统一电能质量调节器的补偿控制策略研究
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摘要
随着电网中越来越多的非线性负载的投入使用,电能质量问题日益严重。电网中存在谐波、无功、电压闪变及负序电流等问题,严重影响电能质量,危害电力设备。传统解决电能质量问题的措施往往只能消除某个方面的危害。随着电力电子技术和控制技术迅速发展,统一电能质量调节器(UPQC)和统一潮流控制器等综合电能质量管理装置的研究与应用日趋成熟,有望全面提高电网电能质量。其中由串、并联双变流器组成的统一电能质量调节器具有综合的电能质量调节能力,不仅可以改善电网输入电流的电能质量问题,也可以改善负载输入电压的电能质量问题。电能质量综合调节技术是以电力电子技术为基础,属于用户电力技术的重要内容之一。UPQC改变了电能质量治理中传统电压或电流波形分别补偿的方法,整体适应系统电流和电压的补偿要求,具有较远的发展前景。本文通过对改善供电电能质量实际出发,深入研究UPQC的理论、拓扑结构、补偿分量的实时检测和控制策略研究。
本文介绍了有源电力滤波器目前存在的问题及发展现状,在分析有源电力滤波器的基本原理的基础上给出UPQC装置的主电路拓扑结构,并对其工作原理进行了详细的说明;对电压和电流畸变分量的实时检测和计算方法及UPQC的补偿控制策略进行分析研究,并对其进行了仿真实验,结果表明文中所提的控制策略有较好的补偿效果。
With the applications of more and more power electronics equipments, the power quality issues become more and more severe.. Harmonics, reactive power, voltage flicker and negative-sequence current of power grids can affect the power quality and harm the power equipment badly. Traditional methods only can settle power quality problems partially. As the electronics and control technique develop rapidly, unified power quality management equipments included unified power quality conditioner and unified power flow conditioner become more mature and available, which are expected to improve power quality generally. The unified conditioning technology of power quality, based on power electronic technology, is one of all important branches of custom power. Unified Power Quality Conditioner(UPQC),composed of a parallel and series conversion system is of the general ability to adjust power energy. It can not only improve the network current quality but also the load voltage quality. Traditionally, the device for power quality conditioner can compensate distorted voltage wave form and current wave form respectively. However, UPQC, which has capacity of simultaneously coordinating voltage and current wave form compensation and satisfy the demand of the power consumer and supply system, must have a prospective future. This paper, based on practice of improvement of power quality, deals with the theory, topology, real-time algorithm for distorted wave form, compensation strategy, control strategy for loop system.
This paper, at first, introduces the development actuality and present problem existed. On the base of analysing the principle of the active power filter, introduces the topological configuration and principle of UPQC; the following studies on real-time detection of distorted component of current and voltage wave form, and the compensation control strategy and simulation of UPQC. The result shows that the control strategy which referred in the paper has better effect.
本文介绍了有源电力滤波器目前存在的问题及发展现状,在分析有源电力滤波器的基本原理的基础上给出UPQC装置的主电路拓扑结构,并对其工作原理进行了详细的说明;对电压和电流畸变分量的实时检测和计算方法及UPQC的补偿控制策略进行分析研究,并对其进行了仿真实验,结果表明文中所提的控制策略有较好的补偿效果。
With the applications of more and more power electronics equipments, the power quality issues become more and more severe.. Harmonics, reactive power, voltage flicker and negative-sequence current of power grids can affect the power quality and harm the power equipment badly. Traditional methods only can settle power quality problems partially. As the electronics and control technique develop rapidly, unified power quality management equipments included unified power quality conditioner and unified power flow conditioner become more mature and available, which are expected to improve power quality generally. The unified conditioning technology of power quality, based on power electronic technology, is one of all important branches of custom power. Unified Power Quality Conditioner(UPQC),composed of a parallel and series conversion system is of the general ability to adjust power energy. It can not only improve the network current quality but also the load voltage quality. Traditionally, the device for power quality conditioner can compensate distorted voltage wave form and current wave form respectively. However, UPQC, which has capacity of simultaneously coordinating voltage and current wave form compensation and satisfy the demand of the power consumer and supply system, must have a prospective future. This paper, based on practice of improvement of power quality, deals with the theory, topology, real-time algorithm for distorted wave form, compensation strategy, control strategy for loop system.
This paper, at first, introduces the development actuality and present problem existed. On the base of analysing the principle of the active power filter, introduces the topological configuration and principle of UPQC; the following studies on real-time detection of distorted component of current and voltage wave form, and the compensation control strategy and simulation of UPQC. The result shows that the control strategy which referred in the paper has better effect.
引文
[1]胡铭,陈珩.有源滤波技术及其应用.电力系统自动化,2000,24(3),66-70.
[2]姜齐荣,赵东元.有源电力滤波器--结构、原理、控制,科学出版社,2005.10
[3]蒋斌,颜钢锋.单相电路瞬时谐波及无功电流实时检测新方法,电力系统自动化,2000,24(10)
[4]王兆安,杨君,刘进军.谐波抑制和无功功率补偿,机械工业出版社,2002
[5]钱照明,叶忠明.谐波抑制技术,电力系统自动化,1997
[6]林海雪.现代电能质量的基本问题.电网技术,2001,25(10):5-12.
[7]胡铭,陈衍.电能质量及其分析方法综述.电网技术,2000,24(2):36-38.
[8] Chowdhury HB.Power Quality.IEEE Potentials,2001,20(2):5-11.
[9]林海雪.现代电能质量的基本问题.电网技术,2001,25(10):5-12.
[10]蒋平,赵剑峰,唐国庆.电能质量问题及其治理方法.江苏电机工程,2003,22(1):16-18.
[11]林海雪.对电能质量改善的几点看法.电网技术,1994,18(4):55-58.
[12]翁利民,陈灵欣,孙剑锋.电能质量的性能指标与改善方法.电力电容器,2000(1):9-14.
[13] H Fujita,H Akagi.A practical approach to harmonic compensation in power systems connection of passive active filters[J].IEEE Trans and Application,1991
[14] Robert A.Supply quality issues at the interface between power system and industrial consumers. IEEE/PES,1998:182-189.
[15]蒋平,赵剑锋,唐国庆等.串联型电能质量补偿器的研究.电网技术,2001 25(10):54-57.
[16]杨君,王兆安.并联型电力有源滤波器直流侧电压的控制.电力电子技术,1996(4):.13-16.
[17]王群,姚为正,刘进军等,谐波源与有源电力滤波器的补偿特性,中国电机工程学报,2001,21(2),6一21 . [18]雷宪章,D.Retzmann,M.Weinhold.利用电能质量调节器改善配电网络的电能质量.电网技术.2000,24(8):8~12
[19]陈坚.电力电子学—电力电子变换和控制技术.北京:高等教育出版社,2002
[20] A.Nasiri,A.Emadi.Different topologies for single-phase unified power quality conditioners.IEEE IAS Conf.Rec.,2003,2:976~981
[21]朱鹏程,李勋,康勇等.统一电能质量控制器控制策略研究.中国电机工程学报,2004,24(8):67-73
[22]张朋,串联型电能质量补偿器的控制策略,电力电子技术,2004,38(6): 28~30
[23]顾建军,刘汉奎,徐殿国,统一电能质量调节器的实验研究,电力系统自动化,2002,26(19):45~47、55
[24]黄立明,刘进军,黄新明,UPQC的双向多功能补偿特性及其实验研究,电力电子技术,2004,38(6):31~33
[25]李庚银,陈志业,丁巧林,用于广义瞬时无功电流实时检测方法,电力系统自动化,1997,2(10):28～31
[26]肖湘宁,徐永海,刘昊等,混合型有源电力补偿技术与实验研究,电力系统自动化,2002,3:39-44
[27]肖湘宁,徐永海,供电系统电能质量,华北电力大学,2000,8
[28] Overview of Custom Power Applications,Narain G.Hingorani,Hingorani Power Electronics,26480 Weston Drive,Los Altos Hills,CA 94022
[29]赵剑锋,蒋平,唐国庆,基于电压型逆变器的可连续运行的动态电压恢复器(UDVR)的研究[J],电工技术学报,2002,17(3):88-92
[30]李庚银,陈志业,丁巧林,用于广义瞬时无功电流实时检测方法,电力系统自动化,1997,2(10):28～31
[31]丁屹峰,程浩勇,占勇等.电能质量检测技术现状及发展.2004,37(7):16-19.
[32]黄民聪.三相三线制并联型电能质量控制器的研究,清华大学,2003.3
[33]宋文南,刘宝仁.电力系统谐波分析,中国电力出版社,1998,9
[34]吕润余.电力系统高次谐波.北京,中国电力出版社,1998,5
[35]张加胜,郝荣泰.滞环控制变流器的开关频率研究[J].电工电能新技术,1998,(6)
[36]王亮,赵玲.电力有源滤波器的MATLAB仿真,上海电力学院学报,2005
[37]张志涌.精通MATLAB6.5版,北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.3
[38]李民,王兆安.基于瞬时无功功率理论的高次谐波和无功功率检测[J ].电力电子技术, 1992, 26 (2):14~17.
[39]李庚银. dq 0坐标下广义瞬时无功功率定义及补偿[J ].中国电机工程学报, 1996, 16 (3): 176~179. [17 ] Furuhashi T , Okuma S A. Study on the theory of instantaneous reactive power [J ]. IEEE Tran s on Ind Electr, 1990, 37 (1) : 214~221.
[40]侯振程,陆志国,邹言.一种新的谐波和无功电流在线实时检测方法,重庆大学学报, 1991.14(6):28~31.
[41]薛蕙,杨仁刚.改进的瞬时无功和谐波电流检测理论,电力系统及其自动化学报, 2002. 14(2):8~11.
[42] H. Akagi,“New trends in active filters power conditioning,”IEEE Trans Industry Applications, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 1312~1322, Nov/Dec. 1996.
[43] Luo Shi guo, Hou Zheng cheng. An adaptive detecting method for harmonic and reactive current [J ]. IEEE Trans on Ind Electr, 1995, 42 (1): 85~89.
[44]赵地.有源滤波装置控制器设计的研究,清华大学,2002.6
[45]任元,陈宝喜.电网各种电压等级的谐波电压,中国电力,1994
[46]李序葆,赵永健.电力电子器件及其应用,机械工业出版社,1996
[47]张崇巍,张兴,PWM整流器及其控制,北京:机械工业出版社,2005
[48]张兴,张崇巍,PWM可逆变流器空间电压矢量控制技术研究[J],中国电机工程学报,2001,21(10):102～105
[49]粟时平,李圣怡,并联有源滤波器的最优电压滞环电流控制,电力自动化设备,2002,22(4):22～25
[50] Malesani L, Tenti P. A novel hysteresis control method for current-controlled voltage-source PWM inverters with constant modulation frenquency[J]. IEEE Transaction on Industry Applications, 1990,26(1):88~92
[51]颜晓庆,王兆安,并联型有源电力滤波器的仿真研究,西安交通大学学报,1997,31(11):88～93
[52]周颖,王时胜,项安,电力有源谐波补偿系统实时仿真模型的研究,计算机仿真,2002,19(6):92～96
[2]姜齐荣,赵东元.有源电力滤波器--结构、原理、控制,科学出版社,2005.10
[3]蒋斌,颜钢锋.单相电路瞬时谐波及无功电流实时检测新方法,电力系统自动化,2000,24(10)
[4]王兆安,杨君,刘进军.谐波抑制和无功功率补偿,机械工业出版社,2002
[5]钱照明,叶忠明.谐波抑制技术,电力系统自动化,1997
[6]林海雪.现代电能质量的基本问题.电网技术,2001,25(10):5-12.
[7]胡铭,陈衍.电能质量及其分析方法综述.电网技术,2000,24(2):36-38.
[8] Chowdhury HB.Power Quality.IEEE Potentials,2001,20(2):5-11.
[9]林海雪.现代电能质量的基本问题.电网技术,2001,25(10):5-12.
[10]蒋平,赵剑峰,唐国庆.电能质量问题及其治理方法.江苏电机工程,2003,22(1):16-18.
[11]林海雪.对电能质量改善的几点看法.电网技术,1994,18(4):55-58.
[12]翁利民,陈灵欣,孙剑锋.电能质量的性能指标与改善方法.电力电容器,2000(1):9-14.
[13] H Fujita,H Akagi.A practical approach to harmonic compensation in power systems connection of passive active filters[J].IEEE Trans and Application,1991
[14] Robert A.Supply quality issues at the interface between power system and industrial consumers. IEEE/PES,1998:182-189.
[15]蒋平,赵剑锋,唐国庆等.串联型电能质量补偿器的研究.电网技术,2001 25(10):54-57.
[16]杨君,王兆安.并联型电力有源滤波器直流侧电压的控制.电力电子技术,1996(4):.13-16.
[17]王群,姚为正,刘进军等,谐波源与有源电力滤波器的补偿特性,中国电机工程学报,2001,21(2),6一21 . [18]雷宪章,D.Retzmann,M.Weinhold.利用电能质量调节器改善配电网络的电能质量.电网技术.2000,24(8):8~12
[19]陈坚.电力电子学—电力电子变换和控制技术.北京:高等教育出版社,2002
[20] A.Nasiri,A.Emadi.Different topologies for single-phase unified power quality conditioners.IEEE IAS Conf.Rec.,2003,2:976~981
[21]朱鹏程,李勋,康勇等.统一电能质量控制器控制策略研究.中国电机工程学报,2004,24(8):67-73
[22]张朋,串联型电能质量补偿器的控制策略,电力电子技术,2004,38(6): 28~30
[23]顾建军,刘汉奎,徐殿国,统一电能质量调节器的实验研究,电力系统自动化,2002,26(19):45~47、55
[24]黄立明,刘进军,黄新明,UPQC的双向多功能补偿特性及其实验研究,电力电子技术,2004,38(6):31~33
[25]李庚银,陈志业,丁巧林,用于广义瞬时无功电流实时检测方法,电力系统自动化,1997,2(10):28～31
[26]肖湘宁,徐永海,刘昊等,混合型有源电力补偿技术与实验研究,电力系统自动化,2002,3:39-44
[27]肖湘宁,徐永海,供电系统电能质量,华北电力大学,2000,8
[28] Overview of Custom Power Applications,Narain G.Hingorani,Hingorani Power Electronics,26480 Weston Drive,Los Altos Hills,CA 94022
[29]赵剑锋,蒋平,唐国庆,基于电压型逆变器的可连续运行的动态电压恢复器(UDVR)的研究[J],电工技术学报,2002,17(3):88-92
[30]李庚银,陈志业,丁巧林,用于广义瞬时无功电流实时检测方法,电力系统自动化,1997,2(10):28～31
[31]丁屹峰,程浩勇,占勇等.电能质量检测技术现状及发展.2004,37(7):16-19.
[32]黄民聪.三相三线制并联型电能质量控制器的研究,清华大学,2003.3
[33]宋文南,刘宝仁.电力系统谐波分析,中国电力出版社,1998,9
[34]吕润余.电力系统高次谐波.北京,中国电力出版社,1998,5
[35]张加胜,郝荣泰.滞环控制变流器的开关频率研究[J].电工电能新技术,1998,(6)
[36]王亮,赵玲.电力有源滤波器的MATLAB仿真,上海电力学院学报,2005
[37]张志涌.精通MATLAB6.5版,北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.3
[38]李民,王兆安.基于瞬时无功功率理论的高次谐波和无功功率检测[J ].电力电子技术, 1992, 26 (2):14~17.
[39]李庚银. dq 0坐标下广义瞬时无功功率定义及补偿[J ].中国电机工程学报, 1996, 16 (3): 176~179. [17 ] Furuhashi T , Okuma S A. Study on the theory of instantaneous reactive power [J ]. IEEE Tran s on Ind Electr, 1990, 37 (1) : 214~221.
[40]侯振程,陆志国,邹言.一种新的谐波和无功电流在线实时检测方法,重庆大学学报, 1991.14(6):28~31.
[41]薛蕙,杨仁刚.改进的瞬时无功和谐波电流检测理论,电力系统及其自动化学报, 2002. 14(2):8~11.
[42] H. Akagi,“New trends in active filters power conditioning,”IEEE Trans Industry Applications, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 1312~1322, Nov/Dec. 1996.
[43] Luo Shi guo, Hou Zheng cheng. An adaptive detecting method for harmonic and reactive current [J ]. IEEE Trans on Ind Electr, 1995, 42 (1): 85~89.
[44]赵地.有源滤波装置控制器设计的研究,清华大学,2002.6
[45]任元,陈宝喜.电网各种电压等级的谐波电压,中国电力,1994
[46]李序葆,赵永健.电力电子器件及其应用,机械工业出版社,1996
[47]张崇巍,张兴,PWM整流器及其控制,北京:机械工业出版社,2005
[48]张兴,张崇巍,PWM可逆变流器空间电压矢量控制技术研究[J],中国电机工程学报,2001,21(10):102～105
[49]粟时平,李圣怡,并联有源滤波器的最优电压滞环电流控制,电力自动化设备,2002,22(4):22～25
[50] Malesani L, Tenti P. A novel hysteresis control method for current-controlled voltage-source PWM inverters with constant modulation frenquency[J]. IEEE Transaction on Industry Applications, 1990,26(1):88~92
[51]颜晓庆,王兆安,并联型有源电力滤波器的仿真研究,西安交通大学学报,1997,31(11):88～93
[52]周颖,王时胜,项安,电力有源谐波补偿系统实时仿真模型的研究,计算机仿真,2002,19(6):92～96