五种草坪草抗盐性研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
本课题是天津科委资助项目“天津盐碱地引种抗盐碱草坪草研究”的实验部分,即在实验室条件下测试、分析草坪草是否能在天津盐碱地上栽植生长,从而为下一步大量应用提供理论依据和实践指导。作者在阅读大量相关文献,了解国内外发展动态的基础上,根据甲方的要求,先采用土壤浸提液胁迫植物的方法、后采用人工配制盐溶液胁迫植物的方法对草坪草进行观测与分析。
     本文以甲方提供的无芒雀麦、‘交战Ⅱ’、‘翠碧A’、‘小野马’、‘回报’五种草坪草为材料,分别研究了它们在天津盐碱土浸提液胁迫下的生长状况、生物量、含水量、离子含量、脯氨酸含量和叶绿素含量以及它们在人工配制NaCl溶液胁迫下的脯氨酸含量、叶绿素含量等有关生理指标的变化及其与抗盐性之间的关系,并分析其抗盐性及抗盐能力的大小。实验结果如下:在天津盐碱土浸提液胁迫下,五种草坪草生长状况良好,说明它们具有一定的抗盐碱能力,但是无芒雀麦的观赏特性不如其它四种草坪草;‘回报’、无芒雀麦、‘交战Ⅱ’的抗盐能力大于‘翠碧A’和‘小野马’。在人工配制NaCl溶液胁迫下,‘回报’和无芒雀麦的抗盐能力最强。综合以上两种研究方法的结果,五种草坪草均有一定的抗盐碱能力。其中‘回报’、无芒雀麦的抗盐能力最强,其次为‘交战Ⅱ’,‘翠碧A’和‘小野马’的抗盐能力最弱。但是就抗盐性和观赏性两方面而言,‘回报’和‘交战Ⅱ’是最适合在天津盐碱地引种的草坪草。
This subject is the experiment part of the project: "The study of salt resistant turf grass species introduced into Tianjin and planted on saline-alkali soil in Tianjin" financed by Tianjin Science Committee Foundation. Turf grasses were tested and analysed under condition of laboratory in order to prove if they can be planted on saline-alkali soil in Tianjin. Author read a lot of literatures interrelated and understanded the tends of studies of salt resistance. Two kinds of salt stress means with permeance of Tianjin saline-alkali soil and NaCl solution were used according with demand of Tianjin Science Committee.
    The experiments were carried out with Brumus Inerme, Festuca arundinacea 'Crossfire II ', Festuca arundinacea 'Triple A' , Festuca arundinacea 'Mini Mustang ' , Poa pratensis 'Reward' which were offered by Tianjin Science Committee. The main strain indexes such as Bio mass. Water content. Ion content, Proline and Chlorophyll contents were surveyed under the salt stress with permeance of Tianjin saline-alkali soil; Proline and Chlorophyll contents were determined under the salt stress with NaCl solution. The results were concluded as follows: Five kinds of turf grasses have certain salt resistant capacities under the salt stress with permeance of Tianjin saline-alkali soil. The capacitis to salt resistance of Poa pratensis 'Reward' , Brumus Inerme, Festuca arundinacea 'Crossfire II' are stronger than Festuca arundinacea 'Triple A' , Festuca arundinacea 'Mini Mustang '. But the biological speciality of Brumus Inerme is worse than the others. The capacitis to salt resistance of Poa pratensis 'Reward' and Brumus
     Inerme are the strongest under the salt stress with NaCl solution. In a word , five kinds of turf grasses have salt resistant capacities. Poa pratensis 'Reward' and Festuca arundinacea 'Crossfire II' are the salt resistance species which can be planted on saline-alkali soil in Tianjin if the salt resistance and view speciality are all considered.
引文
1 马焕成,王沙生.胡杨对渗透胁迫和盐分胁迫的不同响应.西南林学院学报,1998,18(1):1~7
    2 马焕成,罗明灿等.植物抗盐研究中存在的误区和问题.辽宁林业科技,1996,3:49~50
    3 万贤崇,宋永俊.盐胁迫及其钙调节对竹子根系活力和丙二醛含量的影响.南京林业大学学报,1995,19(3):16~19
    4 山东农业大学.土壤学.北京.农业出版社(2版),1990:335~336
    5 天津市农业局.天津市土壤及其利用,1960
    6 中国土壤学会农业化学专业委员会.土壤农业化学常规分析方法(1版),1983:204~216
    7 尹尚军.NaCl与Na_2CO_3对水培小麦幼苗胁迫作用的比较.浙江万里学院学报,2002,15(1):54~57
    8 尹尚军,石德成,颜宏.N_2CO_3胁迫下星星草胁变反应与时间及胁强的关系.草业学报,1999,8(4):46~50
    9 王庆亚,刘敏等.盐胁迫对盐角草种子萌发与幼苗生长效应的研究.江苏农业科学,2002,2:69~71
    10 王宝山,赵可夫,邹琦.作物耐盐机理研究进展及提高作物抗盐性的对策.植物学通报,1997,14(增刊):25~30
    11 王萍,郭继勋.盐碱化草地常见牧草耐盐机理研究.东北师大学报自然科学版,1998,3:116~119
    12 王萍,郭继勋.盐碱化草地常见牧草耐盐机理研究.东北师大学报自然科学版,1998,3:116~119
    13 王邦锡,黄久常,王辉.不同植物在水分胁迫条件下脯氨酸的累积与抗旱性的关系[J].植物生理学报,1989,15(1):46—56
    14 付莉,孙玉峰,褚继芳等耐盐碱植物研究概述.林业科技,2001,26(7):16~18
    15 石德成,赵可夫.NaCl、Na_2CO_3胁迫下星星草根际K~+、Na~+、Ca~(2+)的生理行为.应用与环境生物学报,1997,3(2):112~118
    16 石德成,盛艳敏.不同盐浓度的混合盐对羊草苗的胁迫效应.植物学报,1998,40(12):1136~1142
    17 石德成 东北碱化草地主要成份NaCO_3对羊草危害因素分析[J].草业学报,1993,(1):1~5
    18 孙国荣,阎秀峰,肖玮.星星草耐盐碱生理机制的初步研究.武汉植物学研究,1997,15(2):162~166
    
    
    19 孙国荣,关旸,阎秀峰.盐胁迫对星星草幼苗保护酶系统的影响.草地学报,2001,9(1):34~38
    20 孙国荣,陈月艳,关旸,阎秀峰.盐碱胁迫下星星草种子萌发过程中有机物、呼吸作用及其几种酶活性的变化.植物研究,1999,19(4):445~451
    21 李艳华,杨敏生等.树木抗盐生理研究进展.河北林果研究,2000,15(2):189~196
    22 李艳波,陈月艳等.盐碱胁迫下星星草种子萌发过程中氮代谢的初步.研究物研究,1999,19(2):154~158
    23 李培夫.盐碱地的生物改良与抗盐植物的开发利用.垦殖与稻作,1999,3:38~40
    24 李万海,田永峰等.采用隔离层阻碱法进行盐碱地造林.林业科技,2001,26(4):12~13
    25 吕芝香,王正刚.盐胁迫下Ca~(2+)对小麦根无机离子分布和膜脂脂肪酸的影响.植物生理学报,1993,19(4):325~332
    26 吕芝香,乙引.NaCl对小麦苗叶片脯氨酸氧化酶活性和游离脯氨酸累积的影响.植物生理学报,1992,18(4):376~382
    27 朱新广,张其德.NaCl对光合作用影响的研究进展.植物学通报,1999,16(4):332~338
    28 刘家尧等.盐胁迫对不同抗盐性小麦叶片荧光诱导动力学的影响.植物学通报,1998,15(2):46~49
    29 刘友良等.植物耐盐性研究进展.植物生理学通讯,1987,24(4):1~7
    30 江行玉,窦君霞,王正秋.NaCl对玉米和棉花光合作用与渗透调节能力影响的比较(简报).植物生理学通讯,2001,37(4):303~305
    31 陈建勋,王晓峰.植物生理学实验指导.华南理工大学出版社,2002
    32 陈月艳,孙国荣,李景信.碳酸钠胁迫对星星草种子萌发的影响.黑龙江畜牧科技,1997,1:4~7
    33 余叔文,汤章城.植物生理与分子生物学.北京:科学出版社,1998
    34 张殿京,李悦生,孙国庆等天津盐碱土壤建植草坪的研究.天津农学院学报,1999,6(4):9~13
    35 张万钧.盐渍土绿化.北京:中国环境科学出版社,1999
    36 张淑红,张恩平等.植物耐盐性研究进展.北方园艺,2000,3:19~20
    37 张正斌.植物对环境胁迫整体抗逆性研究若干问题.西北农业学报,2000,9(3)112~116
    38 何开跃,郭春梅.盐胁迫对3种竹子体内SOD,POD活性的影响.江苏林业科技,1995,22(4):11~14
    39 何若天,覃伟.植物单盐毒害和离子拮抗机理研究Ⅰ·单盐和混合盐对植物原生质体膜某些特性、超氧物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性的影响.广西植物,1990,10(4):329~342
    40 邱念伟,杨洪兵等.Na~+/H~+逆向转运蛋白及其与植物耐盐性的关系.植物生理学通讯,2001,37(3):260~264
    41 汤章城 逆境条件下植物脯氨酸累积及其可能的意义.植物生理学通讯,1984,(1):15~21
    
    
    42 孟康敏,于雷等.盐分胁迫下树木生理特性初探.辽宁林业科技,1998,4:41~42
    43 孟康敏.绒毛白蜡等树种耐盐力研究.辽宁林业科技,1999,3:42~46
    44 沈惠娟,李梅枝等.盐胁迫下ABA对刺槐幼苗体内腐胺、脯氨酸和保护酶系统的影响.浙江林学院学报,1992,9(3):290~269
    45 罗庆云,於丙军,刘友良.大豆苗期耐盐性鉴定指标的检验.大豆科学,2001,20(3):177~182
    46 杨洪兵,丁顺华等.耐盐性不同的小麦根、根茎结合部的拒Na~+作用.植物生理学报,2001,27(2):179~185
    47 杨传平,焦喜才,刘文祥.树木的细胞膜透性与抗盐性.东北林业大学学报,1997,25(1):1~3
    48 於丙军,刘友良.大豆耐盐性研究进展.大豆科学,2000,19(2):154~159
    49 赵可夫.李法曾.中国盐生植物.北京:科学出版社,1999
    50 赵可夫,冯立田.中国盐生植物资源.北京:科学出版社,2001
    51 赵可夫.植物抗盐生理.北京:中国科学技术出版社,1993
    52 赵可夫.NaCl抑制棉花幼苗生长的机理——盐离子效应.植物生理学报,1989,15(2):173~178
    53 赵可夫,李法曾等.中国的盐生植物.植物学通报,1999,16(3):201~207
    54 赵可夫.盐生植物.植物学通报,1997,14(4):1~12
    55 赵可夫,王韵唐.作物抗性生理.北京:农业出版社,1990
    56 赵明范,葛成,翟志中.干旱地区次生盐碱地主要造林树种抗盐指标的确定及耐盐能力排序.林业科学研究,1997,10(2):194~198
    57 郭书奎,赵可夫.NaCl胁迫抑制玉米幼苗光合作用的可能机理.植物生理学报,2001,27(6):461~466
    58 祖康祺.土壤.北京.科学普及出版社(1版),1986:260~261
    59 贺志理,王洪春.NaCl预处理对盐胁迫下苜蓿中Na~+,Cl~-和脯氨酸累积分布的影响.植物生理学通讯,1992,28(5):330~334
    60 徐云岭,余叔文.植物适应盐逆境过程中的能量消耗.植物生理学通讯,1990,(6):70~73
    61 徐云岭,余叔文.苜蓿愈伤组织盐适应过程中的溶质积累.植物生理学报,1992,18(1):93~99
    62 梁建生,张建华.根系逆境信号ABA的产生和运输及其生理作用.植物生理学通讯,1998,34(5):329~338
    63 梁峥,骆爱玲.甜菜碱和甜菜碱合成酶.植物生理学通讯,1995,31(1):1~8
    64 阎秀峰,孙国荣.星星草生理生态学研究.北京.科学出版社,2000
    65 夏丽华,郭继勋磁处理种子对羊草生长及抗盐碱性的影响[J].草业学报,2001,10(1):
    
    58~63
    66 夏宁.冷季型草坪草耐盐性研究.林业科技通讯,2001,2:26~38
    67 章文华,刘友良.盐胁迫下钙对大麦和小麦离子吸收分配及H~+—ATP酶活性的影响.植物学报, 1993,35(6):435~440
    68 黄峻,姜彦秋等.我国牧草耐盐碱研究进展.植物学通报,1990,7(4):24~26
    69 曹福亮,赵永艳等.盐胁迫对南方7个造林树种生理特性的影响.山东林业科技,1997,6:1~8
    70 龚明,丁念诚,贺子仪等.盐胁迫下大麦和小麦叶片脂质过氧化伤害与超微结构变化的关系[J]. 植物学报,1989,31(11):841~846
    71 谢承陶.盐渍土改良原理与作物抗性.北京.中国农业科技出版社(1版),1993:76~78
    72 詹亚光,陈全涉等.盐胁迫下树木的K~+和Na~+含量变化特点及其耐盐性.东北林业大学学报,1999,27(1):24~27
    73 鲍士旦.土壤农化分析.北京.中国农业出版社(3版),北京,2000
    74 裴真明,汤章城.盐胁迫对高梁根质膜离子通道通透性的影响[J].植物学报,1995,37(1):41~47
    75 Ball M.C. Ecophysiology of mangroves. Trees. 1988, (2): 129~142
    76 Berta G, Fusconi A, Scannerini S. Morphogenetic modification induced by the mycorrhizal fungus Glomus strain E3 in root system of Allium porum L. New Phytologist. 1990, 114:207~215
    77 Clough B F, Sim R G. Changes in gas exchange characteristics and water use efficiency of mangroves in response to salinity and vapour pressure deficit. Oecologia. 1989, (79): 38~44
    78 Dionisio-Sese ML, Tobita S. Antioxidant responses of rice seedlings to salinity stress. Plant Sci. 1998, 135:1~9
    79 Dunn G.M. and Neales T.F. Are the effects of salinity on growth and leaf gas exchange related? Photosynthetica. 1993, 29:33~42.
    80 Flowers T.J, Troke P.F. and Yeo A.R.et al. The mechanism of salt tolerance in halophytes, Armu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 1977, 28:89~121
    81 Ghowail S.I. Abdel-Monem A.M., El-Ghamry W.M. and Saber N.E. Towards the rational use of salinity tolerant plant. Edited by H.Lieth and A.H. Masoom. Klumer Academic publisher. Dordrecht. 1993, Vol.1:237~244
    82 Greenway H. And Munns . Mechanisms of salt tolerance in non-halophytes. Ann. Rev. Plant Physio. 1980, 31:49~90
    83 Hernandez JA, Campillo A, Alaarcon JJ, Sevilla F. Desponse of antioxidant systems and leaf water relations to NaCl stress in pea plants. New Phytol. 1999, 141:241~251
    84 Levitt J. Responses of plants to environmental stresses(2nd edition), Vol 2. Academic press. New York. 1980
    
    
    85 J.H. Li, M. SAGI, J. GALE. Response of tomato plants to saline water as affected by carbon dioxide supplementation, I. Growth, yield and fruit quality. Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology, 1999, 74 (2): 232~237
    86 Leon Bernstein.植物耐盐的生理基础.植物生理学通讯,1981,(5):47~49
    87 Munns R, Passioura JB, Milborrow BV et al. Stored xylem sap from wheat and barley in drying soil contains a transpiration inhibitor with a large molecular size. Plant Cell Environ.1993, 16: 863~872
    88 Maslenkora LT. Adaptation to salinity as monitored by PS Ⅱ oxygen evolving reaction in barley thylakoids. J. of Plant Physiol. 1993, 142:629~634
    89 McCord JM, Fridovich I. Superoxide dismutase: An enzymic function for crythrocuprein(hemocuprein). J. Biol. Chen. 1969, 244:6049~6055
    90 Popp M., Polania J. and Weiper M. Physiological adaptation to different salinity levels in mangroves. In Toward the rational use of high salinity tolerant plant, ed. by Helmut lieth. Kluwer Academic Publisher, Dordrecht. 1993, Vol. 1:217~224
    91 Rather A, Jacoby B. Effect of K~+, its counter anion, and pH on solium efflux from barley root tips.J.Exp.Bot. 1976, 27:843
    92 Rao GG, Rao GR, Indian J. Exp. Biol. 1981, 19:768~770
    93 Sanders Det al. Tobin AK(ed). Plant Organells. Cambridge Univ Press, London, 1992:169
    94 Schachtman DP, Muuns K. Aust J plant physiol. 1992, 19:331
    95 Smirnoff N. Environment and Plant Metabolism:flexibility and acclimation. BIOS Scientific Publishers. Oxford. 1995
    96 Strogonow BP. New trends in the study of salt tolerance. Israel Program Sci. Transl Jerusalem. 1974, 1:24~29
    97 Valentina M. Activities of SOD and the ascorbate-glutation cycle enzymes in subcellular compartments in leaves and roots of the cultivated tomato and its wild salt-tolerant relative Lycopersicon pennellii. Plant Physiol. 2000, 33:65~77
    98 Vander Moezel P.G., Watson L.E. and Bell D.T. Gas exchange response of two Eucalyptus species to salinity and water logging. Tree Physiology. 1989, 5:251~257
    99 Wang Y. Photosynthetic adaptation to salt stress in three-color leaves of a C_4 plant Amaranthus tricolor. Plant Cell Physiol. 1999, 40:668~674
    100 Wei Shen, Aurelio Gomez-Cadenas, Elizabeth L. Routly. The Salt Stress-Inducible Protein Kinase Gene, Esi47,from the Salt-Tolerant Wheatgrass Lophopyrum elongatum Is Involved in Plant Hormone Signaling. Plant Physiology. 2001, 125 (3): 1429~1441
    101 Yardena GD, Zohara Y, Barbara A, Zinskas G, Hayyim B. Salt and oxidative stress: similar and specific responses and their relation to tolerance in Citrus. Planta. 1997, 203:460~469

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700