微观地球物理探测模型试验研究
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摘要
微观地球物理方法对微目标体的精细探查能力较强,在树木结构探查、文化古迹检测等方面具有重要的应用价值。但从总体上来看,目前在我国仍处在初步发展阶段。其数据采集、数据处理与解释应用等具有一定的特殊性,需要进行深入研究。论文阐述以数观地球物理综合探测技术为手段,利用电法和地震波层析成像探测技术,对树木树干结构构造进行探查试验研究,同时对微地球物理综合测试方法有了相应的认识。
通过改变电法CT观测系统,应用微型化的电极实施数据采集,对树木内容结构进行层析反演,获得了树干切面电阻率分布图像,根据电阻率大小差异对内部结构特征进行分析与解释。地震波CT测试中,利用尖锥传感器进行多炮系统布置与接收,建立圆形观测系统,通过网格划分、初至波到时拾取、反演成像,获得探测切片内部地震波速度分布图,结合波速差异对树木内部结构进行分析。电法和地震波CT两种方法综合运用,通过电阻率和地震波速度两种属性参数进行评价,可以提高对树木内部结构构造探查的分辨能力。
论文通过室内模型实验,确立相应的测试系统,并对校园三种不同树种进行断面综合测试,获得了活树树干断面的电阻率和地震波速度分布,其差异较为明显,对内部结构特征认识清楚。实验研究结果表明,利用两种层析成像技术进行探查对比,可对树木结构进行有效分析,其为后续林木微地球物理探查,文化古迹测试手段应用提供了良好的基础。
受方法技术本身限制,电法CT和地震波CT测试技术中也在一定不足,特别是在不规则树木周长校正、特性参数标准选取等方面还需要在今后不断地深入研究。
图32表6参64
Micro-geophysical method, which detecting capability is strong enough in testing small-sized targets, is especially of great significant practical value in inspecting the inner structure of tree trunks and monitoring the integrity of cultural heritage, etc. Yet from the overall perspective, it is still at preliminary development stage in our China currently. This application has some particularities as its own feature, which the data acquisition, processing and interpretation need to be studied far deeper. With Integrated Geophysical Methods as means of detecting procedure, this paper elaborates the experimental study towards inner structure of tree trunks test on the basis of the technology of Electrical Resistivity CT and Seismic Wave Tomographic Imaging, and appropriate understanding of Micro-geophysics inspection has been drawn.
Illustration of electrical resistivity distribution of trunk profile has been obtained with the process of altering CT observing system, applying micro-electrode for data acquisition and tomography inversion on inner structure of tree trunk, then analyzing and interpretation can be in procedure according to the resistivity difference. Meanwhile, in the test of seismic wave CT, we establish circular multi-channel observing system, carrying detecting experiment with cone-shaped sensors. Profiles of seismic wave velocity have been acquired with a series process of meshing, first arrival picking, inversion imaging, inner structure analysis can be conducted with velocity differences. The resolution of inspecting the inner structure of tree trunk can be improved in terms of attribute parameter evaluation on resistivity and seismic wave velocity with integrated utilization of these two CT methods.
Three different trees planted in university campus have been inspected with comprehensive profile tests based on establishing appropriate test system in accordance with laboratory model experiment. Naturally the acquired living trees' profiles of electrical resistivity and seismic wave velocity, which shall be available for explicit understanding the internal structure, shows conspicuous distinction in distribution. It comes out with that the comparison between these two CT methods could reflect physical properties of internal structure effectively, providing a favorable foundation for inspecting the inner structure of famous wood species and monitoring the integrity of cultural heritage in the long run.
Currently, limited by technology itself, some disadvantages exist in the Electrical Resistivity and Seismic Wave CT technology to a certain extent as well. The deep research should be done to improve the testing precision, especially in irregular circumference correction and the selection of characteristic parameters standard, etc.
Figure:32table6reference64
通过改变电法CT观测系统,应用微型化的电极实施数据采集,对树木内容结构进行层析反演,获得了树干切面电阻率分布图像,根据电阻率大小差异对内部结构特征进行分析与解释。地震波CT测试中,利用尖锥传感器进行多炮系统布置与接收,建立圆形观测系统,通过网格划分、初至波到时拾取、反演成像,获得探测切片内部地震波速度分布图,结合波速差异对树木内部结构进行分析。电法和地震波CT两种方法综合运用,通过电阻率和地震波速度两种属性参数进行评价,可以提高对树木内部结构构造探查的分辨能力。
论文通过室内模型实验,确立相应的测试系统,并对校园三种不同树种进行断面综合测试,获得了活树树干断面的电阻率和地震波速度分布,其差异较为明显,对内部结构特征认识清楚。实验研究结果表明,利用两种层析成像技术进行探查对比,可对树木结构进行有效分析,其为后续林木微地球物理探查,文化古迹测试手段应用提供了良好的基础。
受方法技术本身限制,电法CT和地震波CT测试技术中也在一定不足,特别是在不规则树木周长校正、特性参数标准选取等方面还需要在今后不断地深入研究。
图32表6参64
Micro-geophysical method, which detecting capability is strong enough in testing small-sized targets, is especially of great significant practical value in inspecting the inner structure of tree trunks and monitoring the integrity of cultural heritage, etc. Yet from the overall perspective, it is still at preliminary development stage in our China currently. This application has some particularities as its own feature, which the data acquisition, processing and interpretation need to be studied far deeper. With Integrated Geophysical Methods as means of detecting procedure, this paper elaborates the experimental study towards inner structure of tree trunks test on the basis of the technology of Electrical Resistivity CT and Seismic Wave Tomographic Imaging, and appropriate understanding of Micro-geophysics inspection has been drawn.
Illustration of electrical resistivity distribution of trunk profile has been obtained with the process of altering CT observing system, applying micro-electrode for data acquisition and tomography inversion on inner structure of tree trunk, then analyzing and interpretation can be in procedure according to the resistivity difference. Meanwhile, in the test of seismic wave CT, we establish circular multi-channel observing system, carrying detecting experiment with cone-shaped sensors. Profiles of seismic wave velocity have been acquired with a series process of meshing, first arrival picking, inversion imaging, inner structure analysis can be conducted with velocity differences. The resolution of inspecting the inner structure of tree trunk can be improved in terms of attribute parameter evaluation on resistivity and seismic wave velocity with integrated utilization of these two CT methods.
Three different trees planted in university campus have been inspected with comprehensive profile tests based on establishing appropriate test system in accordance with laboratory model experiment. Naturally the acquired living trees' profiles of electrical resistivity and seismic wave velocity, which shall be available for explicit understanding the internal structure, shows conspicuous distinction in distribution. It comes out with that the comparison between these two CT methods could reflect physical properties of internal structure effectively, providing a favorable foundation for inspecting the inner structure of famous wood species and monitoring the integrity of cultural heritage in the long run.
Currently, limited by technology itself, some disadvantages exist in the Electrical Resistivity and Seismic Wave CT technology to a certain extent as well. The deep research should be done to improve the testing precision, especially in irregular circumference correction and the selection of characteristic parameters standard, etc.
Figure:32table6reference64
引文
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[2]P.L. Cosentino, P. Capizzi, G. Fiandaca, R Martorana,et al. The risks for monumental and or moveable cultural patrimony: mitigation techniques. 5th International Conference of Applied Geophysics for Engineering Messina, November 24-29,2008.
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[6]吴其斌,王超.国外考古物探的现状与发展[J].国外地质勘探技术,1997,(2)：1-4.
[7]任建光,黄继忠,石云龙,等.地球物理电法勘探技术在云冈石窟保护中的应用[J].山西大同大学学报(自然科学版),2008,24(5)：94-96.
[8]姚远.超声波法在检测石质文物病害方面的试验研究[D].中国地质大学.北京.2011.
[9]钟世航.我国考古和文物保护工作中物探技术的应用[J].文物保护与考古科学.2004,16(3)58-64.
[10]张志国,彭华,马寅生,等.超声波无损探伤检测在现代出土石质文物保护中的应用[J].地质力学学报,2005,11(3)：278-285.
[11]张平松,李峰,吴荣新.二维电测深快速反演在高密度电法中的应用[J].西部探矿工程,2003,80(1)：39-40.
[12]Loke M.H, Barker R.D. Practical techniques for 3D resistivity surveys and data inversion[J]. Geophysical Prospecting,1996,44:499-523.
[13]M.H. Loke. Tutorial:2D and 3D electrical imaging surveys,2010.
[14]Shima H.2-D and 3-D resistivity image reconstruction using alpha centers[J].Geophysics. 1992,57(10):1270-1281.
[15]李智明.三维电阻率层析成像研究及应用[D].中国地震局地球物理研究所,2003.
[16]韩江涛.起伏地表三维电阻率法数值模拟与分析[D].吉林大学,2009.
[17]武杰,刘树才,许新刚.电阻率层析成像发展浅议[J].江苏煤炭,2003,(2)：58-60.
[18]钟念兵,刘庆成,陈辛,等.三维电阻率法的电极通信设计[J].铀矿地质,2011,27(1)：56-59.
[19]秦福刚,戴隆沛,李磊,等.高密度电阻率法的装置特点及其在水源勘察中的应用[J].工程地球物理学报,2007,4(4)：323-326.
[20]金钟宝.三维电阻率法物理模拟与数据处理系统研究[D].吉林大学,2009.
[21]黄靓.混凝土超声波层析成像的理论方法和试验研究[D].湖南大学博士学位论文.2008.
[22]Yongtao Li,Zan Qu,jianxiong Dong. The study of non-devastating examination to the quality of concreted tunnel using ultrasonic technique[M]. Institute of Geophysics & Geomantics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
[23]Yunfeng Xue, jianghua Yuan,Jishan He. Research about the resolution of elastic wave CT technology in the quality detection of concrete cutoff wall[J]. Geophysical Solutions for Environment and Engineering.
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