沿海地区生态环境评价及生态建设研究
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摘要
本文根据沿海地区生态环境的特点和规律,研究了沿海地区生态环境评价方法和生态体系建设。通过对江苏省东台市生态环境质量调查监测和生态环境安全度评价,辨析沿海地区生态环境问题与生态环境脆弱区,明确生态功能区,制定生态产业体系建设和资源环境保护方案。本研究取得如下成果：
1、选取陆地海洋生态危害指数、陆地与海洋生态保护指数和陆地与海洋自然环境指数和污染负荷、人居生活、工业治理、土地资源、环保投资、森林绿地、海洋资源、城市治理等相关指标,划分为目标层、准则层、领域层和指标层四个层次,构建了沿海地区生态环境质量评价指标体系。
2、采用5个等级进行描述,评语为：{很好,好,一般,差,很差},结合评价指标体系,得出不同评价指标的评分值R={5,4,3,2,1}。
3、按照评价模型对东台生态环境进行综合评价,得到自然环境指数4.5999,生态危害指数4.5428,生态保护指数4.4667,综合评分4.5803。东台市生态环境综合评价为一般,安全度为预警状态。
4、将东台市生态功能区划分为四个：里下河低平原生态功能区、堤东水土保持生态功能区、沿海滩涂生态功能区、近海渔业生态功能区。确定了2个重要生态功能区：泰东河、通榆河清水通道维护区东台段和沿海滩涂生物多样性保护生态功能区。明确了“五区”界限,即重点开发区域、适度开发区域、战略储备区域、限制开发区域、禁止开发区域。
5、提出了东台生态产业体系建设方案；对东台市湿地及生物多样性进行了调查和分析,提出了保护的重点：沿海滩涂湿地及生物多样性、里下河水系上游的净水源地、农田生态系统的生物多样性。
6、对重点资源的开发监管和生态恢复进行了研究。主要包括：修复水生态系统,制定了滩涂生态经济区、里下河生态经济发展区、沿海生态经济发展区、人居建设用地等地区的开发和监管方案。
According to the characteristics and laws of ecological environment in the coastal areas,this article research the evaluation methods of eco-environment in the coastal areas. Through the investigation and monitoring of ecological environment of Dongtai city.It assess the quality and eco-environmental security in Jiangsu Province and analyse the ecological environment and ecological environment vulnerable area in the coastal areas.A clear ecological functional area is formulated. Eco-industry construction environmental protection programmes and resources of the system are developed alse. The achievements as following:
1、The study select land marine ecological against index, and land and marine ecological protection index and land and marine natural environment index and pollution load, and people home life, and industrial governance, and land resources, and environmental investment, and forest green, and marine resources, and city governance, related index, Division for target layer, and guidelines layer, and area layer and index layer four a level, construction has coastal areas ecological environment quality evaluation index system.
2、The study describes5levels, reviews for:{very good, good, poor, poor}, combined with evaluation index system and evaluation index of different score values R={5,4,3,2,1}.
3、The study evaluate ecological environment of Dongtai in accordance with the evaluation model. The results obtained as follows:the natural environment index4.5999,4.5428ecological risk index, index4.4667on ecological protection, comprehensive scoring4.5803. Comprehensive evaluation of ecological environment of Dongtai city, security alert status.
4、The study divided eco-functional regionalization in Dongtai city into four:in lixiahe plain ecological functional area, and the beach East ecological function of soil and water conservation ecological functional area, the coastal areas, and coastal seas fisheries ecological functional area. Determine the important ecological functional area2:Thailand and the East River, the tongyu river water channel maintenance area protection of Dongtai and coastal biological diversity and ecological functions. Identifies "five" limits, moderate, focusing on development of regional development, strategic reserve areas, and limited development area, the prohibition of the development zone.
5、The achievement introduced a programme of construction of ecological industry system in Dongtai; Dongtai wetlands and biodiversity survey and analysis, and made the focus of protection:coastal wetland in lixiahe and bio-diversity, net of the upper reaches of the river water, agro-ecosystem biodiversity.
6、The article study ecological restoration and development monitoring for key resource. Includes:repairing water eco-system, developed Beach ecological economic development of eco-economic area, in lixiahe area construction of ecological economic development zone, UN-Habitat, coastal development and regulation of the land and other regions.
1、选取陆地海洋生态危害指数、陆地与海洋生态保护指数和陆地与海洋自然环境指数和污染负荷、人居生活、工业治理、土地资源、环保投资、森林绿地、海洋资源、城市治理等相关指标,划分为目标层、准则层、领域层和指标层四个层次,构建了沿海地区生态环境质量评价指标体系。
2、采用5个等级进行描述,评语为：{很好,好,一般,差,很差},结合评价指标体系,得出不同评价指标的评分值R={5,4,3,2,1}。
3、按照评价模型对东台生态环境进行综合评价,得到自然环境指数4.5999,生态危害指数4.5428,生态保护指数4.4667,综合评分4.5803。东台市生态环境综合评价为一般,安全度为预警状态。
4、将东台市生态功能区划分为四个：里下河低平原生态功能区、堤东水土保持生态功能区、沿海滩涂生态功能区、近海渔业生态功能区。确定了2个重要生态功能区：泰东河、通榆河清水通道维护区东台段和沿海滩涂生物多样性保护生态功能区。明确了“五区”界限,即重点开发区域、适度开发区域、战略储备区域、限制开发区域、禁止开发区域。
5、提出了东台生态产业体系建设方案；对东台市湿地及生物多样性进行了调查和分析,提出了保护的重点：沿海滩涂湿地及生物多样性、里下河水系上游的净水源地、农田生态系统的生物多样性。
6、对重点资源的开发监管和生态恢复进行了研究。主要包括：修复水生态系统,制定了滩涂生态经济区、里下河生态经济发展区、沿海生态经济发展区、人居建设用地等地区的开发和监管方案。
According to the characteristics and laws of ecological environment in the coastal areas,this article research the evaluation methods of eco-environment in the coastal areas. Through the investigation and monitoring of ecological environment of Dongtai city.It assess the quality and eco-environmental security in Jiangsu Province and analyse the ecological environment and ecological environment vulnerable area in the coastal areas.A clear ecological functional area is formulated. Eco-industry construction environmental protection programmes and resources of the system are developed alse. The achievements as following:
1、The study select land marine ecological against index, and land and marine ecological protection index and land and marine natural environment index and pollution load, and people home life, and industrial governance, and land resources, and environmental investment, and forest green, and marine resources, and city governance, related index, Division for target layer, and guidelines layer, and area layer and index layer four a level, construction has coastal areas ecological environment quality evaluation index system.
2、The study describes5levels, reviews for:{very good, good, poor, poor}, combined with evaluation index system and evaluation index of different score values R={5,4,3,2,1}.
3、The study evaluate ecological environment of Dongtai in accordance with the evaluation model. The results obtained as follows:the natural environment index4.5999,4.5428ecological risk index, index4.4667on ecological protection, comprehensive scoring4.5803. Comprehensive evaluation of ecological environment of Dongtai city, security alert status.
4、The study divided eco-functional regionalization in Dongtai city into four:in lixiahe plain ecological functional area, and the beach East ecological function of soil and water conservation ecological functional area, the coastal areas, and coastal seas fisheries ecological functional area. Determine the important ecological functional area2:Thailand and the East River, the tongyu river water channel maintenance area protection of Dongtai and coastal biological diversity and ecological functions. Identifies "five" limits, moderate, focusing on development of regional development, strategic reserve areas, and limited development area, the prohibition of the development zone.
5、The achievement introduced a programme of construction of ecological industry system in Dongtai; Dongtai wetlands and biodiversity survey and analysis, and made the focus of protection:coastal wetland in lixiahe and bio-diversity, net of the upper reaches of the river water, agro-ecosystem biodiversity.
6、The article study ecological restoration and development monitoring for key resource. Includes:repairing water eco-system, developed Beach ecological economic development of eco-economic area, in lixiahe area construction of ecological economic development zone, UN-Habitat, coastal development and regulation of the land and other regions.
引文
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