5左右;沉淀池停留时间:1.5h;混合槽停留时间:2min;反应槽停留时间:10min。
2、在最佳运行工况下:出水悬浮物(SS)低于120 mg/L,去除率在93%左右;出水有机物(COD)低于30mg/L,去除率在96%左右;达到高炉洗涤水质要求(指标为SS＜120 mg/L)。经过沉淀试验研究,处理过的洗涤水出水水质完全符合高炉洗涤水水质要求。
3、包钢高炉煤气洗涤水经过处理后循环使用,基本实现密闭循环但同时也造成了水质结垢加速、系统结垢严重的后果。因此对该洗涤水回用时进行脱垢问题的研究,使洗涤水脱垢后回用效果更好。其结论是:在动态试验的基础上,先投加聚合硫酸铁、聚丙烯酰胺、石灰作为复合混凝剂进行混凝沉淀处理后,投加25ppm水质稳定剂XF-B-01。一方面对包钢高炉煤气洗涤水系统钙、镁结垢的处理十分有效,起到了降低结垢速率的作用。另一方面对锌有非常良好的分散稳定作用,能起到“使锌结垢速率降低,逐渐达到不结垢状态”的作用。
4、对混凝处理高炉煤气洗涤水污泥处理工艺进行改进,实施了提高压滤机运行效率的可行性措施,实现年节约滤板20块,滤机每月连续运行时间600h,出泥量达到月产4500t的水平。
With a quick development of our country's industry, water pollution has turned out to be increasingly serious. And the short of water resources is becoming one of bottlenecks in a sustained development of our country's economy. Re-use of treated polluted and waste water of industry is one of the most effective methods to solve and relieve the water problems mentioned above. In order to have a cycle use of the blast furnace gas washing water of Baogang, the paper has systematically investigated and studied the existent blast furnace gas washing water-processing system in Baogang, resulting in as following:
1. Based on the performance and practice of blast furnace gas washing water processing systems form various steel enterprises home and abroad, present development situation of treatment technology of concrete precipitate of blast furnace gas washing water is analyzed; on the blast furnace gas washing water-processing system in Baogang, Experiments of static and dynamic concrete precipitating have been carried on, having chosen poly Ferro, Polyacrylamide, lime compound concrete agent as the best concrete agent to treat the blast furnace gas washing water and having proved that the best blending rate of the compound concrete agent as well as the best operating parameters: poly Ferro sulphate 10 mg/L, Polyacrylamide 0.1 mg/L, lime 25～250 mg/L; pH = about 8.5; remaining time in precipitating tank: 1.5h; remaining time in mixing trough: 2mm; remaining time in reacting trough: 10 min.
2.Under the best operating situation: out water suspended substance (SS) is lower than 120 mg/L with removing rate of about 93%; out water organic substance (COD) is lower than 30 mg/L with removing rate of about 96%; both above have met the requirement of blast furnace washing water quality the index of which is that SS is less than 120 mg/L. The research has proved that the quality of the processed washing water totally meets the requirement of blast furnace washing water.
3.The closed cycle use of the processed blast furnace gas washing water is basically realized, but at same time, the serious subsequence of increased incrustation forming in the system is coming out. Therefore, the research has been done for prevention of the incrustation forming and the conclusion is that: Based on the dynamic experiment, after the treatment of the concrete precipitating with the fed in Poly Ferro, Polyacrylamide and lime as the compound concrete agent, 25ppm of water quality stabilizing agent XF-B-01 is put in. By doing this, the treatment of calcium and magnesium incrustation forming in the Baogang blast furnace gas washing water system becomes quite effective having decreased the speed of incrustation, and on the other hand, effect of dispersion and stabilization of zinc comes into being with gradually getting rid of zinc incrustation as a result.
4. Improvement of the treatment technology of sludge in blast furnace gas washing water is made and feasible measures of increasing operating efficiency of the squeezing strainer is implemented saving 20 strainer cores annually, keeping the strainer working for 600 hours without any interruption monthly and reaching a level of output of 4500 tons of sludge per month.
1、论文以国内外各钢铁企业高炉煤气洗涤水处理系统运行实践为基础,分析了高炉煤气洗涤水混凝沉淀处理技术的发展现状,以包钢高炉煤气洗涤水处理系统为试验对象,进行了静态和动态混凝沉淀试验,筛选出以聚合硫酸铁、聚丙烯酰胺、石灰复合混凝剂作为最佳的混凝剂处理包钢高炉煤气洗涤水,并通过试验确定了复合混凝剂最佳配比及最佳运行参数为:聚合硫酸铁10 mg/L、聚丙烯酰胺0.1 mg/L、石灰25～250 mg/L;pH=8.5左右;沉淀池停留时间:1.5h;混合槽停留时间:2min;反应槽停留时间:10min。
2、在最佳运行工况下:出水悬浮物(SS)低于120 mg/L,去除率在93%左右;出水有机物(COD)低于30mg/L,去除率在96%左右;达到高炉洗涤水质要求(指标为SS＜120 mg/L)。经过沉淀试验研究,处理过的洗涤水出水水质完全符合高炉洗涤水水质要求。
3、包钢高炉煤气洗涤水经过处理后循环使用,基本实现密闭循环但同时也造成了水质结垢加速、系统结垢严重的后果。因此对该洗涤水回用时进行脱垢问题的研究,使洗涤水脱垢后回用效果更好。其结论是:在动态试验的基础上,先投加聚合硫酸铁、聚丙烯酰胺、石灰作为复合混凝剂进行混凝沉淀处理后,投加25ppm水质稳定剂XF-B-01。一方面对包钢高炉煤气洗涤水系统钙、镁结垢的处理十分有效,起到了降低结垢速率的作用。另一方面对锌有非常良好的分散稳定作用,能起到“使锌结垢速率降低,逐渐达到不结垢状态”的作用。
4、对混凝处理高炉煤气洗涤水污泥处理工艺进行改进,实施了提高压滤机运行效率的可行性措施,实现年节约滤板20块,滤机每月连续运行时间600h,出泥量达到月产4500t的水平。
With a quick development of our country's industry, water pollution has turned out to be increasingly serious. And the short of water resources is becoming one of bottlenecks in a sustained development of our country's economy. Re-use of treated polluted and waste water of industry is one of the most effective methods to solve and relieve the water problems mentioned above. In order to have a cycle use of the blast furnace gas washing water of Baogang, the paper has systematically investigated and studied the existent blast furnace gas washing water-processing system in Baogang, resulting in as following:
1. Based on the performance and practice of blast furnace gas washing water processing systems form various steel enterprises home and abroad, present development situation of treatment technology of concrete precipitate of blast furnace gas washing water is analyzed; on the blast furnace gas washing water-processing system in Baogang, Experiments of static and dynamic concrete precipitating have been carried on, having chosen poly Ferro, Polyacrylamide, lime compound concrete agent as the best concrete agent to treat the blast furnace gas washing water and having proved that the best blending rate of the compound concrete agent as well as the best operating parameters: poly Ferro sulphate 10 mg/L, Polyacrylamide 0.1 mg/L, lime 25～250 mg/L; pH = about 8.5; remaining time in precipitating tank: 1.5h; remaining time in mixing trough: 2mm; remaining time in reacting trough: 10 min.
2.Under the best operating situation: out water suspended substance (SS) is lower than 120 mg/L with removing rate of about 93%; out water organic substance (COD) is lower than 30 mg/L with removing rate of about 96%; both above have met the requirement of blast furnace washing water quality the index of which is that SS is less than 120 mg/L. The research has proved that the quality of the processed washing water totally meets the requirement of blast furnace washing water.
3.The closed cycle use of the processed blast furnace gas washing water is basically realized, but at same time, the serious subsequence of increased incrustation forming in the system is coming out. Therefore, the research has been done for prevention of the incrustation forming and the conclusion is that: Based on the dynamic experiment, after the treatment of the concrete precipitating with the fed in Poly Ferro, Polyacrylamide and lime as the compound concrete agent, 25ppm of water quality stabilizing agent XF-B-01 is put in. By doing this, the treatment of calcium and magnesium incrustation forming in the Baogang blast furnace gas washing water system becomes quite effective having decreased the speed of incrustation, and on the other hand, effect of dispersion and stabilization of zinc comes into being with gradually getting rid of zinc incrustation as a result.
4. Improvement of the treatment technology of sludge in blast furnace gas washing water is made and feasible measures of increasing operating efficiency of the squeezing strainer is implemented saving 20 strainer cores annually, keeping the strainer working for 600 hours without any interruption monthly and reaching a level of output of 4500 tons of sludge per month.
引文
[1]邹家庆.工业废水处理技术.北京:化学工业出版社.2003.7
[2]金兆丰,余志荣.污水处理组合工艺及工程实例.北京:化学工业出版社.2003.4
[3]雷乐成,杨岳平,李伟.污水回用新技术及工程设计.北京:化学工业出版社.2002.7
[4]国家环境保护局.钢铁工业废水治理.中国环境科学出版社.1992年
[5]国家环境保护局.高炉煤气净化与洗气水处理技术.中国环境科学出版社.1991年
[6]黄廷林.高炉煤气洗涤废水的处理技术.中国给水排水.1999.15(3)
[7]王果庭.胶体稳定性.科学出版社.1990:149-188.
[8]王一平.工业水处理.1998.8(1):54.
[9]李葵英.界面与胶体的物理化学.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社.1999:190.
[10]姚重华.废水处理单元过程.北京:化学工业出版社.2001:17-37.
[11]T.佐藤,R.J.鲁赫.聚合物吸附对胶态分散体稳定性的影响.科学出版社.1990:98-105
[12]刘长江,樊耀亭,刘相平.无机盐工业.1991(5):8.
[13]周本省.工业水处理技术.化学工业出版社.2002年
[14]胡万里.混凝.混凝剂.混凝设备.北京:化学工业出版社.2001:58-60.
[15]唐受印,汪大翠.废水处理工程.北京:化学工业出版社.1998:27-69
[16]常青,傅金镒,郦兆龙.絮凝原理.兰州;兰州大学出版社.1992:44-194.
[17]李燕诚.水处理试验技术.中国建筑工业出版社.1990年
[18]顾夏声.水处理工程(M).北京:中国环境科学出版社.1990年
[19]罗辉荣.混凝搅拌实验方法的探讨.工业水处理.1984:30
[20]韩保玖.烧杯搅拌实验的发展.中国给水排水.1995:7
[21]T.R.Camp.Flocculation and Flocculation Basins.ASCE.1995:1201
[22]周莹,王孙巍,王严军.快速搅拌对混凝-絮凝最佳处理效果的影响研究.北方环境.2000.20(5):36-39
[23]管锡等.混凝处理水亚铁盐(泛黄)问题.环境科学.1990.3:38
[24]宁天禄.聚合硫酸铁在工业废水处理中的应用.西南给排水.1994.4:23
[25]美国梅特卡夫和埃迪公司编写,秦裕玲译.废水工程—处理、处置及回用(M).北京:北京工业大学出版社.1986
[26]彭定一.高分子助凝剂对混凝分离效果的影响.中国纺织大学.1992.6:
[27]武江津,王凯军,丁庭华.三废处理工程技术手册.废水卷二.北京:化学工业出版社.2000:267-276
[28]翟莹雪,翟由涛.废水处理设施出水设计参数的讨论.黑龙江环境通报.2000.24(4):15-17
[29]贾小成,孙中党,张检.废水综合治理技术开发与应用.环境工程.2000.22(6):25-26
[30]邓洪奴,杨平,潘永亮.废水生物处理技术研究进展.重庆环境科学.2000.22(6):46-49
[31]王九思,陈学民,肖举强,伏小勇.水处理化学.北京:化学工业出版社.2002.5
[32]国家环保局编.水和废水监测分析方法(M).北京中国环境科学出版社.1988
[33]李洪峰.高炉煤气洗涤循环水处理中水质稳定的探讨.冶金动力.2005.5
[34]张景来,王剑波,常冠钦,刘平.冶金工业污水处理技术及工程实例.北京:化学工业出版社.1993
[35]雷仲存,钱凯,刘念华.工业水处理原理及应用.北京:化学工业出版社.2003
[36]唐受印,戴友芝.工业循环冷却水处理.北京:化学工业出版社.2003
[37]张世贤,王兆英.水分析化学.北京:中国建筑工业出版社.1993
[38]石国乐,张凤英.给水排水物理化学.北京:中国建筑工业出版社.1991
[39]Harrison.J.L..Iron and steel works control:water and effluents.Steel Times 202(1974)557-567
[40]Metzner.A.V..Removingsoluble metals from wastewater.WaterSew.works(April 1997):98-101
[41]Patterson J.W.,H.E.Allen.and J.J.Scala..Carbonate precipitation for heavy metals pollutants.J.Water Poll.Control.F ed.49(1977):2397-2410
[42]王文丰,黄翠萍.螯合沉淀法处理含金属离子废水.中国给水排水.2002.11
[43]张光华.水处理化学品制备与应用指南.北京:中国石化出版社.2003
[2]金兆丰,余志荣.污水处理组合工艺及工程实例.北京:化学工业出版社.2003.4
[3]雷乐成,杨岳平,李伟.污水回用新技术及工程设计.北京:化学工业出版社.2002.7
[4]国家环境保护局.钢铁工业废水治理.中国环境科学出版社.1992年
[5]国家环境保护局.高炉煤气净化与洗气水处理技术.中国环境科学出版社.1991年
[6]黄廷林.高炉煤气洗涤废水的处理技术.中国给水排水.1999.15(3)
[7]王果庭.胶体稳定性.科学出版社.1990:149-188.
[8]王一平.工业水处理.1998.8(1):54.
[9]李葵英.界面与胶体的物理化学.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社.1999:190.
[10]姚重华.废水处理单元过程.北京:化学工业出版社.2001:17-37.
[11]T.佐藤,R.J.鲁赫.聚合物吸附对胶态分散体稳定性的影响.科学出版社.1990:98-105
[12]刘长江,樊耀亭,刘相平.无机盐工业.1991(5):8.
[13]周本省.工业水处理技术.化学工业出版社.2002年
[14]胡万里.混凝.混凝剂.混凝设备.北京:化学工业出版社.2001:58-60.
[15]唐受印,汪大翠.废水处理工程.北京:化学工业出版社.1998:27-69
[16]常青,傅金镒,郦兆龙.絮凝原理.兰州;兰州大学出版社.1992:44-194.
[17]李燕诚.水处理试验技术.中国建筑工业出版社.1990年
[18]顾夏声.水处理工程(M).北京:中国环境科学出版社.1990年
[19]罗辉荣.混凝搅拌实验方法的探讨.工业水处理.1984:30
[20]韩保玖.烧杯搅拌实验的发展.中国给水排水.1995:7
[21]T.R.Camp.Flocculation and Flocculation Basins.ASCE.1995:1201
[22]周莹,王孙巍,王严军.快速搅拌对混凝-絮凝最佳处理效果的影响研究.北方环境.2000.20(5):36-39
[23]管锡等.混凝处理水亚铁盐(泛黄)问题.环境科学.1990.3:38
[24]宁天禄.聚合硫酸铁在工业废水处理中的应用.西南给排水.1994.4:23
[25]美国梅特卡夫和埃迪公司编写,秦裕玲译.废水工程—处理、处置及回用(M).北京:北京工业大学出版社.1986
[26]彭定一.高分子助凝剂对混凝分离效果的影响.中国纺织大学.1992.6:
[27]武江津,王凯军,丁庭华.三废处理工程技术手册.废水卷二.北京:化学工业出版社.2000:267-276
[28]翟莹雪,翟由涛.废水处理设施出水设计参数的讨论.黑龙江环境通报.2000.24(4):15-17
[29]贾小成,孙中党,张检.废水综合治理技术开发与应用.环境工程.2000.22(6):25-26
[30]邓洪奴,杨平,潘永亮.废水生物处理技术研究进展.重庆环境科学.2000.22(6):46-49
[31]王九思,陈学民,肖举强,伏小勇.水处理化学.北京:化学工业出版社.2002.5
[32]国家环保局编.水和废水监测分析方法(M).北京中国环境科学出版社.1988
[33]李洪峰.高炉煤气洗涤循环水处理中水质稳定的探讨.冶金动力.2005.5
[34]张景来,王剑波,常冠钦,刘平.冶金工业污水处理技术及工程实例.北京:化学工业出版社.1993
[35]雷仲存,钱凯,刘念华.工业水处理原理及应用.北京:化学工业出版社.2003
[36]唐受印,戴友芝.工业循环冷却水处理.北京:化学工业出版社.2003
[37]张世贤,王兆英.水分析化学.北京:中国建筑工业出版社.1993
[38]石国乐,张凤英.给水排水物理化学.北京:中国建筑工业出版社.1991
[39]Harrison.J.L..Iron and steel works control:water and effluents.Steel Times 202(1974)557-567
[40]Metzner.A.V..Removingsoluble metals from wastewater.WaterSew.works(April 1997):98-101
[41]Patterson J.W.,H.E.Allen.and J.J.Scala..Carbonate precipitation for heavy metals pollutants.J.Water Poll.Control.F ed.49(1977):2397-2410
[42]王文丰,黄翠萍.螯合沉淀法处理含金属离子废水.中国给水排水.2002.11
[43]张光华.水处理化学品制备与应用指南.北京:中国石化出版社.2003