单片机嵌入式TCP/IP协议的研究与实现
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摘要
随着网络的迅猛发展，利用Internet控制电子设备成为必然。目前许多电子设备没有具备网络传输数据功能，所以网络传输设备得到了广泛的应用。
本文从利用Internet控制电子设备的发展入手，引出了电子设备网络化的必然性，然后论述了几种实现电子设备网络化的方法，重点讨论利用单片机控制网卡实现网络传输的技术，并使其成为本文工作的中心任务。第二章介绍了TCP／IP协议结构，重点介绍了ARP、IP、UDP、TCP等协议的内容。第三章给出整个硬件原理框架，着重讲述了如何编写RTL8019AS的网卡驱动程序。第四章在严格遵守TCP／IP协议的基础上，充分考虑了单片机的各种资源，给出了利用C51实现TCP／IP协议栈的流程。第五章介绍了利用Windows的Socket编程实现网络传输的方法。按照Socket流程实现了Windows的UDP、TCP协议，给出网络调试界面。第六章详细阐述了网络传输设备硬件接口和测试方法。最后对整个系统进行了总结。
本文设计的这种嵌入TCP／IP协议的单片机系统板，具有成本低、硬件少、占用面积小、传输速度快、使用方便等优点。特别适用于现有的网络传输系统，在数据采集、数据传输等领域有广泛的应用前景。
With the rapid development of the network, it is necessary to use internet to control the electronic equipment. Now, because many electronic equipment can't transmit data by internet, the network transmission equipment is applying abroad.
The using internet to control the equipment is first proposed in this paper, and then the necessity of the network in equipment is emphasized. After that several kinds of realizing methods of network in equipment are discussed, especially the Microcontrollers control network card to realize the transmission by internet. In chapter 2, the TCP/IP protocol flame is simply studied, and the ARP, IP, UDP and TCP protocol are mainly discussed. The theory block of TCP/IP protocol is provided in chapter 3, and how to programme the driver of RTL8019AS network card is mainly discussed. In chapter 4, in the case of the TCP/IP protocol, the grogramme flow chart with C51 is programmed on the condition of consideration all resource of microcontrollers. In chapter 5, the UDP and TCP protocol are programmed by using the windows Socket function, then the flat of test programme in windows is provided. In chapter 6, the hardware interface and test methods of the transmission equipment is given. Finally, we reach a conclusion.
This microcontroller systems embedded TCP/IP protocol is proposed in the paper has many advantages, such as lower cost, fewer component, smaller area of hardware, higher transport speed, and easier to use. The system is fit for all of the network transmission systems, and also adapted to data collecting and data monitoring.
本文从利用Internet控制电子设备的发展入手，引出了电子设备网络化的必然性，然后论述了几种实现电子设备网络化的方法，重点讨论利用单片机控制网卡实现网络传输的技术，并使其成为本文工作的中心任务。第二章介绍了TCP／IP协议结构，重点介绍了ARP、IP、UDP、TCP等协议的内容。第三章给出整个硬件原理框架，着重讲述了如何编写RTL8019AS的网卡驱动程序。第四章在严格遵守TCP／IP协议的基础上，充分考虑了单片机的各种资源，给出了利用C51实现TCP／IP协议栈的流程。第五章介绍了利用Windows的Socket编程实现网络传输的方法。按照Socket流程实现了Windows的UDP、TCP协议，给出网络调试界面。第六章详细阐述了网络传输设备硬件接口和测试方法。最后对整个系统进行了总结。
本文设计的这种嵌入TCP／IP协议的单片机系统板，具有成本低、硬件少、占用面积小、传输速度快、使用方便等优点。特别适用于现有的网络传输系统，在数据采集、数据传输等领域有广泛的应用前景。
With the rapid development of the network, it is necessary to use internet to control the electronic equipment. Now, because many electronic equipment can't transmit data by internet, the network transmission equipment is applying abroad.
The using internet to control the equipment is first proposed in this paper, and then the necessity of the network in equipment is emphasized. After that several kinds of realizing methods of network in equipment are discussed, especially the Microcontrollers control network card to realize the transmission by internet. In chapter 2, the TCP/IP protocol flame is simply studied, and the ARP, IP, UDP and TCP protocol are mainly discussed. The theory block of TCP/IP protocol is provided in chapter 3, and how to programme the driver of RTL8019AS network card is mainly discussed. In chapter 4, in the case of the TCP/IP protocol, the grogramme flow chart with C51 is programmed on the condition of consideration all resource of microcontrollers. In chapter 5, the UDP and TCP protocol are programmed by using the windows Socket function, then the flat of test programme in windows is provided. In chapter 6, the hardware interface and test methods of the transmission equipment is given. Finally, we reach a conclusion.
This microcontroller systems embedded TCP/IP protocol is proposed in the paper has many advantages, such as lower cost, fewer component, smaller area of hardware, higher transport speed, and easier to use. The system is fit for all of the network transmission systems, and also adapted to data collecting and data monitoring.
引文
[1] W.Richard Stevens著，范建华译．TCP/IP详解 卷1：协议．北京：机械工业出版社．2000．4．
[2] W.Richard Stevens著，陆雪莹译．TCP/IP详解 卷2：实现．北京：机械工业出版社．2000．7．
[3] W.Richard Stevens著，孟小峰，王珊等译．TCP/IP详解 卷3：TCP事务协议，HTTP、NNTP和UNIX域协议．北京：机械工业出版社2000．9．
[4] Douglas E.Comer著，林瑶、蒋慧、杜蔚轩等译．用TCP/IP进行网际互联第一卷：原理、协议与结构(第四版)．北京：电子工业出版社．2001．5．
[5] Douglas E.Comer著，张娟、王海等译．用TCP/IP进行网际互联第二卷：设计、实现和内部构成(第二板)．1998．7．
[6] Dave Roberts著，希望图书创作室译．Internet协议手册．北京：海洋出版社．1998．
[7] 施威铭研究室．Internet协议概念与实践．北京：清华大学出版社．2001．10．10～45
[8] 陈坚、陈伟．Visual C++网络高级编程．北京：人民邮电出版社．2001．8．19～28
[9] 赵海．嵌入式Internet——21世纪的一场信息技术革命．北京：清华大学出版社．2001．9．
[10] David J. Kruglinski,Scot Wingo,George Shepherd等箸，希望图书创作室译． Programming Visaul C++6.0技术内幕(第五版)．北京：北京希望电子出版社．1999．5．
[11] 汪翔、袁辉．Visual C++实践与提高——网络编程篇．北京：中国铁道出版社．2001．1．
[12] 马忠梅．单片机的C语言应用程序设计修订板．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社．1999．1． ．
[13] 彭秀华、徐爱钧．单片机高级语言C51应用程序设计．北京：电子工业出版社．2002．
[14] 李华．MCS-51系列单片机实用接口技术．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社．1993．8
[15] 石东海．单片机数据通信技术从入门到精通．西安：西安电子科技大学出版社．2002．7
[16] 谢林枫．基于PPP协议单片机拨号上网的设计与实现．单片机与嵌入式系统应用．2001．12
[17] 马利、李左儒、杨四海．实现电子设备的网络化解决方案．单片机与嵌入式系统应用．2002．2
[18] 蔡宁果、何晓琼．用8位单片机实现串口—以太网转换器．电子技术应用．2002．6
[19] 潘仕彬、何铮．用与单片机的以太网网关——网络通．单片机与嵌入式系统应用．2002．7．
[20] 葛永明．嵌入式系统以太网接口的设计．电子技术应用．2002．8
[21] 张福柳、周航慈、何铮．基于“网络通”的以太网家庭数据终端．单片机与嵌入式系统应用．2002．9
[22] 王金廉、谢剑英、贾青．基于TCP/IP的多线程通信及其在远程监控系统中的应用．电子技术应用．2000．1．
[23] Tracy Thomas.关于上Internet网和TCP/IP协议的实用技术．电子产品世界．2002．8．
[24] 徐殿国、张东来．基于嵌入式TCP/IP协议栈的信息家电．电子技术应用．2002．10．
[25] 范莉莉、刘武、黄光明．IP电话的TCP和IP协议的实现方法．单片机与嵌入式系统应用．2002．9
[26] 陈学泉、关宇东．嵌入式TCP/IP协议单片机技术在网络通信中的应用．电子技术应用．2002．3
[27] RTL8019AS Realtek Full-Duplex Ethernet Controller with Plug and Play Function.瑞昱半导体股份有限公司交流资料．
[28] Jeremy Bentham.TCP/IP Lean.Microchip Technology Incorporated. 2001.
[29] Postel, J. Internet Protocol. RFC 760 USC/Information Sciences Institute, January 1980.
[30] Postel, J. User Datagram Protocol. RFC 768 USC/Information Sciences Institute, August 1980.
[31] Postel, J. Transmission Control Protocol. RFC 761USC/Information Sciences Institute, January 1980
[32] Charles Hornig. RFC894. A Standard for the Transmission of IP Datagrams over Ethernet Networks. April 1984
[33] J. Garrett. RFC1433. Directed ARP. March 1993.
[34] Power. Supplemnetal Data Book and Design Guide. 1998
[35] X5043/X5045—512 x 8 Bit.pdf
[2] W.Richard Stevens著，陆雪莹译．TCP/IP详解 卷2：实现．北京：机械工业出版社．2000．7．
[3] W.Richard Stevens著，孟小峰，王珊等译．TCP/IP详解 卷3：TCP事务协议，HTTP、NNTP和UNIX域协议．北京：机械工业出版社2000．9．
[4] Douglas E.Comer著，林瑶、蒋慧、杜蔚轩等译．用TCP/IP进行网际互联第一卷：原理、协议与结构(第四版)．北京：电子工业出版社．2001．5．
[5] Douglas E.Comer著，张娟、王海等译．用TCP/IP进行网际互联第二卷：设计、实现和内部构成(第二板)．1998．7．
[6] Dave Roberts著，希望图书创作室译．Internet协议手册．北京：海洋出版社．1998．
[7] 施威铭研究室．Internet协议概念与实践．北京：清华大学出版社．2001．10．10～45
[8] 陈坚、陈伟．Visual C++网络高级编程．北京：人民邮电出版社．2001．8．19～28
[9] 赵海．嵌入式Internet——21世纪的一场信息技术革命．北京：清华大学出版社．2001．9．
[10] David J. Kruglinski,Scot Wingo,George Shepherd等箸，希望图书创作室译． Programming Visaul C++6.0技术内幕(第五版)．北京：北京希望电子出版社．1999．5．
[11] 汪翔、袁辉．Visual C++实践与提高——网络编程篇．北京：中国铁道出版社．2001．1．
[12] 马忠梅．单片机的C语言应用程序设计修订板．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社．1999．1． ．
[13] 彭秀华、徐爱钧．单片机高级语言C51应用程序设计．北京：电子工业出版社．2002．
[14] 李华．MCS-51系列单片机实用接口技术．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社．1993．8
[15] 石东海．单片机数据通信技术从入门到精通．西安：西安电子科技大学出版社．2002．7
[16] 谢林枫．基于PPP协议单片机拨号上网的设计与实现．单片机与嵌入式系统应用．2001．12
[17] 马利、李左儒、杨四海．实现电子设备的网络化解决方案．单片机与嵌入式系统应用．2002．2
[18] 蔡宁果、何晓琼．用8位单片机实现串口—以太网转换器．电子技术应用．2002．6
[19] 潘仕彬、何铮．用与单片机的以太网网关——网络通．单片机与嵌入式系统应用．2002．7．
[20] 葛永明．嵌入式系统以太网接口的设计．电子技术应用．2002．8
[21] 张福柳、周航慈、何铮．基于“网络通”的以太网家庭数据终端．单片机与嵌入式系统应用．2002．9
[22] 王金廉、谢剑英、贾青．基于TCP/IP的多线程通信及其在远程监控系统中的应用．电子技术应用．2000．1．
[23] Tracy Thomas.关于上Internet网和TCP/IP协议的实用技术．电子产品世界．2002．8．
[24] 徐殿国、张东来．基于嵌入式TCP/IP协议栈的信息家电．电子技术应用．2002．10．
[25] 范莉莉、刘武、黄光明．IP电话的TCP和IP协议的实现方法．单片机与嵌入式系统应用．2002．9
[26] 陈学泉、关宇东．嵌入式TCP/IP协议单片机技术在网络通信中的应用．电子技术应用．2002．3
[27] RTL8019AS Realtek Full-Duplex Ethernet Controller with Plug and Play Function.瑞昱半导体股份有限公司交流资料．
[28] Jeremy Bentham.TCP/IP Lean.Microchip Technology Incorporated. 2001.
[29] Postel, J. Internet Protocol. RFC 760 USC/Information Sciences Institute, January 1980.
[30] Postel, J. User Datagram Protocol. RFC 768 USC/Information Sciences Institute, August 1980.
[31] Postel, J. Transmission Control Protocol. RFC 761USC/Information Sciences Institute, January 1980
[32] Charles Hornig. RFC894. A Standard for the Transmission of IP Datagrams over Ethernet Networks. April 1984
[33] J. Garrett. RFC1433. Directed ARP. March 1993.
[34] Power. Supplemnetal Data Book and Design Guide. 1998
[35] X5043/X5045—512 x 8 Bit.pdf