高短路阻抗变压器式消弧线圈谐振接地系统的研究
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摘要
近几年来,随着配电网的不断发展,城市电网中电缆线路的比例越来越高,使得电网的对地电容电流增加,当电网发生单相接地故障时,接地电弧不能自行熄灭。为解决这一问题,我国配电网多采用中性点经消弧线圈接地方式。
本文在此背景下,研究了高短路阻抗变压器式消弧线圈,该消弧线圈具有响应速度快、电感量连续可调的优点。首先,对高短路阻抗变压器式消弧线圈的结构和工作原理进行研究,建立数学模型,推导参数之间的基本关系式。随后,利用Matlab/Simulink仿真软件建立高短路阻抗变压器式消弧线圈的仿真模型,来模拟其运行的电气特性,并且搭建10kV配电网模型,仿真电网发生单相接地故障时,消弧线圈对电网电容电流的补偿效果。通过仿真实验,分析出当高短路阻抗变压器式消弧线圈调节范围满足实际应用要求时,一次侧电流谐波问题严重,不利于电弧的自行熄灭。为解决高短路阻抗变压器式消弧线圈的谐波污染问题,设计单相有源电力滤波器,并且在Matlab/Simulink仿真软件中建立仿真模型,仿真结果有力的证明了该方法能够有效地抑制高短路阻抗变压式消弧线圈一次侧电流谐波。
最后根据谐振接地系统的要求,设计高短路阻抗变压器式消弧线圈控制系统,侧重设计以PIC单片机为核心的触发脉冲控制部分。
In recent years, with the continuous development of distribution networks, the scale of power grid is increasing rapidly.What`s more,with the large use of cable lines, the grounding capacitance current is increasing,thus the grounding faults increasing notably and grounding arc can’t be self-extinguished,which makes the situation worse. In order to solve this issue,the compensating method of neutral point grounding through Peterson coil is commonly used in our country.
Due to this background,the paper studies the high short-circuit impedance transformer arc suppression coil,whitch has the advantages of adjustable inductance and fast response.Firstly,according to the sructure and working principle of the high short-circuit impedance transformer arc suppression coil,established its mathemati- cal model,derived the basic relatioship between the parametes. Secondly, using Matlab / Simulink simulation software to establish its computer simulation model ,whitch can simulate the electrical characteristics of its operation. And using this software to establish 10kV distribution network simulation model, whitch can simulate Peterson coil compensation for the grounding capacitance current.By doing the simulation , we found that when the adjustment range of the high short-circuit impedance transformer arc suppression coil met the actual requiremen- ts,the problem of harmonic current is serious,whitch is not conductive to extinguish the arc.To solve the problem, designed the Single-phase Active Power Filter for he high short-circuit impedance transformer arc suppression coil.And using Matlab / Simulink simulation software to establish its computer simulation model . The simulation results show that the Single-phase Active Power Filter can effectively suppress the harmonic current of the high short-circuit impedance transformer arc suppression coil to solve the problem.
Finally, according to the requirements of resonant grounding system ,designed the control system of the high short-circuit impedance transformer arc suppression coil .And designed in detail the trigger pulse control section,which is based on the PIC microcontroller.
本文在此背景下,研究了高短路阻抗变压器式消弧线圈,该消弧线圈具有响应速度快、电感量连续可调的优点。首先,对高短路阻抗变压器式消弧线圈的结构和工作原理进行研究,建立数学模型,推导参数之间的基本关系式。随后,利用Matlab/Simulink仿真软件建立高短路阻抗变压器式消弧线圈的仿真模型,来模拟其运行的电气特性,并且搭建10kV配电网模型,仿真电网发生单相接地故障时,消弧线圈对电网电容电流的补偿效果。通过仿真实验,分析出当高短路阻抗变压器式消弧线圈调节范围满足实际应用要求时,一次侧电流谐波问题严重,不利于电弧的自行熄灭。为解决高短路阻抗变压器式消弧线圈的谐波污染问题,设计单相有源电力滤波器,并且在Matlab/Simulink仿真软件中建立仿真模型,仿真结果有力的证明了该方法能够有效地抑制高短路阻抗变压式消弧线圈一次侧电流谐波。
最后根据谐振接地系统的要求,设计高短路阻抗变压器式消弧线圈控制系统,侧重设计以PIC单片机为核心的触发脉冲控制部分。
In recent years, with the continuous development of distribution networks, the scale of power grid is increasing rapidly.What`s more,with the large use of cable lines, the grounding capacitance current is increasing,thus the grounding faults increasing notably and grounding arc can’t be self-extinguished,which makes the situation worse. In order to solve this issue,the compensating method of neutral point grounding through Peterson coil is commonly used in our country.
Due to this background,the paper studies the high short-circuit impedance transformer arc suppression coil,whitch has the advantages of adjustable inductance and fast response.Firstly,according to the sructure and working principle of the high short-circuit impedance transformer arc suppression coil,established its mathemati- cal model,derived the basic relatioship between the parametes. Secondly, using Matlab / Simulink simulation software to establish its computer simulation model ,whitch can simulate the electrical characteristics of its operation. And using this software to establish 10kV distribution network simulation model, whitch can simulate Peterson coil compensation for the grounding capacitance current.By doing the simulation , we found that when the adjustment range of the high short-circuit impedance transformer arc suppression coil met the actual requiremen- ts,the problem of harmonic current is serious,whitch is not conductive to extinguish the arc.To solve the problem, designed the Single-phase Active Power Filter for he high short-circuit impedance transformer arc suppression coil.And using Matlab / Simulink simulation software to establish its computer simulation model . The simulation results show that the Single-phase Active Power Filter can effectively suppress the harmonic current of the high short-circuit impedance transformer arc suppression coil to solve the problem.
Finally, according to the requirements of resonant grounding system ,designed the control system of the high short-circuit impedance transformer arc suppression coil .And designed in detail the trigger pulse control section,which is based on the PIC microcontroller.
引文
[1]要焕年,曹梅月.电力系统谐振接地(第二版)[M] .北京:中国电力出版社,2009:1-11
[2]李润先.中压电网系统接地实用技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社, 2002:1-23
[3] IN Howell, Irving Kolodny. IEEE Recommended Practice for Grounding of Indu sral and Commercial Power Systems[M].New York:The Institute of Electronnics Engin-eers,1982:16-43
[4] K.J.S.Khunbun,J.L.Kowpfinger. MV headed Resonant Grounding(Ground Fault NEutralizer)of A Unit Connected Generator[J]. IEEE Transactions Power Applicatiion,1997,2:550-559
[5] Yan Xianglian,He Ziming,hen Weijiang. An Investigation int arcs elfextinguishi- ng characteristics on Peterson coil compensated system[C].2008 International Conference on High Voltage Engineering and Application.2008:249-252
[6] P.Folliot,JM.Boyer, S.Bolle. Neutral grounding teactor for mediu networks[J]. 16th Intnational Conference and Exhibition on Electricity .2001,1:1-6
[7] Qu Yilong, Tan Weipu, Yang Yihan. Research on New Type Principal auxiliary Acrsuppression Coil Base on Single-phase Active Power Filter Technology[A]. China International Conference On Electricity Distribution 2006 CICED [C]. Beijing,Chiina,2006.8
[8]曲秩龙,王强等.配电网单相接地鼓掌引发电压互感器保险熔断的暂态分析[J].吉林电力.2006.34(4):28-31
[9]李景禄. ZXB系列自动跟踪补偿消弧线圈[J].电网技术,1998,22(2):40-43
[10]罗军川,姚瑞请. 35KV消弧线圈自动跟踪调谐技术原理及应用[J].高电压技术, 1999,25(3):27-30
[11]蔡旭.新型偏磁式消弧线圈及其控制[J].电力系统化,2002,26(10): 32- 35
[12] Cai Xu. A new arc-suppression coil with magnetic bias and its characteristics analysis[J].Sixth International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems.200-3,2:903-906
[13]尹忠东,程行斌,刘虹.可控电抗器在电网电容电流自动补偿中的应用[J].高压技术, 1996,22(3):50-53
[14]徐玉琴,陈志业,李鹏.晶闸管投切电容式消弧线圈的设计与应用研究[J].电力系统自动化, 2001, 25(13):28-32
[15]何锡祺,齐郑,杨以涵,等.并联电抗器组合式消弧线圈的研究[J].电力系统自动化. 2008, 32(3):92-96
[16]梁睿,薛雪,王崇林,等.一种新型TCR消弧线圈研究[J].电气2008,27(1):19-21
[17]陈恒,蔡旭,汪军.相控式消弧线圈补偿特性[J].电力系统自动化, 2007,13(1111):18-22
[18]张宇,陈乔夫,田军,等.基于变压器端口调节的可控电抗器[J].中国电机工程学报. 2009, 29(18):113-118
[19] J.D.Ainsworth. Phase-locked oscillator control system for thyristor controlled reactors.IEE Proceedings Generation[J], Transmission and Distribution. 1988. 135(2):146-156
[20] Elean Gaio, Roberto Piovan,Loris Zanotto,Paolo Bordignon, Tito Consani. Th- yrristorprotection for series capacitors in an arc furnace plant[J]. IEEE Transa- ctions on PowerDelivery, 2004, 19(4):1891-1897
[21] Liu Zhizhen, Chen Hongyan, Yu Zhihao. Harmonic analysis of arc suppression coil based on transformer with high short circuit impedance[J]. International Conference on Power System Technology,2002,1:130-133
[22]朱孝军.谐振接地系统关键实现技术研究[D] .武汉:华中科技大学, 2007
[23] KD-XH型配电网智能化快速消弧系统[Z].广州智光电气产品样本, 2001
[24]刘金旭.变压器式可控电抗器型消弧线圈的谐波分析与抑制[J].高压电器, 2005, 8(4):276-278
[25] Gary W.Chang,Tai-Chang. A Novel Reference Compensation Current Strategy for Shunt Active Power Filter Control[J]. IEEE Trans.on Power Delivery ,2004 ,19(4):1751-1758
[26] Victor M.Moreo, Alberto Pigazo Lopez, Rarmon Ignacio Diego Garcias. Refe- rence Current Estimation Under Distorted Line Voltage for Control of Shunt Active PoWer Filter[J]. IEEE Trans.on Power Delivery, 2004,19(4):988-994
[27]洪发,殷献忠,何仰赞.同步检测法的改进及其在二相不对称无功功率中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报. 2000.20(6):17-20
[28] Sozanski K.P. Sliding DFT control algorithm for three-phase active power fite- r[C]. Twenty-First Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and E- xposition,2006,168-194
[29]吕振林,田岚.基于一种新型自适应滤波的谐波检测算法[J].电力系统及其自动化学报, 2007, 19(5):75-78
[30]李辉,李亦斌,邹云屏.等一种新的变步长自适应谐波检测算法[J].电力系统自动化, 2005, 29(2):69-73
[31]李萍,刘小河.基于RLS算法的APF电流检测[J].电力白动化设各, 2007, 27(7):50-53
[32]石敏,吴正国,尹为民.基于RLS算法的时变谐波检测[J].电工技术学报, 2005, 20(1):50-53
[33] Chen Yiguang, Kong Qun, Qian Houlong,Xing Shengzhi. Shunt Active Power Filter Using Average Power and RLS Self-adapting Algorithms[C]. Proceeings of The Sixth Internationnal Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Ap- plications,2006:25-30
[34]陈琼,郑建勇,丁祖军. p-q-r皆波电流检测方法及改进设计[J].武汉理工大学学报, 2008, 30(10):141-143
[35]夏向阳,罗安.一种实用的谐波分频检测方法[J].高电压技术, 2008, 34( 7):1489-1493
[36]周柯,罗安,夏向阳.一种改进的i p ? iq谐波电流检测方法及数字低通滤波器的优化设计[J].中国电机工程学报, 2007, 27(34):96-101
[37] Hui Wang, Qingmin Li, Minglei Wu, et al. Preparation of Investigation on a New Algorithm for Instantaneous Reactive and Harmonic Currents detection Appliy to Intensively Nonlinear Loads[C]. IEEE Internationa Conference on Industrial Technolog, 2006,2557-2562
[38] Fryze S. Active. Reactive and apparent power in circuits with nonsinusoidal v- Oltage and current(in polish)[L]. Prezgl. Elektr-tech, 1931,(7):193-203
[39]阵峻岭,姜新建,孙卓.基于FBD法的三相电力系统电流检测方法的应用[L].电力系统自动化, 2004, 28(24): 23-27
[40]吴季波.单相谐波抑制变压器及其配套有源和无源混合滤波器研究[D].长沙:湖南大学, 2008:20-24
[41]唐蕾,陈维荣.畸变电压下单相电路谐波和无功电流综合检测方法[J].电力自动化设备, 2009,29(6):44-47
[2]李润先.中压电网系统接地实用技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社, 2002:1-23
[3] IN Howell, Irving Kolodny. IEEE Recommended Practice for Grounding of Indu sral and Commercial Power Systems[M].New York:The Institute of Electronnics Engin-eers,1982:16-43
[4] K.J.S.Khunbun,J.L.Kowpfinger. MV headed Resonant Grounding(Ground Fault NEutralizer)of A Unit Connected Generator[J]. IEEE Transactions Power Applicatiion,1997,2:550-559
[5] Yan Xianglian,He Ziming,hen Weijiang. An Investigation int arcs elfextinguishi- ng characteristics on Peterson coil compensated system[C].2008 International Conference on High Voltage Engineering and Application.2008:249-252
[6] P.Folliot,JM.Boyer, S.Bolle. Neutral grounding teactor for mediu networks[J]. 16th Intnational Conference and Exhibition on Electricity .2001,1:1-6
[7] Qu Yilong, Tan Weipu, Yang Yihan. Research on New Type Principal auxiliary Acrsuppression Coil Base on Single-phase Active Power Filter Technology[A]. China International Conference On Electricity Distribution 2006 CICED [C]. Beijing,Chiina,2006.8
[8]曲秩龙,王强等.配电网单相接地鼓掌引发电压互感器保险熔断的暂态分析[J].吉林电力.2006.34(4):28-31
[9]李景禄. ZXB系列自动跟踪补偿消弧线圈[J].电网技术,1998,22(2):40-43
[10]罗军川,姚瑞请. 35KV消弧线圈自动跟踪调谐技术原理及应用[J].高电压技术, 1999,25(3):27-30
[11]蔡旭.新型偏磁式消弧线圈及其控制[J].电力系统化,2002,26(10): 32- 35
[12] Cai Xu. A new arc-suppression coil with magnetic bias and its characteristics analysis[J].Sixth International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems.200-3,2:903-906
[13]尹忠东,程行斌,刘虹.可控电抗器在电网电容电流自动补偿中的应用[J].高压技术, 1996,22(3):50-53
[14]徐玉琴,陈志业,李鹏.晶闸管投切电容式消弧线圈的设计与应用研究[J].电力系统自动化, 2001, 25(13):28-32
[15]何锡祺,齐郑,杨以涵,等.并联电抗器组合式消弧线圈的研究[J].电力系统自动化. 2008, 32(3):92-96
[16]梁睿,薛雪,王崇林,等.一种新型TCR消弧线圈研究[J].电气2008,27(1):19-21
[17]陈恒,蔡旭,汪军.相控式消弧线圈补偿特性[J].电力系统自动化, 2007,13(1111):18-22
[18]张宇,陈乔夫,田军,等.基于变压器端口调节的可控电抗器[J].中国电机工程学报. 2009, 29(18):113-118
[19] J.D.Ainsworth. Phase-locked oscillator control system for thyristor controlled reactors.IEE Proceedings Generation[J], Transmission and Distribution. 1988. 135(2):146-156
[20] Elean Gaio, Roberto Piovan,Loris Zanotto,Paolo Bordignon, Tito Consani. Th- yrristorprotection for series capacitors in an arc furnace plant[J]. IEEE Transa- ctions on PowerDelivery, 2004, 19(4):1891-1897
[21] Liu Zhizhen, Chen Hongyan, Yu Zhihao. Harmonic analysis of arc suppression coil based on transformer with high short circuit impedance[J]. International Conference on Power System Technology,2002,1:130-133
[22]朱孝军.谐振接地系统关键实现技术研究[D] .武汉:华中科技大学, 2007
[23] KD-XH型配电网智能化快速消弧系统[Z].广州智光电气产品样本, 2001
[24]刘金旭.变压器式可控电抗器型消弧线圈的谐波分析与抑制[J].高压电器, 2005, 8(4):276-278
[25] Gary W.Chang,Tai-Chang. A Novel Reference Compensation Current Strategy for Shunt Active Power Filter Control[J]. IEEE Trans.on Power Delivery ,2004 ,19(4):1751-1758
[26] Victor M.Moreo, Alberto Pigazo Lopez, Rarmon Ignacio Diego Garcias. Refe- rence Current Estimation Under Distorted Line Voltage for Control of Shunt Active PoWer Filter[J]. IEEE Trans.on Power Delivery, 2004,19(4):988-994
[27]洪发,殷献忠,何仰赞.同步检测法的改进及其在二相不对称无功功率中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报. 2000.20(6):17-20
[28] Sozanski K.P. Sliding DFT control algorithm for three-phase active power fite- r[C]. Twenty-First Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and E- xposition,2006,168-194
[29]吕振林,田岚.基于一种新型自适应滤波的谐波检测算法[J].电力系统及其自动化学报, 2007, 19(5):75-78
[30]李辉,李亦斌,邹云屏.等一种新的变步长自适应谐波检测算法[J].电力系统自动化, 2005, 29(2):69-73
[31]李萍,刘小河.基于RLS算法的APF电流检测[J].电力白动化设各, 2007, 27(7):50-53
[32]石敏,吴正国,尹为民.基于RLS算法的时变谐波检测[J].电工技术学报, 2005, 20(1):50-53
[33] Chen Yiguang, Kong Qun, Qian Houlong,Xing Shengzhi. Shunt Active Power Filter Using Average Power and RLS Self-adapting Algorithms[C]. Proceeings of The Sixth Internationnal Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Ap- plications,2006:25-30
[34]陈琼,郑建勇,丁祖军. p-q-r皆波电流检测方法及改进设计[J].武汉理工大学学报, 2008, 30(10):141-143
[35]夏向阳,罗安.一种实用的谐波分频检测方法[J].高电压技术, 2008, 34( 7):1489-1493
[36]周柯,罗安,夏向阳.一种改进的i p ? iq谐波电流检测方法及数字低通滤波器的优化设计[J].中国电机工程学报, 2007, 27(34):96-101
[37] Hui Wang, Qingmin Li, Minglei Wu, et al. Preparation of Investigation on a New Algorithm for Instantaneous Reactive and Harmonic Currents detection Appliy to Intensively Nonlinear Loads[C]. IEEE Internationa Conference on Industrial Technolog, 2006,2557-2562
[38] Fryze S. Active. Reactive and apparent power in circuits with nonsinusoidal v- Oltage and current(in polish)[L]. Prezgl. Elektr-tech, 1931,(7):193-203
[39]阵峻岭,姜新建,孙卓.基于FBD法的三相电力系统电流检测方法的应用[L].电力系统自动化, 2004, 28(24): 23-27
[40]吴季波.单相谐波抑制变压器及其配套有源和无源混合滤波器研究[D].长沙:湖南大学, 2008:20-24
[41]唐蕾,陈维荣.畸变电压下单相电路谐波和无功电流综合检测方法[J].电力自动化设备, 2009,29(6):44-47