网络学习行为的实时监控研究与实践
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摘要
随着Internet在我国的逐步普及和终身学习的学习型社会的到来,网络教育蓬勃发展。目前,网络教育的重心从初始的教学资源提供转向教学活动组织。在组织教学活动时,大多数网校往往把注意力集中在知识内容组织、网络课程设计、学习资源提供等方面,而忽视了对注册学生的学习监控,这是造成目前网络学习质量不够高的一个重要原因。
本文首先对网络学习行为、网络学习行为监控两方面的国内外研究状况进行文献研究;接着系统阐述了网络学习行为的内涵和网络学习行为监控的意义,提出了网络学习行为监控框架、基于电大在线学习平台的数据采集方法等;之后本文研究了web数据挖掘技术,提出了应用Web日志挖掘技术进行学习行为智能反馈的方法。本文通过对系统关键技术的研究,提出了学习行为智能监控模型、数据库架构等,最后进行系统设计和应用效果分析。本文给出了若干解决网络学习行为监控问题的新思路和新方法,比如学习行为数据采集采用服务器日志结合电大在线学习平台后台数据库技术,避免了学习行为数据的不准确;提出了采用web数据挖掘技术进行学习行为反馈等等。
本文设计并实现了一个具有一定综合性、智能性的网络学习行为监控系统,该系统能对学生网络学习行为、电大教学平台运行情况进行监控和数据收集,并支持将数据进行挖掘得出相似群体、相关问题等实现智能反馈。本文的研究将有力促进网络教育的教学过程管理,并为网络教育的教学质量提供了重要的保证。
Along with popularization of Internet in China and the coming of a learning-oriented society, network education is flourishing. Now the focus of network education is transferring from providing teaching resources to organizing teaching activities. When organizing teaching activities, most of network schools always focus on the knowledge content organization, the designing of the network curriculum, the providing of the learning resources, but neglect the monitoring of the registered students, which is an important reason for low quality of network learning.
The paper first has a literature review of the features of E-learning behavior, learning monitoring, and the monitoring of E-learning behavior published at home and abroad; and then puts forward a framework of E-learning monitoring and data collection methods based on online learning platforms of Radio and TV Universities after systematically presenting the meaning of E-learning behavior and significance of the monitoring of E-learning behavior. At the end of this paper, with a study on webdata mining, the author, with web log mining technology, gets the intelligent feedback of learning behavior. After a study on the key technology of the system, the paper presents a system model and database schema of the monitoring system of learning behavior, and then analyzes system design and effects of application of this system. The paper proposes several new ways of solving the problems of monitoring E-learning behavior, such as combining server log with database technology of online learning platforms of TV and Radio Universities when data collection of learning behavior so as to avoid inaccurate data about learning behavior; and getting the intelligent feedback of learning behavior by means of webdata mining technology.
The paper designs and realizes a comprehensive and intelligent monitoring system of E-learning behavior, which can monitor learners' E-learning behavior and teaching platforms of TV and Radio Universities, can collect these data, and can get intelligent feedback from similar groups and related problems after mining these data.
本文首先对网络学习行为、网络学习行为监控两方面的国内外研究状况进行文献研究;接着系统阐述了网络学习行为的内涵和网络学习行为监控的意义,提出了网络学习行为监控框架、基于电大在线学习平台的数据采集方法等;之后本文研究了web数据挖掘技术,提出了应用Web日志挖掘技术进行学习行为智能反馈的方法。本文通过对系统关键技术的研究,提出了学习行为智能监控模型、数据库架构等,最后进行系统设计和应用效果分析。本文给出了若干解决网络学习行为监控问题的新思路和新方法,比如学习行为数据采集采用服务器日志结合电大在线学习平台后台数据库技术,避免了学习行为数据的不准确;提出了采用web数据挖掘技术进行学习行为反馈等等。
本文设计并实现了一个具有一定综合性、智能性的网络学习行为监控系统,该系统能对学生网络学习行为、电大教学平台运行情况进行监控和数据收集,并支持将数据进行挖掘得出相似群体、相关问题等实现智能反馈。本文的研究将有力促进网络教育的教学过程管理,并为网络教育的教学质量提供了重要的保证。
Along with popularization of Internet in China and the coming of a learning-oriented society, network education is flourishing. Now the focus of network education is transferring from providing teaching resources to organizing teaching activities. When organizing teaching activities, most of network schools always focus on the knowledge content organization, the designing of the network curriculum, the providing of the learning resources, but neglect the monitoring of the registered students, which is an important reason for low quality of network learning.
The paper first has a literature review of the features of E-learning behavior, learning monitoring, and the monitoring of E-learning behavior published at home and abroad; and then puts forward a framework of E-learning monitoring and data collection methods based on online learning platforms of Radio and TV Universities after systematically presenting the meaning of E-learning behavior and significance of the monitoring of E-learning behavior. At the end of this paper, with a study on webdata mining, the author, with web log mining technology, gets the intelligent feedback of learning behavior. After a study on the key technology of the system, the paper presents a system model and database schema of the monitoring system of learning behavior, and then analyzes system design and effects of application of this system. The paper proposes several new ways of solving the problems of monitoring E-learning behavior, such as combining server log with database technology of online learning platforms of TV and Radio Universities when data collection of learning behavior so as to avoid inaccurate data about learning behavior; and getting the intelligent feedback of learning behavior by means of webdata mining technology.
The paper designs and realizes a comprehensive and intelligent monitoring system of E-learning behavior, which can monitor learners' E-learning behavior and teaching platforms of TV and Radio Universities, can collect these data, and can get intelligent feedback from similar groups and related problems after mining these data.
引文
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[3]彭文辉,杨宗凯,黄克斌.网络学习行为分析及其模型研究[J].中国电化教育,2006,(10)
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[5]丁兴富.远程教育学[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2001
[6]高毅,申瑞民,杨帆,韩鹏.基于开放E-Learning平台的学生行为分析中心[J].计算机工程,2004,(8)
[7]杨清莲,周庆敏,常志玲.Web挖掘技术及其在网络教学评价中的应用[J].南京工业大学学报,2005,(9)
[8]黄萍.高校学生网络自主学习行为的调查研究[J].开放教育研究,2004,(6)
[9]罗立胜,何福胜,杨芳.理工科学生外语学习行为模式的探讨[J].外语与外语教学,2001,(9)
[10]李瑛.基于因特网的远程学习行为研究[J].湖南电大学报,2004,(2)
[11]胡运安等.基于SCORM的学习行为采集模型的设计与实现[J].计算机工程与应用,2004,(33)
[12]David H.Jonassen,Lucia Rohrer-Murphy.Activity Theory as a Framework for Designing Constructivist Learning Environments,www.coe.missouri.edu/-jonassen/courses/CLE/documents/activity.pdf
[13]Du Jin,Zheng Qinghua.The Research of Mining Association Rules between Personality and Behavior of Learner under Web-Based Learning Environment.[EB/OL],www.uu.edu/personalihli/publications/icw12005-Du.pdf.2006-3-1
[14]杨开城,李文光等.现代教学设计的理伦体系初探[J].中国电化教育,2002,(2)
[15]武法提.基于WEB的学习环境设计[J].电化教育研究,2000,(4)
[16]李国敏,汪晓熹,施志毅.网络学习行为特征探究[J].电大教学,2001,(6)
[17]董奇,周勇.论学生学习的自我监控[J].北京师范大学学报,1994,(10)
[18]董奇,周勇.自我监控与智力[M].浙江杭州:浙江人民出版社,1996
[19]庞维国.自主学习—学与教的原理和策略[M].上海:华东师范大学出版社,2003
[20]黄清云.国外远程教育的发展与研究[M].上海:上海教育出版社,2000
[21]张向葵,吴晓义.课堂教学监控[M].北京:人民教育出版社,2004
[22]德斯蒙德·基更著,丁新等译.远距离教育基础[M].北京:中央广播电视人学出版社,2002
[23]祝智庭.现代教育技术—走向信息化教育[M].北京:教育科学出版社,2002
[24]祝智庭.网络教育应用教程[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2002
[25]杨宗凯,吴抵,刘清堂.网络教育标准与技术[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[26]曹梅.网络学习监控初探[J].中国远程教育,2002,(7)
[27]曹梅,李艺.网络学习评价的意义及若干原则[J].教育科学,2002,(5)
[28]陈云虹,谢百治,傅纲善.网络教学中有关监控体系的基本构想[J].中国电化教育,2003,(8)
[29]刘菊霞,杜倩,张建伟,李斌等.网络学习质量监控系统的研究与开发[J].电化教育研究,2004,(7)
[30]刘定邦,周韶峰,王小文.开放教育学习监控初探[J].广东广播电视大学学报,2003,(1)
[31]周媛,杨改学.网络学习质量控制与评价[J].现代远距离教育,2003,(2)
[32]刘定邦,周韶峰.开放教育学习监控初探[J].广东广播电视大学学报,2003,(1)
[33]蒋胜利.浅析网络自主学习的监控[J].现代教育技术,2004,(5)
[34]任瑞仙,冯秀琪.网络学习中影响自我监控学习的因素分析[J].开放教育研究,2004,(1)
[35]张倩苇,桑新民.网络环境下学习评价新模式的探索[J].中国远程教育2002,(2)
[36]庄秀丽.电子档案袋评价与网络互联学习[J].中国电化教育,2005,(7)
[37]王亚飞,沈连嬉.学习者行为追踪系统的架构与实现[J].现代远距离教育研究,2006,(6)
[38]魏德生,杨雪.网络学习行为自动监控系统的设计与实现[J].教育信息化,2006,(1)
[39]韩家炜,孟晓峰,王静.Web挖掘研究[J].计算机研究与发展,2001,38(4):405-410
[40]王实,高文,李锦涛.Web数据挖掘[J].计算机科学,2000,27(4):28-31
[41]Jiawei Han,Micheline Kamber.Date Mining:Concepts and Techniques[M],Copyright by MorganKaufinann Pubilishers.lnc,2001
[42]SrivastavaJ.et al..Web Usage mining:Discovery and application of usage patterns from Webdata[J].SIGKDD Exploration,2000,1(2):12-23.
[43]M.Kantardzic.Data Mining Concepts,Models.Methods,and Algorithms.2003
[44]J.Pei,J.W.Han,B.Mortazavi-asl.Mining access patterns efficiently from Weblogs.Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining,Current Issues and NewApplications,the 4th Pacific-Asia Conf.Heidelberg:Springer-Verlag.2000.Pages:396-407
[45]JW Han,J Pei,YW Yin.Mining frequent patterns without candidate generation.Proc.of the 2000 ACM SIGMOD Int'1 Conf.on Management of Data.New York:ACM Press.2000.Pages:1-12
[46]王大玲,于戈,鲍玉斌.一种具有最大推荐非空率的关联规则挖掘方法[J].软件学报,2004,(8),1182-1188
[47]王木林,洪伟林.Moodle与电大在线平台之比较研究[J].南京广播电视大学学报,2007,(3)
[2]袁明,陈伟杰.网络学习者在线学习行为分析研究[J].浙江现代教育技术,2006,(9)
[3]彭文辉,杨宗凯,黄克斌.网络学习行为分析及其模型研究[J].中国电化教育,2006,(10)
[4]何克杭,李文光.教育技术学[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2001
[5]丁兴富.远程教育学[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2001
[6]高毅,申瑞民,杨帆,韩鹏.基于开放E-Learning平台的学生行为分析中心[J].计算机工程,2004,(8)
[7]杨清莲,周庆敏,常志玲.Web挖掘技术及其在网络教学评价中的应用[J].南京工业大学学报,2005,(9)
[8]黄萍.高校学生网络自主学习行为的调查研究[J].开放教育研究,2004,(6)
[9]罗立胜,何福胜,杨芳.理工科学生外语学习行为模式的探讨[J].外语与外语教学,2001,(9)
[10]李瑛.基于因特网的远程学习行为研究[J].湖南电大学报,2004,(2)
[11]胡运安等.基于SCORM的学习行为采集模型的设计与实现[J].计算机工程与应用,2004,(33)
[12]David H.Jonassen,Lucia Rohrer-Murphy.Activity Theory as a Framework for Designing Constructivist Learning Environments,www.coe.missouri.edu/-jonassen/courses/CLE/documents/activity.pdf
[13]Du Jin,Zheng Qinghua.The Research of Mining Association Rules between Personality and Behavior of Learner under Web-Based Learning Environment.[EB/OL],www.uu.edu/personalihli/publications/icw12005-Du.pdf.2006-3-1
[14]杨开城,李文光等.现代教学设计的理伦体系初探[J].中国电化教育,2002,(2)
[15]武法提.基于WEB的学习环境设计[J].电化教育研究,2000,(4)
[16]李国敏,汪晓熹,施志毅.网络学习行为特征探究[J].电大教学,2001,(6)
[17]董奇,周勇.论学生学习的自我监控[J].北京师范大学学报,1994,(10)
[18]董奇,周勇.自我监控与智力[M].浙江杭州:浙江人民出版社,1996
[19]庞维国.自主学习—学与教的原理和策略[M].上海:华东师范大学出版社,2003
[20]黄清云.国外远程教育的发展与研究[M].上海:上海教育出版社,2000
[21]张向葵,吴晓义.课堂教学监控[M].北京:人民教育出版社,2004
[22]德斯蒙德·基更著,丁新等译.远距离教育基础[M].北京:中央广播电视人学出版社,2002
[23]祝智庭.现代教育技术—走向信息化教育[M].北京:教育科学出版社,2002
[24]祝智庭.网络教育应用教程[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2002
[25]杨宗凯,吴抵,刘清堂.网络教育标准与技术[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[26]曹梅.网络学习监控初探[J].中国远程教育,2002,(7)
[27]曹梅,李艺.网络学习评价的意义及若干原则[J].教育科学,2002,(5)
[28]陈云虹,谢百治,傅纲善.网络教学中有关监控体系的基本构想[J].中国电化教育,2003,(8)
[29]刘菊霞,杜倩,张建伟,李斌等.网络学习质量监控系统的研究与开发[J].电化教育研究,2004,(7)
[30]刘定邦,周韶峰,王小文.开放教育学习监控初探[J].广东广播电视大学学报,2003,(1)
[31]周媛,杨改学.网络学习质量控制与评价[J].现代远距离教育,2003,(2)
[32]刘定邦,周韶峰.开放教育学习监控初探[J].广东广播电视大学学报,2003,(1)
[33]蒋胜利.浅析网络自主学习的监控[J].现代教育技术,2004,(5)
[34]任瑞仙,冯秀琪.网络学习中影响自我监控学习的因素分析[J].开放教育研究,2004,(1)
[35]张倩苇,桑新民.网络环境下学习评价新模式的探索[J].中国远程教育2002,(2)
[36]庄秀丽.电子档案袋评价与网络互联学习[J].中国电化教育,2005,(7)
[37]王亚飞,沈连嬉.学习者行为追踪系统的架构与实现[J].现代远距离教育研究,2006,(6)
[38]魏德生,杨雪.网络学习行为自动监控系统的设计与实现[J].教育信息化,2006,(1)
[39]韩家炜,孟晓峰,王静.Web挖掘研究[J].计算机研究与发展,2001,38(4):405-410
[40]王实,高文,李锦涛.Web数据挖掘[J].计算机科学,2000,27(4):28-31
[41]Jiawei Han,Micheline Kamber.Date Mining:Concepts and Techniques[M],Copyright by MorganKaufinann Pubilishers.lnc,2001
[42]SrivastavaJ.et al..Web Usage mining:Discovery and application of usage patterns from Webdata[J].SIGKDD Exploration,2000,1(2):12-23.
[43]M.Kantardzic.Data Mining Concepts,Models.Methods,and Algorithms.2003
[44]J.Pei,J.W.Han,B.Mortazavi-asl.Mining access patterns efficiently from Weblogs.Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining,Current Issues and NewApplications,the 4th Pacific-Asia Conf.Heidelberg:Springer-Verlag.2000.Pages:396-407
[45]JW Han,J Pei,YW Yin.Mining frequent patterns without candidate generation.Proc.of the 2000 ACM SIGMOD Int'1 Conf.on Management of Data.New York:ACM Press.2000.Pages:1-12
[46]王大玲,于戈,鲍玉斌.一种具有最大推荐非空率的关联规则挖掘方法[J].软件学报,2004,(8),1182-1188
[47]王木林,洪伟林.Moodle与电大在线平台之比较研究[J].南京广播电视大学学报,2007,(3)