基于耦合模型的相继增压柴油机排气系统研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
排气系统不仅影响废气的排出,而且在增压柴油机中,排气管中气体的流动对其废气能量的利用、充量更换、泵气损失及柴油机的性能都有重要的影响。合理选择和正确设计柴油机的排气系统是柴油机总体设计的一项重要内容。一维/三维的耦合计算模型,既考虑了一维模型中的动态效应,又能体现三维结构对柴油机性能的影响,该方法综合考虑了实际工况和实际结构对发动机性能的影响。本文以TBD234V12相继增压柴油机为研究对象,应用GT-POWER和STAR-CD软件建立了一维/三维耦合模型,对其排气系统进行优化设计。
     基于GT-POWER软件平台,建立了工作过程的仿真模型,其中缸内热力过程采用零维模型,用三韦伯曲线叠加模拟放热规律,进气管采用一维非定常流动模型,排气管采用CFD平均值模型。根据废气涡轮增压器的平衡条件,建立废气涡轮增压器的数学模型。基于Pro/E和STAR-CD软件,对排气管进行三维结构建模和网格划分。将GT-POWER中排气管的CFD平均值模型和STAR-CD中的三维模型耦合起来,选用标准的κ-ε模型模拟流场的湍流效应,采用PISO算法对压力场与速度场进行修正。
     本文对设计的MPC排气系统和原常规增压时的脉冲排气系统对标准螺旋桨特性运行的650r/min、1134r/min、1429r/min、1636r/min、1800r/min几个具有代表性的工况进行了模拟计算。耦合计算结果表明:从工作过程的仿真结果和排气系统的流场分布可以看出,该相继增压柴油机选用MPC排气系统更为合适,同时得到了从排气阀开启到关闭的不同曲轴转角时刻的速度分布。
     为了尽可能减少排气能量损失、避免产生气缸间的扫气干扰以及有利于发挥涡轮的高效率,本文将MPC排气系统对柴油机性能影响较大的参数进行了两种方案修改和计算,从而得到最优的排气系统。
Exhaust system not only affects the exhaust emission, but also has a major impact on waste gas energy using, charge replacement, pump gas losses and diesel performance for the sequential turbocharged diesel. Reasonable choice and correct design of the diesel engine exhaust system is an important part of diesel engine system design. One-dimensional and three-dimensional coupling model not only considers the dynamic effect on one-dimensional model, but also reflects on the diesel engine performance by three-dimensional structure. The method has integrated considered the impact on diesel engine performance by practical working condition and structure. Based on a type TBD234V12 sequential turbercharging diesel engine, a coupling calculating model by GT-POWER and STAR-CD softwares is set up to optimize the exhaust system.
     Based on GT-POWER software, an imitation model of working process is built. Its intake system is modeled by one-dimensional unsteady flow. Its exhaust system is modeled by CFD average value. Three-Wiebe curve has been used to simulate the heat release regulation in the zero-dimensional cylinder model. And the mathematical model of turbocharging is set up by the equilibrium condition of the turbocharger. Based on Pro/E and STAR-CD softwares, a three-dimensional structure model and a grid model of exhaust system are set up. Coupling the CFD average value model in GT-POWER with three-dimensional model in STAR-CD, the paper has chosen standard k-εmodel for simulating turbulence and used PISO arithmetic for modifying pressure and velocity field. According to the standard features on the propeller running, the paper has simulated some representative conditions such as 650r/min,1134r/min,1429r/min,1636r/min, 1800r/min.
     Coupling simulation has indicated that the sequential turbercharging diesel engine using MPC exhaust system is better. At the same time, it has gained the velocity distributing at different crank angle during the exhaust valve turned on to off. For decreasing exhaust energy loss, avoiding bring the sweeping disturbing among cylinders and making turbine to high efficiency, the paper has modified the parameters of MPC exhaust system are biggish influenced in performance of diesel engine, consequently gained the most optimum exhaust system.
引文
[1]柳祖德.PA6柴油机STC增压系统简介.陕西省内燃机学会论文.1990:10-39页
    [2]王银燕.超高柴油机几种增压系统的理论研究.哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文.1989:3-10页
    [3]王贺春.TBD234V12柴油机相继增压技术研究.哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文.2004:3-5页
    [4]王银燕,高维成,赵建平,吴英海,阿荣其其格.应用MPC—相继增压系统改善船用柴油机低负荷性能的研究.内燃机学报.1999,17(1):13-17页
    [5]王银燕,腾万庆,王芝秋.涡轮增压系统全工况优化控制机理及ECS系统开发.中国船舶科技报告.1995,8:50-57页
    [6]顾宏中.涡轮增压柴油机性能研究.上海:上海交通大学出版社,1998:135-137,141-151页
    [7]杨世友,顾宏中,郭中朝.柴油机涡轮增压系统研究现状与进展.柴油机.2001,4:1-5页
    [8]刘永长.内燃机原理.武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2001:216-217页
    [9]钱树基.谈脉冲增压和MPC增压.内燃机.1995(5):41-42页
    [10]顾宏中.MIXPC涡轮增压系统研究与优化设计.上海:上海交通大学出版社,2006:1-2页
    [11]C. Dimitriadis, M. A. leschziner, D. E. Winterbone, G.I. Alexan der, Rr. Sierens. Computation of Three-Dimensional Flow in Manifold Junctions. Int. Sypm. On Flows in Reciprocating IC Engines. ASME Winter Annual Meting, Miami Beach.1985
    [12]C. Dimitriadis, M. A. leschziner.Computation of three dimensional flow in junctions by a zonai approach,4th Int. Conf. On Numerical Methods in Laminar and Turbulent flows. Swansea.1985
    [13]M. A. Leschziner, K. P. Dimitriadis. Numerical Simulation of three dimensional turbulent flow in exhaust manifold junctions. ImechE.1987. C09/87
    [14]Wilhelm Brandstatter. The Increasing Impact of Multi-dimensional Modeling on the Design and Development of Hign Speed DI Diesel Engines. SAE 881207
    [15]周磊.三维数值仿真研究及柴油机进气道优化.北京理工大学硕士学位论文.2003:1-3页
    [16]李康.内燃机缸内空气运动的多为数值模拟.天津大学博士学位论文.1991:5-12页
    [17]张建华.直喷式柴油机各类燃烧室湍流流动特性研究.吉林工业大学博士学位论文.1996:34-83页
    [18]董愚.柴油机喷雾及燃烧多维模型及PDPA数据和气缸内图像实验之对比.吉林工业大学博士学位论文.1996:20-43页
    [19]胡文.内燃机中三维流场的计算机模拟.天津大学硕士学位论文.1994:15-53页
    [20]许思传.内燃机缸内燃烧过程三维数值模拟.吉林工业大学博士学位论文.1996:9-38页
    [21]童澄教,徐智,顾宏中.MPC系统模块结构中的流场研究.内燃机学报.1991(4):337-344页
    [22]王惠萍,张建华,蒋向佩等.四冲程直喷式废弃涡轮增压柴油机进气道的研究.吉林工业大学学报.1989(4):52-58页
    [23]方宏宇,穆海林,解茂昭.2维、3维可压缩流体分支流场的数值模拟.内燃机学报.1996(3):295-301页
    [24]帅金石,刘永长,胡欲立.单总管排气系统始端模件队为流场的测量与数值模拟.内燃机工程.1999(1):5-10页
    [25]F Payri, J Benajes, J Galindo and J R Serrano. Modelling of turbochargeddiesel engines in transient operation. Part2:wave action models for calculating the transient operation in a high speed direct injection enjgine, Proc Instn Mech Engrs Vol216 Part D:J Automobile Engineering.2002.D06501
    [26]韩同群,马样宁.应用CFD/CAD技术对柴油机进气系管进行优化设计.内燃机.2006(2):13-16页
    [27]张有,顾宏中.车用发动机增压系统的选型及计算分析.车用发动机.2001(6):24-27页
    [28]刘毅,黄佑生.12V车用柴油机排气系统研究.燃烧科学与技术.1999(3):304-307页
    [29]帅金石,王志,王建昕.发动机CAD/CFD设计技术汽车工程.2004(5):581-584页
    [30]Christoph Heinrich, Otmar Scharrer, Peter Gebhard. Investigation of a 2-step Valve Train and its Influence on Combustion by Means of Coupled CFD Simulation. SAE TECHNICAL PAPER SERIES.2005-01-0690
    [31]谭建伟,葛蕴珊,毕哗,韩秀坤,高力平.基于一维/三维耦合技术的汽车进气谐振器设计.汽车工程.2007:859-864页
    [32]Mackey D 0, Blair G P, Fleck K. Correlation of Simulated and Measured Noise Emission Using a Combined 1D/3D Computational Technique. SAE TECHNICAL PAPER SERIES.1997-970801
    [33]叶明辉,黄露,帅石金,王志,王建昕.基于一维、三维及耦合模型的汽油机进气系统优化.车用柴油机.2007,6:44-49页
    [34]Gangurde P R, Ashokarajan G. Simulation of Intake System for Two Cylinder Naturally Aspirated In-Direct Injection Engine. SAE TECHNICAL PAPER SERIES.2004-32-0030
    [35]Devendra Deshmukh, Rajesh Kumar, Garg Manish, etal. Optimisation of Gas Exchange Process on a Single Cylinder Small 4-Stroke Engine by Intake and Exhaust Tuning:Experimentation and Simulation. SAE TECHNICAL PAPER SERIES.2004-32-0007
    [36]刘藏会.HND-MWM234系列柴油机.柴油机.1993,1:1-4页
    [37]朱访君,吴坚.内燃机工作过程数值计算及其优化.北京:国防工业出 版社,1997:6-9页
    [38]Heywood J B. Internalcombustion engine fundamentals. McGraw-Hill book Company,1988
    [39]Tutorial of GT-POWER. CDAJ,7-75P,94-130P
    [40]蒋德明.高等内燃机原理.西安:西安交通大学出版社,2002:236-271页
    [41]刘峥,张扬军.内燃机一维非定常流动.北京:清华大学出版社,2007:162,221-226页
    [42]朱小慧,顾宏中.模拟一维非定常流动的FVM-TVD法.内燃机学报.2001,19(1):169-172页
    [43]谢宇法,黄宜谅,张立梅,孙贞义.单缸柴油机进气流动的模拟计算.内燃机学报.1990(1):65-70页
    [44]崔欣洁.TBD234V12柴油机排气系统流场的三维数值模拟.哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文.2007:54-55页
    [45]王德海,孙平,贝绍轶.柴油机螺旋进气道三维造型.江苏理工大学学报.1997,18(5):43-48页
    [46]常思勤,何小明.柴油机螺旋进气道的参数化设计.武汉汽车工业大学学报.1999,21(1):10-14页
    [47]王志,黄荣华.螺旋进气道CAD/CFD优化设计方法的研究.小型内燃机与摩托车.2003,32(2):10-14页
    [48]常思勤,刘雪洪.螺旋进气道的三维造型设计研究.内燃机工程.2000,3:23-27页
    [49]谢正义,朱强,徐春林.Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 2.0中文版.北京:中国电力出版社,2005:21-142页
    [50]胡欲立,刘伯棠,徐海涛,帅石金.MPC模块三分支联接湍流流场的数值模拟.华中理工大学学报.1997(6):50-52页
    [51]郭中朝,顾宏中.MPC增压系统的研究.柴油机.1998(6):12-16页
    [52]胡欲立,刘永长,刘伯棠.MPC增压系统多维流场的研究.增压技术.1996:44-46页
    [53]卢浩义,邹宝瑜,高桐生.车用柴油机MPC增压系统设计与试验研究.内燃机工程.1992:38-44页
    [54]万本华,刘永长,熊亚东.增压柴油机MPC排气系统优化设计.产品研究.13-17页
    [55]沈卫明,王新才.在涡轮增压柴油机模拟计算中MPC边界的处理方法研究.北方交通大学学报.1986:45-52页
    [56]王洋.某长行程相继增压柴油机性能及增压系统的逆向设计.哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文.2007:67-68页
    [57]李勤.FEV公司的小型高速4气门直喷式柴油机.国外内燃机.1998,1:9-17页
    [58]韩占中,王敬,兰小平.FLUENT流体工程仿真计算实例与应用.北京理工大学出版社.2005:35-36页
    [59]周天孝,白文.CFD多块网格生成新进展.力学进展.1999,29(3):344-368页
    [60]王福军.计算流体力学分析:CFD软件原理与应用.清华大学出版社.2004:116-137页
    [61]陶文铨.数值传热学.西安:西安交通大学出版社出版.1988,7:416-485页
    [62]R. I. Issa, Solution of the implicity discretised fluid flow equations by operatior-splitting. J. Compute. phys.1986(62): 40-65P
    [63]周松,王传博,马强.内燃机换气系统弯曲圆形管道流场的三维数值模拟研究.哈尔滨工程大学学报.1999,20(5):32-42页
    [64]王娅萍.16V柴油机增压匹配与排气系统的研究开发.山东大学硕士学位论文.2006:48-51页

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700