伊犁绢蒿对刈割干扰生理响应的初步研究
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摘要
以新疆蒿类荒漠草地代表性植物伊犁绢蒿为对象,设置不同的刈割强度,测定在刈割干扰下伊犁绢蒿植株体内叶绿素、碳水化合物、渗透调节物质含量的变化,探讨其对刈割干扰的生理响应机制,动态变化规律,以期为荒漠春秋牧场合理利用、修复及可持续发展提供科学依据。主要研究结果如下:
1.刈割处理后,伊犁绢蒿叶中叶绿素a、叶绿素b含量均有不同程度的下降。在生长季中,轻度刈割、中度刈割强度下伊犁绢蒿叶绿素a、叶绿素b含量较高;重度刈割强度下伊犁绢蒿叶中叶绿素a、叶绿素b含量较低。
2.伊犁绢蒿叶、茎、根在秋季刈割处理后可溶性糖含量均下降。生长季中,轻度刈割、中度刈割强度下伊犁绢蒿叶、根中可溶性糖含量相对较高,茎中不刈割处理下可溶性糖含量最高;重度刈割强度下伊犁绢蒿叶、茎、根中可溶性糖含量最低。
3.伊犁绢蒿叶和根中还原糖含量在轻度刈割、中度刈割强度下较高,茎中还原糖含量最高的为不刈割,而重度刈割强度下伊犁绢蒿叶、茎、根中还原糖含量均为最低。
4.伊犁绢蒿植株碳水化合物含量总体表现为:淀粉含量>可溶性糖含量>还原糖含量。淀粉是伊犁绢蒿主要的贮藏营养物质。在整个生长季中,重度刈割强度下叶、茎、根中淀粉含量均低于其他刈割处理。
5.春季、秋季刈割处理后伊犁绢蒿叶、茎中可溶性蛋白质含量均有所增加,根中可溶性蛋白含量在秋季刈割后含量增加。不刈割处理下叶中可溶性蛋白质含量较高;茎和根中在轻度刈割强度下可溶性蛋白质含量均较高;重度刈割强度下伊犁绢蒿叶、茎、根中可溶性蛋白质含量均较低。
6.刈割处理后,伊犁绢蒿植株脯氨酸含量下降。同一测定时间内,伊犁绢蒿叶中脯氨酸含量随刈割强度的增加而增加,但其茎、根中脯氨酸含量变化与叶相反,随刈割强度增加而减少。
7.不同刈割强度伊犁绢蒿根中游离氨基酸含量低于叶和茎。轻度刈割和中度刈割强度下伊犁绢蒿叶和根中游离氨基酸含量较高,不刈割强度下伊犁绢蒿茎中游离氨基酸含量较高,而重度刈割强度下叶、茎、根中游离氨基酸含量均为最低。
This paper investigates the representative plants of the sagebrush desert as Seriphidium transiliense were determined. In order to reasonable utilize, renovate and develop continuely sagebrush desert of spring-autumn. Determined the changes on chlorophyll, carbohydrate, osmotic adjustment substance and discussed the physiological response mechanism and dynamic change law of S. transiliense under different defoliation intensities.
The main results were as the followed:
1. After defoliation intensities, the contents of chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b in leaves of S. transiliense were reduced under different defoliation intensities. During the growing season, the contents of chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b were higher under light-defoliation and middle-defoliation, and were lower under high-defoliation.
2. The contents of soluble sugar in roots, stems and leaves of S. transiliense have been falling after different defoliation intensities in autumn. During the growing season, the contents of soluble sugar in leaves and roots were higher under the light-defoliation and middle-defoliation; the soluble sugar in stems is highest in CK; the soluble sugar in roots, stems and leaves of S. transiliense were lowest under the high-defoliation.
3. The deoxidizing sugars in leaves and roots of S. transiliense were higher under the light-defoliation and middle-defoliation; the deoxidizing sugars in stems was highest in CK; the deoxidizing sugars in roots, stems and leaves of S. transiliense were lowest under the conditions of high-defoliation.
4. The contents of carbohydrate of S. transiliense were as: starch>soluble sugars>deoxidizing sugars. The starch is main storage substance in S. transiliense. During the growing season, the starch contents of leaves, stems and roots under high-defoliation were the lowest than other defoliation.
5. The contents of soluble protein in leaves and stems of S. transiliense have increased after different defoliation intensities in spring and autumn, and the contents of soluble protein in roots have increased after different defoliation in autumn. The soluble protein in leaves of is higher in CK; it is higher in stems and roots under the light-defoliation; the soluble protein in leaves, stems and roots of S. transiliense were lowest under the high-defoliation.
6. The proline contents of S. transiliense declined after different defoliation intensities. The proline contents in leaves of S. transiliense increased with defoliation intensities, while the proline contents in stems and roots decrease with the increase of defoliation intensities.
7. The amino acid contents in roots of S. transiliense were lower than that in leaves and stems. The amino acid contents in leaves and roots of S. transiliense were higher under the light-defoliation and middle-defoliation; the amino acid content was the highest in stems of CK, and it was the lowest in leaves, stems and roots under the high-defoliation.
1.刈割处理后,伊犁绢蒿叶中叶绿素a、叶绿素b含量均有不同程度的下降。在生长季中,轻度刈割、中度刈割强度下伊犁绢蒿叶绿素a、叶绿素b含量较高;重度刈割强度下伊犁绢蒿叶中叶绿素a、叶绿素b含量较低。
2.伊犁绢蒿叶、茎、根在秋季刈割处理后可溶性糖含量均下降。生长季中,轻度刈割、中度刈割强度下伊犁绢蒿叶、根中可溶性糖含量相对较高,茎中不刈割处理下可溶性糖含量最高;重度刈割强度下伊犁绢蒿叶、茎、根中可溶性糖含量最低。
3.伊犁绢蒿叶和根中还原糖含量在轻度刈割、中度刈割强度下较高,茎中还原糖含量最高的为不刈割,而重度刈割强度下伊犁绢蒿叶、茎、根中还原糖含量均为最低。
4.伊犁绢蒿植株碳水化合物含量总体表现为:淀粉含量>可溶性糖含量>还原糖含量。淀粉是伊犁绢蒿主要的贮藏营养物质。在整个生长季中,重度刈割强度下叶、茎、根中淀粉含量均低于其他刈割处理。
5.春季、秋季刈割处理后伊犁绢蒿叶、茎中可溶性蛋白质含量均有所增加,根中可溶性蛋白含量在秋季刈割后含量增加。不刈割处理下叶中可溶性蛋白质含量较高;茎和根中在轻度刈割强度下可溶性蛋白质含量均较高;重度刈割强度下伊犁绢蒿叶、茎、根中可溶性蛋白质含量均较低。
6.刈割处理后,伊犁绢蒿植株脯氨酸含量下降。同一测定时间内,伊犁绢蒿叶中脯氨酸含量随刈割强度的增加而增加,但其茎、根中脯氨酸含量变化与叶相反,随刈割强度增加而减少。
7.不同刈割强度伊犁绢蒿根中游离氨基酸含量低于叶和茎。轻度刈割和中度刈割强度下伊犁绢蒿叶和根中游离氨基酸含量较高,不刈割强度下伊犁绢蒿茎中游离氨基酸含量较高,而重度刈割强度下叶、茎、根中游离氨基酸含量均为最低。
This paper investigates the representative plants of the sagebrush desert as Seriphidium transiliense were determined. In order to reasonable utilize, renovate and develop continuely sagebrush desert of spring-autumn. Determined the changes on chlorophyll, carbohydrate, osmotic adjustment substance and discussed the physiological response mechanism and dynamic change law of S. transiliense under different defoliation intensities.
The main results were as the followed:
1. After defoliation intensities, the contents of chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b in leaves of S. transiliense were reduced under different defoliation intensities. During the growing season, the contents of chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b were higher under light-defoliation and middle-defoliation, and were lower under high-defoliation.
2. The contents of soluble sugar in roots, stems and leaves of S. transiliense have been falling after different defoliation intensities in autumn. During the growing season, the contents of soluble sugar in leaves and roots were higher under the light-defoliation and middle-defoliation; the soluble sugar in stems is highest in CK; the soluble sugar in roots, stems and leaves of S. transiliense were lowest under the high-defoliation.
3. The deoxidizing sugars in leaves and roots of S. transiliense were higher under the light-defoliation and middle-defoliation; the deoxidizing sugars in stems was highest in CK; the deoxidizing sugars in roots, stems and leaves of S. transiliense were lowest under the conditions of high-defoliation.
4. The contents of carbohydrate of S. transiliense were as: starch>soluble sugars>deoxidizing sugars. The starch is main storage substance in S. transiliense. During the growing season, the starch contents of leaves, stems and roots under high-defoliation were the lowest than other defoliation.
5. The contents of soluble protein in leaves and stems of S. transiliense have increased after different defoliation intensities in spring and autumn, and the contents of soluble protein in roots have increased after different defoliation in autumn. The soluble protein in leaves of is higher in CK; it is higher in stems and roots under the light-defoliation; the soluble protein in leaves, stems and roots of S. transiliense were lowest under the high-defoliation.
6. The proline contents of S. transiliense declined after different defoliation intensities. The proline contents in leaves of S. transiliense increased with defoliation intensities, while the proline contents in stems and roots decrease with the increase of defoliation intensities.
7. The amino acid contents in roots of S. transiliense were lower than that in leaves and stems. The amino acid contents in leaves and roots of S. transiliense were higher under the light-defoliation and middle-defoliation; the amino acid content was the highest in stems of CK, and it was the lowest in leaves, stems and roots under the high-defoliation.
引文
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