计及通道因素的城市中压配电网络规划
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摘要
城市配电网规划中,将进行负荷预测、变电站选址与定容、配电网络规划和无功优化等各项工作,其中在负荷预测和变电站选址与定容的基础上进行的配电网络规划,是一项复杂而重要的工作。随着城市配网供电电缆化和城市景观要求,电缆通道资源对配电网线路走向有着直接影响。因此,研究计及通道因素的城市中压配电网络规划,将给城市配电网建设和电缆通道建设提供有益的参考。
本文综述了城市配网电缆敷设方式的技术特点和经济比较,着重分析了电力排管的敷设费用。结合实际工程应用,给出了城市配电网电缆通道规划的一般流程。其中,针对通道网络现状,提出了若干评价指标;针对通道建设规划,分析了通道需求预测和发展模式。
针对通道因素对城市配电网络规划的影响,本文提出了一种新的配电网规划模型。该模型的经济性指标不仅包括了高压变电站、电缆线路、开关设备的投资和运行维护费用,而且首次将电缆通道的投资运行费用纳入其中。本文采用简化的方法处理可靠性要求,即将可靠性指标作为一种约束条件。此外,该模型还考虑了容量、电压降、地理信息等约束条件。
针对规划模型的求解,本文结合配电网空间数据结构自身的特点,设计并完善了配网规划GIS空间数据库,采用适于复杂系统全局优化搜索的遗传算法进行网络布线,最终获得优化的配电网络规划方案。算法实现过程中,本文详细分析了通道因素对线路走向的约束作用,在适应度计算时有效地对两者进行了解耦。
最后,以GIS空间数据库为平台,利用上述模型和求解算法对某城市的变电站进行辐射出线规划。结果表明,计及通道因素的城市中压配电网络规划更具实用性和经济性,对实际的配电网电缆通道建设也有指导意义。
Urban distribution network planning includes several steps such as Load Forecasting, Substation Locating and Capacity Calculating, Distribution Network Planning and Reactive Sources Optimal Planning. Among these steps, Urban Distribution Network Planning based on Load Forecasting and Substation Locating and Capacity Calculating is a complex but important step. Under the cabling of urban network and demanding of city landscape, the resources of cable trench have a direct impact on the routes of network. Therefore, the study on the urban distribution network planning considered cable trench will give some useful references to construction of distribution network and cable trenches.
This paper reviews technical characteristics and economic comparation between different cable laying methods in urban distribution network, and analyzes installation costs of electrical pipe in detail. Combined with practical application, this paper proposes a general planning process for cable trench planning. What’s more, several index are proposed to evaluate the status of trench network. In view of the trench construction in future, the demand forecasting and developing mode are analyzed.
Considering the trench's influence on urban distribution network planning, this paper presents a new model of distribution planning. The economy index of this model includes investment and maintenance costs of high-voltage substation, cable lines, switching equipment, and electrical cable trench. This paper uses a simplified approach to deal with reliability which is considered as a constraint condition. In addition, the model also considered other constraint conditions, such as load capacity, voltage drop and geography information.
In view of solutions of the planning model, this paper analyzes the specialties of distribution network spatial data structure, and then designs and improves GIS spatial database for distribution network planning. After that, Genetic algorithm is used to optimize the preliminary network, which is propitious to global optimal searching of complex system. During the realization of algorithm processing, the paper analyzes trench’s restraint to lines’routes in detail and adopts an effective decoupled method to calculate their fitness.
Finally, using GIS spatial database as platform, the model and solution algorithm presented above are applied to the radial network planning for a substation. The results shows that considering costs of cable trench in distribution network planning may get much more practical and economical projects, and it also have certain guidance for construction of cable trench.
本文综述了城市配网电缆敷设方式的技术特点和经济比较,着重分析了电力排管的敷设费用。结合实际工程应用,给出了城市配电网电缆通道规划的一般流程。其中,针对通道网络现状,提出了若干评价指标;针对通道建设规划,分析了通道需求预测和发展模式。
针对通道因素对城市配电网络规划的影响,本文提出了一种新的配电网规划模型。该模型的经济性指标不仅包括了高压变电站、电缆线路、开关设备的投资和运行维护费用,而且首次将电缆通道的投资运行费用纳入其中。本文采用简化的方法处理可靠性要求,即将可靠性指标作为一种约束条件。此外,该模型还考虑了容量、电压降、地理信息等约束条件。
针对规划模型的求解,本文结合配电网空间数据结构自身的特点,设计并完善了配网规划GIS空间数据库,采用适于复杂系统全局优化搜索的遗传算法进行网络布线,最终获得优化的配电网络规划方案。算法实现过程中,本文详细分析了通道因素对线路走向的约束作用,在适应度计算时有效地对两者进行了解耦。
最后,以GIS空间数据库为平台,利用上述模型和求解算法对某城市的变电站进行辐射出线规划。结果表明,计及通道因素的城市中压配电网络规划更具实用性和经济性,对实际的配电网电缆通道建设也有指导意义。
Urban distribution network planning includes several steps such as Load Forecasting, Substation Locating and Capacity Calculating, Distribution Network Planning and Reactive Sources Optimal Planning. Among these steps, Urban Distribution Network Planning based on Load Forecasting and Substation Locating and Capacity Calculating is a complex but important step. Under the cabling of urban network and demanding of city landscape, the resources of cable trench have a direct impact on the routes of network. Therefore, the study on the urban distribution network planning considered cable trench will give some useful references to construction of distribution network and cable trenches.
This paper reviews technical characteristics and economic comparation between different cable laying methods in urban distribution network, and analyzes installation costs of electrical pipe in detail. Combined with practical application, this paper proposes a general planning process for cable trench planning. What’s more, several index are proposed to evaluate the status of trench network. In view of the trench construction in future, the demand forecasting and developing mode are analyzed.
Considering the trench's influence on urban distribution network planning, this paper presents a new model of distribution planning. The economy index of this model includes investment and maintenance costs of high-voltage substation, cable lines, switching equipment, and electrical cable trench. This paper uses a simplified approach to deal with reliability which is considered as a constraint condition. In addition, the model also considered other constraint conditions, such as load capacity, voltage drop and geography information.
In view of solutions of the planning model, this paper analyzes the specialties of distribution network spatial data structure, and then designs and improves GIS spatial database for distribution network planning. After that, Genetic algorithm is used to optimize the preliminary network, which is propitious to global optimal searching of complex system. During the realization of algorithm processing, the paper analyzes trench’s restraint to lines’routes in detail and adopts an effective decoupled method to calculate their fitness.
Finally, using GIS spatial database as platform, the model and solution algorithm presented above are applied to the radial network planning for a substation. The results shows that considering costs of cable trench in distribution network planning may get much more practical and economical projects, and it also have certain guidance for construction of cable trench.
引文
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[11] 张李盈,范明天,配电网综合规划模型与算法的研究,中国电机工程学报,2004,24(6):59~64
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[14] 王成山,王赛一,基于空间 GIS 的城市中压配电网络智能规划(一):辐射接线模式的自动布局,电力系统自动化,2004,28(5):45~50
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[16] 牛辉,程浩忠,张焰,等,电网扩展规划的可靠性和经济性研究综述,电力系统自动化,2000,24(1):51~56
[17] 王天华,王平洋,范明天,用 0-1 规划求解馈线自动化规划问题,中国电机工程学报,2000,20(5):54~58
[18] 毕鹏翔,刘健,张文元,配电网络重构的改进支路交换法,中国电机工程学报,2001,21(8):98~103
[19] Nara K,et.al.Distribution systems expansion planning by multi-stage branch exchange[J],IEEE Trans.on Power Systems,1992,107(1):208~214
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[21] 陈根军,李继洸，王磊，等，基于 Tabu 搜索的配电网络规划,电力系统自动化,2001,25(7):40~44
[22] 左飞,周家启,TS 算法在配电网络重构中的应用,电力系统及其自动化学报,2004,16(1):66~69
[23] 陈根军,王磊,唐国庆.基于蚁群算法最优的配电网络重构算法,电力系统及其自动化学报,2001,13(2):48~53
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[27] Viktoria Neimane, Distribution network planning based on statistical load modeling applying genetic algorithms and Monte-Carlo simulations, Paper accepted for presentation at PPT 2001, 2001 IEEE Porto Power Tech Conference, 10th-13th September, Porto, Portugal
[28] P.M.S. Carvalho, L.A.F.M. Ferreira, L.M.F. Barruncho, On spanning-tree recombination in evolutionary large-scale network problems-application to electrical distribution planning, IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation, Vol.5, No.6, December 2001, p.623~630
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[30] 余贻鑫,王成山,肖峻,等,城网规划计算机辅助决策系统,电力系统自动化,2000,24(15):59~62
[31] 龚俊,王新洲,王文庆,等,城市地下管线信息管理系统的探讨,空间地理信息,2005,3(3):9~11
[32] 孟东军,刘瑞娟,综合管沟在市政管线规划中的应用,市政技术,2004,22(5):285~287
[33] 梅文郁,对电缆管线建设的探讨,农村电气化,2004,(8):14
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