药品进销存管理系统的设计与实现
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摘要
背景与目的:
药品流通管理是医院三大业务主干之一,其进销存管理系统是医院信息系统建设的重要组成部分。在应对“新医改”的历史形势下,如何对药品物流资金流和信息流进行整体规划,减少不良库存,降低药品流通资金占用率,挖掘潜在利润,是医院在药品库存管理方面的重要课题之一。
本课题尝试对医院药品进销存管理系统进行系统的研究和探索,阐述了先进的管理思想应用于药品管理的重要意义,分析了国内外药品管理的研究现状和发展趋势,并结合第三军医大学西南医院药剂科的实际情况,展开了具体研究和应用,形成了初步的理论体系和结构较为完善的软件系统。
药品进销存管理系统的设计目的旨在探索“新医改”历史形势下,应用信息化技术手段,融合先进的市场营销和药品管理理念,结合医院长期以来积累的工作经验和工作环境,实现控制各类药品库存,提高流通资金的周转效率。通过课题组的设计和应用,创新性的提出了四点药品管理理念:(1)提出D类药品管理,发展了传统ABC分类法管理理论;(2)基于ABCD分类管理理论制定采购计划,有效地平衡低库存与库存周转的矛盾;(3)兼顾可支付能力与应支付计划平衡,将药品的经营模式由采购-销售模式转变为代销模式,制定采购成本支付计划,既保证了医院流动资金的科学运转,也保障了医院药品供应伙伴的资本运营;(4)主观与客观评价相结合,构建供应商评估体系,有效的评估供应商药品供应能力,防止药品断药等现象发生。
方法:
1、采用系统工程的思想从系统的整体性、系统的结构和功能的角度去研究信息系统,探求系统、信息、控制间的联系性质和规律性;
2、依据需求调研、需求分析、系统分析、系统设计、代码编写、软件测试、系统部署的流程思想设计和开发系统;
3、采用三层的C/S体系结构,开发工具使用PowerBuilder,数据库管理系统选用oracle 9i,综合运用了面向对象、数据库、XML、指纹识别、数据加密、文件传输等软件技术,开发出设计先进、结构合理、集成度高的软件系统,具有良好的人机交互界面,并且操作简单,具备较强的实用性。
结果:
应用计算机技术,结合先进的药事管理理念,开发了一套适合大型医院的药品进销存管理系统,包含药品采购、出入库管理、价格管理、库存管理、供应商管理、支付管理、基础维护、报表系统等子系统。
结论与展望:
1、解决药品管理程序的功能落后与我院医院业务日益增长之间的矛盾;
2、按照新医改的指导意见,完善和新增了符合医院药品科学化管理发展的技术框架和软件功能;
3、将科学的药事管理理论与医院实际情况相结合,在实践中得到有效地验证。由于各医院的实际情况不同,系统推广中还需要进一步做好功能的通用性和客户化开发。
Background and objectives:
The management of drug currency is one of the three operations in the hospital. Its pharmacy management system (which is including procurement, distribution,and sales )is an important part of hospital information system (HIS). In response to the new medical reform, it is one of important topics that how to conduct an overall planning of pharmaceutical logistics flow and information flow of funds, reduce inventory, improve cash flow rate of drugs and tap the potential profits.
This paper attempts to research and explore systemically the pharmacy management system, describe advanced ideas of management applied to the significance of drug administration, analyze research and development trends of drug administration at home and abroad, carry out specific research and application with the actual situation of pharmacy in southwest hospital of the Third Military Medical University. At last, certain results is achieved that a preliminary theoretical system is formed and structure of a more complete software system is developed.
Pharmacy management system is designed to control inventory of various types of drugs and improve the efficiency of liquidity squeeze flow with long accumulated work experience and working environment, through the application of information technology tools and Integration of advanced concept of marketing and drug administration in the historical situation of new medical reform. Through design and application of drug administration with the task force, the paper puts forward four-point philosophy of drug administration: (1) propose D class drug administration, based on development of the traditional ABC classification theoretically; (2) control inventory through develop procurement plans based on management theory of ABCD classification;(3) develop payment plan of purchase cost with consideration of sale and payment;(4) build supplier evaluation system through Combination of subjective and objective evaluation.
Methods:
1、The paper is to search systems, information, control the regularity, depending on ideas of systems engineering, including systems integration, system structure and function of the context of the information system.
2、Design and applicant the information systems, according to demand research, needs analysis, systems analysis, system design, coding, software testing, system deployment process.
3、The system uses a three-tier C/S architecture, PowerBuilder as developing tools ,oracle 9i as database, integrates good ideas of OO (Object–Oriented), Database , XML, finger identified , data encrypted and file transferred ,and develops the perfect system with advanced design , reasonable structure and high integration, which has a good man-machine interface and simple operation with a strong practicality.
Results:
The pharmacy management system is developed with computer technology and advanced concepts of Pharmacy Administration, which is including drug procurement, management of the storage, management of price, management of inventory, management of supplier, management of payment, infrastructure maintenance and sub-features report system.
Conclusion and Outlook:
1、The system is to to solve the problem between backward function of the old system and growing business in hospital.
2、Under the new guidance for medical reform, the system improves and add new functions in keeping with the hospital's technical framework for the development of scientific management and software features.
3、Combining management science theory of the pharmacy and reality of the hospital is thought to get the effective verification in practice. As a result of the actual situation in different hospitals, the system also needs to promote the common good functional and customized development.
药品流通管理是医院三大业务主干之一,其进销存管理系统是医院信息系统建设的重要组成部分。在应对“新医改”的历史形势下,如何对药品物流资金流和信息流进行整体规划,减少不良库存,降低药品流通资金占用率,挖掘潜在利润,是医院在药品库存管理方面的重要课题之一。
本课题尝试对医院药品进销存管理系统进行系统的研究和探索,阐述了先进的管理思想应用于药品管理的重要意义,分析了国内外药品管理的研究现状和发展趋势,并结合第三军医大学西南医院药剂科的实际情况,展开了具体研究和应用,形成了初步的理论体系和结构较为完善的软件系统。
药品进销存管理系统的设计目的旨在探索“新医改”历史形势下,应用信息化技术手段,融合先进的市场营销和药品管理理念,结合医院长期以来积累的工作经验和工作环境,实现控制各类药品库存,提高流通资金的周转效率。通过课题组的设计和应用,创新性的提出了四点药品管理理念:(1)提出D类药品管理,发展了传统ABC分类法管理理论;(2)基于ABCD分类管理理论制定采购计划,有效地平衡低库存与库存周转的矛盾;(3)兼顾可支付能力与应支付计划平衡,将药品的经营模式由采购-销售模式转变为代销模式,制定采购成本支付计划,既保证了医院流动资金的科学运转,也保障了医院药品供应伙伴的资本运营;(4)主观与客观评价相结合,构建供应商评估体系,有效的评估供应商药品供应能力,防止药品断药等现象发生。
方法:
1、采用系统工程的思想从系统的整体性、系统的结构和功能的角度去研究信息系统,探求系统、信息、控制间的联系性质和规律性;
2、依据需求调研、需求分析、系统分析、系统设计、代码编写、软件测试、系统部署的流程思想设计和开发系统;
3、采用三层的C/S体系结构,开发工具使用PowerBuilder,数据库管理系统选用oracle 9i,综合运用了面向对象、数据库、XML、指纹识别、数据加密、文件传输等软件技术,开发出设计先进、结构合理、集成度高的软件系统,具有良好的人机交互界面,并且操作简单,具备较强的实用性。
结果:
应用计算机技术,结合先进的药事管理理念,开发了一套适合大型医院的药品进销存管理系统,包含药品采购、出入库管理、价格管理、库存管理、供应商管理、支付管理、基础维护、报表系统等子系统。
结论与展望:
1、解决药品管理程序的功能落后与我院医院业务日益增长之间的矛盾;
2、按照新医改的指导意见,完善和新增了符合医院药品科学化管理发展的技术框架和软件功能;
3、将科学的药事管理理论与医院实际情况相结合,在实践中得到有效地验证。由于各医院的实际情况不同,系统推广中还需要进一步做好功能的通用性和客户化开发。
Background and objectives:
The management of drug currency is one of the three operations in the hospital. Its pharmacy management system (which is including procurement, distribution,and sales )is an important part of hospital information system (HIS). In response to the new medical reform, it is one of important topics that how to conduct an overall planning of pharmaceutical logistics flow and information flow of funds, reduce inventory, improve cash flow rate of drugs and tap the potential profits.
This paper attempts to research and explore systemically the pharmacy management system, describe advanced ideas of management applied to the significance of drug administration, analyze research and development trends of drug administration at home and abroad, carry out specific research and application with the actual situation of pharmacy in southwest hospital of the Third Military Medical University. At last, certain results is achieved that a preliminary theoretical system is formed and structure of a more complete software system is developed.
Pharmacy management system is designed to control inventory of various types of drugs and improve the efficiency of liquidity squeeze flow with long accumulated work experience and working environment, through the application of information technology tools and Integration of advanced concept of marketing and drug administration in the historical situation of new medical reform. Through design and application of drug administration with the task force, the paper puts forward four-point philosophy of drug administration: (1) propose D class drug administration, based on development of the traditional ABC classification theoretically; (2) control inventory through develop procurement plans based on management theory of ABCD classification;(3) develop payment plan of purchase cost with consideration of sale and payment;(4) build supplier evaluation system through Combination of subjective and objective evaluation.
Methods:
1、The paper is to search systems, information, control the regularity, depending on ideas of systems engineering, including systems integration, system structure and function of the context of the information system.
2、Design and applicant the information systems, according to demand research, needs analysis, systems analysis, system design, coding, software testing, system deployment process.
3、The system uses a three-tier C/S architecture, PowerBuilder as developing tools ,oracle 9i as database, integrates good ideas of OO (Object–Oriented), Database , XML, finger identified , data encrypted and file transferred ,and develops the perfect system with advanced design , reasonable structure and high integration, which has a good man-machine interface and simple operation with a strong practicality.
Results:
The pharmacy management system is developed with computer technology and advanced concepts of Pharmacy Administration, which is including drug procurement, management of the storage, management of price, management of inventory, management of supplier, management of payment, infrastructure maintenance and sub-features report system.
Conclusion and Outlook:
1、The system is to to solve the problem between backward function of the old system and growing business in hospital.
2、Under the new guidance for medical reform, the system improves and add new functions in keeping with the hospital's technical framework for the development of scientific management and software features.
3、Combining management science theory of the pharmacy and reality of the hospital is thought to get the effective verification in practice. As a result of the actual situation in different hospitals, the system also needs to promote the common good functional and customized development.
引文
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2王艳茏,宋艳,张绍军.对医药分开与取消药品加成政策的思考[J].中国医院管理,2009,29(8):4-5
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4姜雪秋.加强医院药房管理至关重要[J].中国医学创新,2009,6(34):159-160
5 Tercero W.Strategies for managing injectable drugs in a managed care setting[J] .Manage Care Q, 2002,(3):16-20.
6吴永佩.药学综合知识与技能[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2000.4.
7孔宪伟,翟所迪.医院药品网上采购3种模式比较[J].中国药房,2005,16(22):1705
8李刚荣,方明金.数字化医院建设的思路与实践[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2006:73-76
9王锡莉.ABC分类法在企业库存管理中的应用研究[J].现代商贸工业,2009,(5)
10 Dan Ferber, BMN News. Drug designers learn their ABC.DDT,2003,8(21) :960-961
11 Lage H. (2003) ABC-transporters: implications on drug resistance from microorganisms to human cancers. Int. J. Antimicrobial Agents 22, 188–199
12徐江红,李刚,简晓霞.运用ABC分类法管理库存药品上下限量研究.解放军医院管理杂志,2005,12(6):590-591
13李海洋. ABC分类法在药品库存管理中的应用.当代医学,2009,15(4) :19-20
14王贤才主译,临床药物大典[M].青岛:青岛出版社,1994,55-57.
15全国科学技术名词审定委员会.药学名词[S].北京:科学出版社,1999:102.
16 Arno PS, Bonuck K, Davis M. Rare disease, drug development, and AIDS: the impact of the Orphan Drug Act[J]. Milbank-Q, 1995, 73(2):231.
17张秀云.美国药品市场走过艰难而兴奋的一年[J].医药经济信息,2005,8:26-29.
18 Goldman sachs. Industry report: Health care technology & distribution [EB/OL].http://gs.com/search/distribution, 2006.02.03
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