基于软计算的IP网络流量监测和控制关键技术研究
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摘要
伴随互联网技术和网络业务的迅速发展,互联网已成为科研生产及人们日常生活中不可或缺的组成部分。快速有效的数据传输对于互联网中的实时业务,例如多媒体视频、VoIP等,以及以文件下载为代表的非实时业务,都具有非常重要的意义。因此,如何充分利用现有带宽、以最小代价的资源开销获取最优化的应用效果,是业界当前的研究热点。IP网络监测及控制技术的应用为在现有条件下提供更优质的网络服务开辟了一条行之有效的途径,本课题以此为突破,结合神经网络、基因表达式等软计算技术,对网络流量监测模型的建立,预测算法的设计和流量控制的实现进行了深入研究:
     (1)提出了一种新的基于代理的互联网QoS流量监测模型,阐述了该模型的体系结构和实现功能,在完成系统分析的基础上对监测模型的组件设计及实现进行研究。作者以VoIP业务作为研究对象,基于该模型完成对VoIP业务中的QoS监测,并对呼叫详细记录的关联合成算法进行优化。
     (2)在基于BP神经网络的IP网络流量预测算法基础上,结合基因表达式编程进化算法的优势,提出了基于进化BP的IP网络流量预测算法,作者针对该算法的编码、遗传操作及算法描述做了详细分析,并与传统算法进行了比较仿真实验和性能分析,实验证实,本文提出的预测算法能够更好地解决BP算法固有的训练速度慢,易陷入局部最优以及全局搜索能力弱等缺陷。
     (3)提出了基于小波变换和GFARIMA模型的流量预测算法,该算法将经过处理后的原始流量进行小波分解,分别对近似分量和细节分量完成单支重构,并对重构后的细节分量和近似分量用GFARIMA模型进行预测,并合成最终预测流量,该算法较之以前的算法具备更高的预测准确度,且解决了FARIMA模型时间滞后效应带来的问题。
     (4)提出了基于模拟退火基因表达式编程的路由选择最优化算法。该算法在使用基因表达式编程算法进行多目标函数优化时,对初始种群中的每一个个体进行模拟退火操作,然后再进行一系列其它的遗传操作及适应度函数评价。文章针对模拟退火算法容易跳出局部最优解的缺陷,提出了基于模拟退火基因表达式编程的路由选择最优化算法,该算法能够更好地解决单一基因表达式编程优化精度差、易陷入局部最优的问题。作者在使用基因表达式编程算法进行多目标函数优化时,对初始种群中的每一个个体进行模拟退火操作,然后再进行一系列其它的遗传操作及适应度函数评价。
     综上所述,本文从监测模型的建立、预测算法的研究到QoS流量控制的提出,给出了一整套IP网络流量监测和控制的解决方案,并以仿真的形式验证了方案的可行性,对现实场景下的商业应用具有很好的启发作用。
Accompanied by the rapid development of Internet technology and network applications,the Internet has become an indispensable part of scientific research and people’s daily life. Itis extremely important to transmit data rapidly and effectively in the Internet for the real-timeservice, such as multimedia video and VoIP, as well as the transmission of non real-timeservice like file-downloading. Therefore, achieving the optimal use with minimum cost of thenetwork resource is one of the focus research areas today. IP network monitoring and controltechnology provides an effective way to transmit data in a limited network bandwidthenvironment with better services. Combining with soft computing technique, this thesisstudies the monitoring model, traffic prediction algorithms and flow control method of theInternet:
     (1) An Internet QoS monitoring model based on agent technology is proposed in thisthesis and the structure and function of the model is described. Based on it, the componentdesign and implementation of the model is also discussed. Being as the research object of themodel, the QoS of VoIP services is studied and the algorithm of the call detail records isoptimized.
     (2) Combined with the advantages of gene expression programming, an ITF-EBPalgorithm (Internet Traffic Forecasting Based on Evolutionary BP Neural Network) is putforwarded in the thesis which is based on BP neural network-based IP network trafficprediction algorithm. The thesis describes the encoding, the genetic manipulation and thealgorithm exhaustively. Compared with the traditional algorithm, ITF-EBP could improve thetraining speed and global search capability. Simulation and performance analysis prove it.The thesis describes the encoding, the genetic manipulation and the algorithm exhaustively,and compares the simulation and performance analysis with the traditional algorithm.
     (3) Based on studies on the wavelet transform and FARIMA technology, a networktraffic prediction algorithm based on wavelet transform and modified GFARIMA model isproposed in the thesis. This algorithm decomposes the original flow after its treatment,reconstructs the detail component and the approximate component respectively, predicts each component via modified GFARIMA prediction algorithm, and synthesis the flow. It improvesthe accuracy of the prediction algorithm and partly eliminates the lagging effect of theoriginal method.
     (4) An ORS-SAGEP (Optimization for Route Selection based on Simulated AnnealingGene Expression Programming) algorithm based on ORS-GEP (Optimization for RouteSelection based on Gene Expression Programming) algorithm is brought forward in thisthesis. As for the advantages of easy jumping out from local optimal solution of the geneexpression programming, ORS-SAGEP could improve the programming accuracy, and thesimulation results prove its performance.
     In conclusion, thesis provides a whole set of IP network traffic monitoring and controlsolution, it describes the establishment of the monitoring model, the network trafficprediction algorithm and the QoS flow control. The solution has been verified the feasibility,and it can play an objective inspiration in actual scene
引文
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