摘要
本论文针对煤矿斜井运输时经常发生的矿车跑车事故,利用PLC技术、自动控制技术、传感器技术、钢丝绳无损检测技术实现了斜井运输的综合监控,有效地避免了斜井运输时发生跑车,造成重大事故。
论文以西门子S7-200PLC为控制核心,由检测行人的红外线传感器、钢丝绳断丝检测传感器、提升钢丝绳受力传感器、矿车速度传感器及挡网到位传感器等组成。斜井常闭式防跑车安全装置采用常闭式档杠和拦网,使用380V防爆电机传动。系统实现了钢丝绳动态检测,行人与行车闭锁及报警,矿车掉道自锁及报警,跑车自锁及报警,超速自锁及报警,到挡开网等六大功能,解决了斜井提升中由于掉道、断绳、超速等原因引起串车跑车而引发重大的煤矿事故。
论文针对斜井运输综合监控,给出了系统的具体实施方案和以PLC为核心的系统硬件方案以及关键的软件程序,并利用单片机与PLC的通讯,实现了监控数据的显示和报警。论文同时设计了系统组成的关键传感器——提升钢丝绳受力传感器,另外通过磁检测法检测钢丝绳受损情况,并给出了磁路结构设计方法,以及设计励磁器的有关计算参数。
系统实现了斜井运输的综合监控,达到了多功能、多保障的性能,为斜井提升运输的综合监控提供了先进、可靠的工具。目前系统已成功应用于新泰市新泰煤矿和沈村煤矿,其运行可靠,取得了较好的安全效果。
The thesis aims at car-running accident in the transportation of slope mine. It realizes integrated monitor on slope mine transportation using PLC technology, automation technology, and NDE (nondestructive testing) technology, avoids effectually car-running that does a lot of damage.
The control core is SIEMENS S7-200PLC, and detecting man infrared testing, detecting steel-wire broken sensor, detecting steel-rope tension sensor, detecting pit car speed sensor and detecting backstop position sensor. Normally closed anti-car-running instrument is used net-block and stick-block, it is driven by 380V approved electric motor. This system realizes six main functions: dynamic detecting on steel-rope, interlock and alarm when man and tramcars go along, self-lock and alarm when tramcars break the rail, self-lock and alarm of car-running, self-lock and alarm of overspeed, raising the net-block when tramcars coming. It avoids serious mine accident because of car-running, steel-rope broken, and overspeed in slope mine transportation.
The thesis offers the material scheme of system, the hardware project based on PLC, and the key software program, using communication of single-chip and PLC, the system realizes display and alarming of monitoring data. Secondly, The thesis designs the main sensor that detects the pulling force of steel-rope. Thirdly, the system detects destructive steel-rope by Magnetic Testing method, and offers the structural design of magnetizing exciter and the correlative calculation parameter.
The system realizes integrated monitor and control on slope-mine transportation, and obtains multifunctional and multi-ensure performance, and offers advanced and reliable instrument for slope-mine transportation. At present, this system has been applied at XinTai city XinTai coalmine and ShenCun coalmine successfully, the operation is reliable, and the secure effect is preferable.
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