基于对等通信的数字化变电站过程总线技术
摘要
在数字化变电站中,来自一次侧的电压、电流采样值、开关状态量和来自二次侧的控制信息都将以数字信号的形式通过过程总线以太网传输。因此,研究变电站过程总线通信技术,使采样值和控制信息能够实时、灵活和可靠地传输,对于开发符合IEC 61850标准的数字化变电站系统,推动数字化变电站技术的发展具有十分重要的意义。
论文综述了国内外现有变电站过程总线通信技术的发展概况,分析了目前所采用的基于IEC 61850-9-1定义的采样值传输方式。该传输方式虽然结构简单,但由于其只支持单向传输,所传信息帧结构和采样率固定,不满足未来数字化变电站的需要。
对变电站自动化系统的功能结构进行了分析。介绍了数字化变电站的概念,并对数字化变电站的技术特征进行了阐述。详细介绍了IEC 61850标准的内容及其核心技术,并对IEC 61850标准在国内外的应用情况进行了归纳。介绍了对等通信的概念和特点,对数字化变电站中基于对等通信模式的采样值信息传输和GOOSE信息传输进行了详细分析。分析了采样值传输模型以及采样值控制块的定义,并分别对IEC 61850-9-1和IEC 61850-9-2所定义的两种不同采样值传输服务映射方式进行了深入研究,指出IEC 61850-9-2支持双向传输,其采样值信息的内容和传输方式均可灵活配置,符合数字化变电站未来的要求。分析了GOOSE信息传输模型以及GOOSE控制块的定义,并描述了GOOSE信息传输服务的映射方式。
对数字化变电站的过程总线通信系统进行信息建模,并给出模型所支持的服务。以实际配电网中110kV降压变电站为例,选择其中一个低压侧间隔为研究对象,将其按照功能抽象为逻辑设备、逻辑节点、数据、数据属性四层。首先,建模了两个逻辑设备——向间隔层IED传输采样值和状态量的合并单元和向断路器、隔离开关传输控制命令的开关控制单元。其次,分别为这两个逻辑设备建模了逻辑节点零、物理装置逻辑节点和其它逻辑节点,给出了逻辑节点所包含的数据、控制块以及与控制块相对应的数据集。然后,列出了数据的数据属性,分别建立了采样值数据集、控制信息数据集模型。对论文所建模的过程总线通信系统的采样值和控制信息的传输服务的映射方式进行了详细描述。
IEC 61850的推出对于数字化变电站的发展具有重要意义。IEC 61850-9-2所支持的采样值信息传输方式和GOOSE信息传输方式是未来过程总线通信技术的发展方向。本文的研究成果对于数字化变电站过程总线通信技术的发展具有很大的参考价值。
With the application of new substation equipments (e.g., electronic transformer, intelligent breaker) and the publication of IEC 61850 standard, the age of digital substation is coming. In digital substation, primary voltage, current and switch status are transmitted via Ethernet with the form of digital signals. So, the research on substation process bus communication (PBC) technique is very important to develop IEC 61850 compatible digital substation system and to promote the development of substation automation technology.
From the summarization to the existing substation PBC technique, it is obtained that the sampling transmission mode based on IEC 61850-9-1 has shortages and is limited in the application.
The function and structure of substation automation system (SAS) is introduced firstly. Then based on digital substation, the technical characteristics of digital substation are analyzed thoroughly. The basic philosophy and core technique of IEC 61850 standard are introduced in detail. The domestic and foreign application of IEC 61850 is summarized. With the introduction to the concept and characteristics of peer-to-peer communication, the sampling transmission and GOOSE information transmission which both employ peer-to-peer communication mode are researched thoroughly. In terms of sampling transmission model and sampling value control block (SVCB), the two different service mapping modes of sampling transmissions which are defined separately by IEC 61850-9-1 and IEC 61850-9-2 are researched in detailed.IEC 61850-9-2 can suppose bidirectional transmission, and the sampling information and sampling rate can be configured freely, which satisfy the requirement of digital substation.Based on GOOSE information transmission model, GOOSE control block (GoCB) and service mapping mode of GOOSE information transmission are provided.
The information modeling to PBC system of digital substation is finished and the services supported by the model are provided. Taking the low voltage bay of an 110kV substation as the object, the block is abstracted in terms of functions, and classified to four levels: logic device, logic node, data and data attribution. Firstly, two logic devices are modeled—the merging unit which transmits the sampling value and state variable to IED of bay level and the switch control unit which transmit control command to breakers and disconnected switches. Then logic node zero, logical node physical device and other logic nodes are modeled for the two logic devices. The data, control block and data set corresponding with the control block are also provided.The data attributes are listed and the information models of sampling data set are given. Lastly the mapping modes of the sampling value and control information modeled in this paper are provided.
IEC 61850 is very important to the development of digital substation system. The direction of PBC technique is the combination of the sampling transmission mode based on IEC 61850-9-2 and the GOOSE information transmission mode. The work completed and results are valuable to the development of PBC in digital substation system.
论文综述了国内外现有变电站过程总线通信技术的发展概况,分析了目前所采用的基于IEC 61850-9-1定义的采样值传输方式。该传输方式虽然结构简单,但由于其只支持单向传输,所传信息帧结构和采样率固定,不满足未来数字化变电站的需要。
对变电站自动化系统的功能结构进行了分析。介绍了数字化变电站的概念,并对数字化变电站的技术特征进行了阐述。详细介绍了IEC 61850标准的内容及其核心技术,并对IEC 61850标准在国内外的应用情况进行了归纳。介绍了对等通信的概念和特点,对数字化变电站中基于对等通信模式的采样值信息传输和GOOSE信息传输进行了详细分析。分析了采样值传输模型以及采样值控制块的定义,并分别对IEC 61850-9-1和IEC 61850-9-2所定义的两种不同采样值传输服务映射方式进行了深入研究,指出IEC 61850-9-2支持双向传输,其采样值信息的内容和传输方式均可灵活配置,符合数字化变电站未来的要求。分析了GOOSE信息传输模型以及GOOSE控制块的定义,并描述了GOOSE信息传输服务的映射方式。
对数字化变电站的过程总线通信系统进行信息建模,并给出模型所支持的服务。以实际配电网中110kV降压变电站为例,选择其中一个低压侧间隔为研究对象,将其按照功能抽象为逻辑设备、逻辑节点、数据、数据属性四层。首先,建模了两个逻辑设备——向间隔层IED传输采样值和状态量的合并单元和向断路器、隔离开关传输控制命令的开关控制单元。其次,分别为这两个逻辑设备建模了逻辑节点零、物理装置逻辑节点和其它逻辑节点,给出了逻辑节点所包含的数据、控制块以及与控制块相对应的数据集。然后,列出了数据的数据属性,分别建立了采样值数据集、控制信息数据集模型。对论文所建模的过程总线通信系统的采样值和控制信息的传输服务的映射方式进行了详细描述。
IEC 61850的推出对于数字化变电站的发展具有重要意义。IEC 61850-9-2所支持的采样值信息传输方式和GOOSE信息传输方式是未来过程总线通信技术的发展方向。本文的研究成果对于数字化变电站过程总线通信技术的发展具有很大的参考价值。
With the application of new substation equipments (e.g., electronic transformer, intelligent breaker) and the publication of IEC 61850 standard, the age of digital substation is coming. In digital substation, primary voltage, current and switch status are transmitted via Ethernet with the form of digital signals. So, the research on substation process bus communication (PBC) technique is very important to develop IEC 61850 compatible digital substation system and to promote the development of substation automation technology.
From the summarization to the existing substation PBC technique, it is obtained that the sampling transmission mode based on IEC 61850-9-1 has shortages and is limited in the application.
The function and structure of substation automation system (SAS) is introduced firstly. Then based on digital substation, the technical characteristics of digital substation are analyzed thoroughly. The basic philosophy and core technique of IEC 61850 standard are introduced in detail. The domestic and foreign application of IEC 61850 is summarized. With the introduction to the concept and characteristics of peer-to-peer communication, the sampling transmission and GOOSE information transmission which both employ peer-to-peer communication mode are researched thoroughly. In terms of sampling transmission model and sampling value control block (SVCB), the two different service mapping modes of sampling transmissions which are defined separately by IEC 61850-9-1 and IEC 61850-9-2 are researched in detailed.IEC 61850-9-2 can suppose bidirectional transmission, and the sampling information and sampling rate can be configured freely, which satisfy the requirement of digital substation.Based on GOOSE information transmission model, GOOSE control block (GoCB) and service mapping mode of GOOSE information transmission are provided.
The information modeling to PBC system of digital substation is finished and the services supported by the model are provided. Taking the low voltage bay of an 110kV substation as the object, the block is abstracted in terms of functions, and classified to four levels: logic device, logic node, data and data attribution. Firstly, two logic devices are modeled—the merging unit which transmits the sampling value and state variable to IED of bay level and the switch control unit which transmit control command to breakers and disconnected switches. Then logic node zero, logical node physical device and other logic nodes are modeled for the two logic devices. The data, control block and data set corresponding with the control block are also provided.The data attributes are listed and the information models of sampling data set are given. Lastly the mapping modes of the sampling value and control information modeled in this paper are provided.
IEC 61850 is very important to the development of digital substation system. The direction of PBC technique is the combination of the sampling transmission mode based on IEC 61850-9-2 and the GOOSE information transmission mode. The work completed and results are valuable to the development of PBC in digital substation system.
引文
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[47]IEC 61850-5:Communication Requirements for Functions and Device,2003.
[48]IEC 61850-6:Configuration Description Language for Communication in Electrical Substations Related to IEDs,2003.
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[3]殷志良.基于IEC 61850的变电站过程总线通信的研究[D].博士论文.北京:华北电力大学,2005.
[4]谭文恕,刘国定,刘佩娟,何卫,王能佳.国际电工委员会第57技术委员会2003年会介绍[J].电力系统自动化,2004,28(4):1-3.
[5]余良甫,王凤阳,彭秀艳,李永亮.2004年国际大电网会议报道[J].电力系统自动化,2003,27(15):75-77.
[6]操丰梅,任雁铭,王照,晋阳浦,魏春峰,郁惊一.变电站自动化系统互操作试验建议[J].电力系统自动化,2005,29(3):86-89.
[7]何晓英.IEC 61850数字变电站的建设与发展[J].陕西电力,2006,34(4):7-12.
[8]王大鹏,栗俊凯,晁军征.浅谈数字化变电站的发展及应用[J].山东电力技术,2007,153:14-18.
[9]罗军.浅谈变电站自动化系统的新技术发展[J].供电技术,2008:45-46.
[10]王飞,刘洪才,潘立冬.分层式结构变电站自动化通信系统研究综述[J].华北电力大学学报,2007,34(1):22-25.
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[12]李林锋.变电站综合自动化技术的最新应用[J].热电技术,2007,3(1):17-20
[13]苏麟,周小勇.建设数字化变电站必要性和亟待解决的问题[J].江苏电机工程,2007,26:14-16.
[14]丁杰,黄晓峰,徐石明,倪益民,黄国方.数字化变电站技术特征及架构研究[J].江苏电机工程,2007,26:29-31.
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[19]GB/T 20840.7,互感器第七部分:电子式电压互感器[S].2007.
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