供应链环境下的信息系统语义互操作方法
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摘要
供应链网络往往涉及多个企业,而每个企业中都有一些自己的信息系统和数据库(企业遗留系统),它们之间很多信息和数据相互交叉,甚至重复,亟需整合。同时在供应链的合作过程中相关的企业信息系统涉及到企业的完整的产品线或产品族,包括PDM系统、ERP系统、SCM系统、CRM系统等等,这些信息系统之间需要进行交互和集成。尽管目前已有不少的数据集成方法和相应的工具投入到供应链环境下的业务协作应用中,然而由于企业信息系统的复杂性、异构数据源的多样性等诸多因素的制约,特别是企业新的应用需求,使得企业在供应链环境下的信息系统互操作变得相当复杂。
本文从理论建模和应用的角度对供应链环境下网络化企业信息系统的互操作方法进行了研究。主要研究内容如下：
第一章阐述了论文的研究背景,对供应链集成的国内外研究现状进行了分析,提出语义互操作是解决供应链环境中企业信息系统集成的有效解决方案；并对语义互操作中涉及的相关技术的研究现状进行了分析和总结；最后给出了论文的组织结构图,阐述了论文的研究基础、研究内容及研究意义。
第二章分析了供应链环境中的网络企业的SoS (系统的系统)特征,提出了Systems-of-Networked Enterprises(网络企业系统,SoNE)的范式；分析了供应链环境下企业信息系统集成和互操作的区别；从供应链环境下的信息系统互操作的需求出发,提出了供应链信息系统互操作的框架。
第三章研究了产品本体的构建方法。以企业信息系统集成的相关国际标准为基础(如IEC62264、ISO10303STEP-PDM等),采用模型驱动的本体建立方法,将产品设计、制造、运输等产品生命周期中相关业务信息和技术数据集成到一个通用的产品本体上。
第四章研究了供应链本体建立方法。采用SCOR模型作为供应链本体建立的基础概念和框架,按照Protege七步法来构建SCOR供应链本体；并采用OWLDL进行语义描述；以主床身订单生产为例,给出SCOR供应链本体实例。最后简单阐述了SCOR供应链本体的过程评价体系。
第五章研究了本体的融合和语义互操作方法。采用基于WordNet的本体映射和基于规则推理的相结合的方法实现产品本体与供应链本体的本体融合,构建以产品为中心的供应链本体库；通过本体库间的匹配和数据库与本体库的匹配两个方面来实现供应链信息系统的互操作；最后给出了实例。
第六章以某企业数控龙门导轨磨床的主床身供应链过程为例,验证了供应链信息系统互操作方法的可行性；并根据互操作原理,开发了供应链信息系统互操作平台原型系统,为供应链企业信息集成提供了一种可行的方案。
第七章对全文进行了总结,并对课题未来的研究方向进行了展望。
Multiple enterprises are usually involved in supply chain network, while almost each enterprise has its own information systems and databases (enterprise legacy systems). There are large quantities of information and data intersecting or even repeating with each other, which calls for system integration. Meanwhile in the cooperative process of supply chain, the whole product line or product family is involved in the enterprise systems, including PDM, ERP, SCM, and CRM et al, which also need interaction and integration. Although many data integration methods and corresponding tools have been applied to the business cooperation in the environment of supply chain, however the interoperability of enterprise information systems is becoming more and more complex, because of the restriction from lots of factors, such as the complexity of enterprise application systems and the diversity of heterogeneous data sources, especially the new application demands of enterprises,.
In this dissertation, the interoperability method of networked enterprise information systems in the environment of supply chain is studied, from the point of theoretical modeling and application. The main research contents are as follows:
Chapter1states the research background of the dissertation, analyzes the domestic and overseas research status of supply chain integration, and proposed semantic interoperation is an effective solution to deal with the integration of enterprise information systems. Meanwhile it analyzes and summarizes the research status of correlated techniques involved in semantic interoperation. Finally, the organizational chart of the dissertation is provided, stating the foundation, content and significance of research.
Chapter2analyzes the SoS (System-of-Systems) characteristic of networked enterprises in the environment of supply chain, proposed the SoNE (Systems-of-Networked Enterprises) paradigm. And then it analyzes the distinction between the interoperability and integration of enterprise information systems. Finally, it proposes the information system interoperability framework of supply chain enterprises based on the demand of information system interoperability in the environment of supply chain.
Chapter3studies the developing method of product ontology. Based on some international standards related to enterprise system integration (such as IEC62264, ISO10303and STEP-PDM et al.), the model-driven ontology developing method is adopted to integrate the business information and technology data related to product life cycle, including product design, make, deliver and et al, into a common shared product ontology.
Chapter4discusses the building method of supply chain ontology. Adopting SCOR model as the basic concepts and framework for supply chain ontology, the SCOR supply chain ontology is built by Protege seven-step method. Meanwhile the semantic description is made by OWL DL. Taking make-to-order of main machine bed as an example, an instance of SCOR supply chain ontology is given. Finally, a simple evaluation system is illustrated about SCOR supply chain ontology.
Chapter5researches the ontology merging and semantic interoperability methods. The method combining ontology mapping based on WordNet with reasoning based on rules is adopted to realize the merging of product ontology and supply chain ontology, to achieve a product-centric supply chain ontology. The information systems interoperability of supply chain enterprises is realized by the mapping among ontology and the mapping between databases and ontology. Finally, an instance is put forward in this chapter.
Chapter6takes the supply chain process of the double column CNC guideway&surface grinding machine in Machine Tool Company as an example to validate the method for information systems interoperability of supply chain enterprises. Meanwhile, according to interoperability principle, an information systems interoperability platform prototype of supply chain enterprises is developed, to provide as a feasible way for the information integration of supply chain enterprises.
Chapter7makes a summary for the whole dissertation, and looks into the future direction about this research topic.
本文从理论建模和应用的角度对供应链环境下网络化企业信息系统的互操作方法进行了研究。主要研究内容如下：
第一章阐述了论文的研究背景,对供应链集成的国内外研究现状进行了分析,提出语义互操作是解决供应链环境中企业信息系统集成的有效解决方案；并对语义互操作中涉及的相关技术的研究现状进行了分析和总结；最后给出了论文的组织结构图,阐述了论文的研究基础、研究内容及研究意义。
第二章分析了供应链环境中的网络企业的SoS (系统的系统)特征,提出了Systems-of-Networked Enterprises(网络企业系统,SoNE)的范式；分析了供应链环境下企业信息系统集成和互操作的区别；从供应链环境下的信息系统互操作的需求出发,提出了供应链信息系统互操作的框架。
第三章研究了产品本体的构建方法。以企业信息系统集成的相关国际标准为基础(如IEC62264、ISO10303STEP-PDM等),采用模型驱动的本体建立方法,将产品设计、制造、运输等产品生命周期中相关业务信息和技术数据集成到一个通用的产品本体上。
第四章研究了供应链本体建立方法。采用SCOR模型作为供应链本体建立的基础概念和框架,按照Protege七步法来构建SCOR供应链本体；并采用OWLDL进行语义描述；以主床身订单生产为例,给出SCOR供应链本体实例。最后简单阐述了SCOR供应链本体的过程评价体系。
第五章研究了本体的融合和语义互操作方法。采用基于WordNet的本体映射和基于规则推理的相结合的方法实现产品本体与供应链本体的本体融合,构建以产品为中心的供应链本体库；通过本体库间的匹配和数据库与本体库的匹配两个方面来实现供应链信息系统的互操作；最后给出了实例。
第六章以某企业数控龙门导轨磨床的主床身供应链过程为例,验证了供应链信息系统互操作方法的可行性；并根据互操作原理,开发了供应链信息系统互操作平台原型系统,为供应链企业信息集成提供了一种可行的方案。
第七章对全文进行了总结,并对课题未来的研究方向进行了展望。
Multiple enterprises are usually involved in supply chain network, while almost each enterprise has its own information systems and databases (enterprise legacy systems). There are large quantities of information and data intersecting or even repeating with each other, which calls for system integration. Meanwhile in the cooperative process of supply chain, the whole product line or product family is involved in the enterprise systems, including PDM, ERP, SCM, and CRM et al, which also need interaction and integration. Although many data integration methods and corresponding tools have been applied to the business cooperation in the environment of supply chain, however the interoperability of enterprise information systems is becoming more and more complex, because of the restriction from lots of factors, such as the complexity of enterprise application systems and the diversity of heterogeneous data sources, especially the new application demands of enterprises,.
In this dissertation, the interoperability method of networked enterprise information systems in the environment of supply chain is studied, from the point of theoretical modeling and application. The main research contents are as follows:
Chapter1states the research background of the dissertation, analyzes the domestic and overseas research status of supply chain integration, and proposed semantic interoperation is an effective solution to deal with the integration of enterprise information systems. Meanwhile it analyzes and summarizes the research status of correlated techniques involved in semantic interoperation. Finally, the organizational chart of the dissertation is provided, stating the foundation, content and significance of research.
Chapter2analyzes the SoS (System-of-Systems) characteristic of networked enterprises in the environment of supply chain, proposed the SoNE (Systems-of-Networked Enterprises) paradigm. And then it analyzes the distinction between the interoperability and integration of enterprise information systems. Finally, it proposes the information system interoperability framework of supply chain enterprises based on the demand of information system interoperability in the environment of supply chain.
Chapter3studies the developing method of product ontology. Based on some international standards related to enterprise system integration (such as IEC62264, ISO10303and STEP-PDM et al.), the model-driven ontology developing method is adopted to integrate the business information and technology data related to product life cycle, including product design, make, deliver and et al, into a common shared product ontology.
Chapter4discusses the building method of supply chain ontology. Adopting SCOR model as the basic concepts and framework for supply chain ontology, the SCOR supply chain ontology is built by Protege seven-step method. Meanwhile the semantic description is made by OWL DL. Taking make-to-order of main machine bed as an example, an instance of SCOR supply chain ontology is given. Finally, a simple evaluation system is illustrated about SCOR supply chain ontology.
Chapter5researches the ontology merging and semantic interoperability methods. The method combining ontology mapping based on WordNet with reasoning based on rules is adopted to realize the merging of product ontology and supply chain ontology, to achieve a product-centric supply chain ontology. The information systems interoperability of supply chain enterprises is realized by the mapping among ontology and the mapping between databases and ontology. Finally, an instance is put forward in this chapter.
Chapter6takes the supply chain process of the double column CNC guideway&surface grinding machine in Machine Tool Company as an example to validate the method for information systems interoperability of supply chain enterprises. Meanwhile, according to interoperability principle, an information systems interoperability platform prototype of supply chain enterprises is developed, to provide as a feasible way for the information integration of supply chain enterprises.
Chapter7makes a summary for the whole dissertation, and looks into the future direction about this research topic.
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