单相统一电能质量控制器中检测与控制方法的研究
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摘要
作为现代社会的主要能源,电能在各行各业中有着广泛的应用,电能质量的优劣关系到国民经济的总体效益。统一电能质量控制器(UPQC)是用户电力技术发展的最新趋势之一,它集电压补偿装置、电流补偿装置和储能装置于一体,统一实现多重电能质量调节功能,具有广阔的发展前景。
本文介绍了统一电能质量控制器的基本拓扑结构,并针对它的两个重要部分——控制和检测部分,进行了较为详细的研究和探讨。在控制部分,通过对有源电力滤波器的研究,总结了有源电力滤波器的直接补偿控制策略,指出了各自的优缺点,选取了定时控制的瞬时值比较方式作为UPQC的控制方法。
快速、准确的检测出谐波信号是实现补偿目标的关键。在检测部分,分析有源电力滤波器中谐波检测方法,总结了基于瞬时无功功率理论的改进型谐波检测算法,在此基础上提出了一种改进的单相谐波检测算法。该算法根据电网谐波以奇次为主的特点,构建虚拟的两相,通过一定的延时消除三次谐波的影响,在不增加滤波器阶数的前提下,提高低通滤波器的截止频率,以降低总体的延时时间,在各种典型的复杂谐波状况下仿真证明了该方法的可行性。
最后,本文参照相关文献中提出的单相统一电能质量控制器的模型,分析了它的工作过程,构建了单相统一电能质量控制器的Maltlab/Simulink仿真模型,使用提出的检测算法,对来自负载侧和电源侧的各种电能质量现象进行了仿真,仿真结果表明,UPQC能够有效解决多种电能质量问题。
As the main energy of the modern society, electrical power is applied in all aspects of life, and electrical power quality is related with national economy. Unified Power Quality Controller (UPQC) is one of the development trends of Custom Power, which combines the functions of voltage compensator, current compensator and energy storage. Multiple power quality regulation functions are implemented in UPQC simultaneously. It must have a prospective future.
At first, the topology and the function of UPQC are explained in the paper. Then the detection method and the control strategy, which are the important parts affecting the compensation effect of the UPQC, are discussed and investigated in detail in the papers. For the control strategy, through the study of active power filter, this paper summarizes the active power filter control strategy of direct compensation, points out the advantages and disadvantages of each, and selects the timer-control hysteretic pulse wide modulation control method for the control method UPQC.
Quickly and accurately detecting the harmonic signal from the target is the key to achieve the goal of compensation. In the basis of the APF detecting method, this paper summarizes the harmonics detecting methods based on the instantaneous reactive power, and an improved harmonic detection algorithm in single-phase circuit based on the instantaneous reactive is proposed, in which a time-delay circuit is used to reducing the delay-time of the lower-pass filter. The influence of the third harmonic would be clear by the time-delay circuit, so the total delay-time of the improver method is shorter. Theoretical analysis and simulation experiment prove that the proposed harmonic current detection algorithm is correct and effective.
In the basis of the above, this paper makes reference to the literature of single-unity power quality conditioner of the model, analys the course of its work, and builds a simulation model at Matlab/Simulink. Through a variety of issues of power quality compensation simulation to verify the feasibility of the algorithm.
本文介绍了统一电能质量控制器的基本拓扑结构,并针对它的两个重要部分——控制和检测部分,进行了较为详细的研究和探讨。在控制部分,通过对有源电力滤波器的研究,总结了有源电力滤波器的直接补偿控制策略,指出了各自的优缺点,选取了定时控制的瞬时值比较方式作为UPQC的控制方法。
快速、准确的检测出谐波信号是实现补偿目标的关键。在检测部分,分析有源电力滤波器中谐波检测方法,总结了基于瞬时无功功率理论的改进型谐波检测算法,在此基础上提出了一种改进的单相谐波检测算法。该算法根据电网谐波以奇次为主的特点,构建虚拟的两相,通过一定的延时消除三次谐波的影响,在不增加滤波器阶数的前提下,提高低通滤波器的截止频率,以降低总体的延时时间,在各种典型的复杂谐波状况下仿真证明了该方法的可行性。
最后,本文参照相关文献中提出的单相统一电能质量控制器的模型,分析了它的工作过程,构建了单相统一电能质量控制器的Maltlab/Simulink仿真模型,使用提出的检测算法,对来自负载侧和电源侧的各种电能质量现象进行了仿真,仿真结果表明,UPQC能够有效解决多种电能质量问题。
As the main energy of the modern society, electrical power is applied in all aspects of life, and electrical power quality is related with national economy. Unified Power Quality Controller (UPQC) is one of the development trends of Custom Power, which combines the functions of voltage compensator, current compensator and energy storage. Multiple power quality regulation functions are implemented in UPQC simultaneously. It must have a prospective future.
At first, the topology and the function of UPQC are explained in the paper. Then the detection method and the control strategy, which are the important parts affecting the compensation effect of the UPQC, are discussed and investigated in detail in the papers. For the control strategy, through the study of active power filter, this paper summarizes the active power filter control strategy of direct compensation, points out the advantages and disadvantages of each, and selects the timer-control hysteretic pulse wide modulation control method for the control method UPQC.
Quickly and accurately detecting the harmonic signal from the target is the key to achieve the goal of compensation. In the basis of the APF detecting method, this paper summarizes the harmonics detecting methods based on the instantaneous reactive power, and an improved harmonic detection algorithm in single-phase circuit based on the instantaneous reactive is proposed, in which a time-delay circuit is used to reducing the delay-time of the lower-pass filter. The influence of the third harmonic would be clear by the time-delay circuit, so the total delay-time of the improver method is shorter. Theoretical analysis and simulation experiment prove that the proposed harmonic current detection algorithm is correct and effective.
In the basis of the above, this paper makes reference to the literature of single-unity power quality conditioner of the model, analys the course of its work, and builds a simulation model at Matlab/Simulink. Through a variety of issues of power quality compensation simulation to verify the feasibility of the algorithm.
引文
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[2] Fujita H, Akagi H. The unified power quality conditioner:The Integration of Series and shunt-active Filters. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 1998, 13(2): 315-322
[3] Arun Arora, Kevin Chan, Thomas Jauc, et al. Innovative System Solutions for Power Quality Enhancement. ABB Review, 1998, (3): 4-12
[4] Peng FZ. Application Issues of Active Power Filters. IEEE Industry Applications Magazine, 1998, (9): 21-30
[5]杨斌文,刘丽英,王文虎.电力系统中的谐波的危害与产生.电气时代, 2002, (2): 30-31
[6]蒋平,赵剑锋,唐国庆.电能质量问题及其治理方法.江苏电机工程, 2003, 22(1): 16-18
[7]马晓春.公用电网电能质量及其改善.华北电力技术, 1998, 28(12): 49-52
[8]翁利民,陈允平,刘琨. D-FACTS技术及电能质量的改善.电力电容器, 2005, (2): 1-5
[9]朱桂萍,王树民.电能质量控制技术综述.电力系统自动化, 2002, 26(19): 28-31
[10]姜齐荣,赵东元.有源电力滤波器一结构、原理、控制.北京:科学出版社, 2005
[11]王兆安,杨君,刘进军.谐波抑制和无功功率补偿.北京:机械工业出版社, 2002
[12] H. Akagi. New Trends in Active Filters for Power Conditioning. IEEE Trans on Ind Appl, 1996, 32(6): 1312-1322
[13]王兆安,黄俊.电力电子技术.北京:机械工业出版社, 2003
[14] S. Buso, L Malesani, P.Mattavelli. Dead-beat current control for Active Power. In: Proc IECON’98, Aachen, Germany, 1998: 1859-1864
[15] Zhang Zhong chao, B. T. Ooi. Multi-modular current source SPWM converter for SMES. IEEE Trans on PE, 1993, 8(3): 250-256
[16] Malesani L, Mattavelli P, Tomasin P. High-performance hysteretic modulation technique for Active filter. IEEE Trans on PE, 1997, 12(5): 876-884
[17]刘红萍,张代润.有源电力滤波器的正弦滞环控制法研究-滞环控制策略分析.四川大学学报(工程科学版), 1997, 3(4): 103-110
[18] K. M. Smedley, S. Cuk, One-Cycle Control of Switching Converters. IEEE Trans On Power Elect, 1995, 10(6): 625-633
[19] Casini D, Marchesoni M, et al. Sliding mode multilevel control for improvedperformance in power conditioning systems. IEEE Trans On PE, 1995, 10(4): 453-463
[20] K.M. Smedley, S.Cuk, Dynamics of One-Cycle Controlled Cuk Converters. IEEE Trans On Power Elect, 1995, 10(6): 634-639
[21]钱挺,吕征宇,胡进,等.基于单周控制的有源滤波器双环控制策略,中国电机工程学报, 2003, 23(3):34-37
[22]史伟伟,蒋全,胡敏强,等.三相电压型PWM整流器的数学模型和主电路设计,东南大学学报(自然科学版), 2003, 2(1): 50-55
[23]刘平,康勇,陈坚. PWM整流器的矢量控制.华中理工大学学报, 2000, 28(6): 37-39
[24]唐欣,罗安,谭甜源.有源电力滤波器的比例递推积分控制.控制理论与应用, 2004, 21(4): 631-634
[25]戴瑜兴,张义兵.有源电力滤波器逆变电路的滞环比较控制策略.湖南师范大学自然科学学报, 2003, 26(3): 37~45
[26]杨旭,王兆安.一种新的准固定频率滞环PWM电流控制方法.电工技术学报,2003, 18(3): 24-29
[27]何致远,瞿晓.基于电源滤波的三相PWM整流器模糊控制策略研究.电工技术学报, 2006, 21(4): 107-110
[28]姚为正,王群,刘进军,等.串联型有源电力滤波器控制方式的研究.电工技术学报, 1999, 14(6): 47-51
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