自平衡挡墙的适用性和经济性研究
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摘要
伴随着经济的飞速发展,我国必须进行大规模的基设施础建设、城市建设才能满足经济和社会日益发展的要求,而很多建设工程都直接涉及到边坡的开挖或支护。由于场地条件与地质情况的复杂性,使边坡的稳定受到多种因素的影响,因此边坡的支护形式也应满足日益严峻的边坡形势的需要。
本文介绍了现有的几种支护形式,简单说明了现有支护形式的优缺点,指出现有的支护形式已经难以满足日益严峻的边坡形势。而自平衡挡墙就是一种由原有支护形式基础上发展而来的新型支护结构。它是利用上部结构传递的重力,主动平衡坡体的推力,使整个挡墙与坡体达到平衡。
本论文以自平衡挡墙为研究对象,系统的分析了自平衡挡墙的原理,认为:由于自平衡挡墙巧妙的利用了上部结构的自重来平衡边坡推力,避免了传统结构体系的横向支撑,使结构体系有很好的相对独立性。这种特性使自平衡挡墙能够用于锚拉条件差的建筑条件,能够适应当前条件复杂、苛刻的边坡场地环境。由于自平衡挡墙结合了重力式挡土墙和抗滑桩两者的优点,因而具有更强的适应能力,它不但可以减小桩身弯矩,降低配筋率、锚固深度和工程造价,而且可以缩短工期,增加边坡支护高度。在综合分析和研究的基础上,提出了自平衡挡墙合理应用的几种功能、场地类型。为了研究自平衡挡墙的经济优势,采用一套假定的场地条件,用三种不同的边坡支护方案作了对比分析。定量的验证了自平衡挡墙的结构合理性和经济使用性,得出了其工程造价较其它支护方案节省10%~40%。该结论可为工程设计人员选择结构方案时提供参考。
最后,针对重庆市某区的实际边坡工程,应用自平衡挡墙进行了设计,分析结果表明:自平衡挡墙结构合理,其边坡稳定性、支护效果、经济效益均优于其它类型的挡土结构。但作为一种新型的挡土结构形式,其中还存在有不足之处,这将是日后研究工作的重点。
Along with the rapid economic development, our country needs to carry out large-scale construction of basic infrastructure facilities,urban construction in order to satisfy the growing economic and social development. And many construction projects are directly related to the excavation of the slope or supports. Due to the site conditions and the complex geological conditions, so that the slope stability is affected by many factors, Therefore slope of supporting forms should also satisfy the increasingly severe situation of the slope.
This paper describes some of the existing forms about support and give a brief description of the existing forms about support advantages and disadvantages as well as pointing out that the existing forms of support has some difficulties to meet the increasingly serious situation of slope. Since the self-balance retaining wall is a new support structure which is developed from the original form of support. It makes use of gravity which is transmitted from the upper structure of the the slope , it keeps the thrust blance and make the entire wall and the slope in balance.
Since this paper regarding balance wall as research object and systematically analyzed the principle the balance between retaining wall, then come to a conclusion that: balance wall clever using the weight of the upper structure to balance the slope, avoiding the lateral support of the traditional structure, so that structural system is good relative independence. Such characteristics make balance retaining wall anchor for the poor conditions of the building, able to adapt to the current conditions of complex slope venue harsh environment. Since the self-balance retaining wall combined the merit of the gravity retaining wall and sliding pile, so it is more adaptive. It not only can reduce the bending and lower rate of reinforcement, anchoring depth and construction costs, but also can shorten the construction period.and support higher slope. On this basis, a self-retaining wall reasonable balance between the applications of several functions, types of venues. To study the economic advantages of the self-balancing wall of using a set of assumptions venues, three different slope support program were compared. Quantitative verification of the self-balancing wall structure more rational and economic use, came to its costs to save 10~40% than other support program. The conclusions will provide reference for engineering design selection program structure.
Finally, aimed at the actual slope engineering of a district of Chongqing Municipality, applied the balance of retaining wall design, the analysis showed: a reasonable balance between retaining wall structures, slope stability, the bracing effect, the economic results are better than other types of retaining structure. But the research about balance wall, as a new retaining structure, has barely begun. There is still plenty of researching work need to do. It will become the emphasis in the next step research.
本文介绍了现有的几种支护形式,简单说明了现有支护形式的优缺点,指出现有的支护形式已经难以满足日益严峻的边坡形势。而自平衡挡墙就是一种由原有支护形式基础上发展而来的新型支护结构。它是利用上部结构传递的重力,主动平衡坡体的推力,使整个挡墙与坡体达到平衡。
本论文以自平衡挡墙为研究对象,系统的分析了自平衡挡墙的原理,认为:由于自平衡挡墙巧妙的利用了上部结构的自重来平衡边坡推力,避免了传统结构体系的横向支撑,使结构体系有很好的相对独立性。这种特性使自平衡挡墙能够用于锚拉条件差的建筑条件,能够适应当前条件复杂、苛刻的边坡场地环境。由于自平衡挡墙结合了重力式挡土墙和抗滑桩两者的优点,因而具有更强的适应能力,它不但可以减小桩身弯矩,降低配筋率、锚固深度和工程造价,而且可以缩短工期,增加边坡支护高度。在综合分析和研究的基础上,提出了自平衡挡墙合理应用的几种功能、场地类型。为了研究自平衡挡墙的经济优势,采用一套假定的场地条件,用三种不同的边坡支护方案作了对比分析。定量的验证了自平衡挡墙的结构合理性和经济使用性,得出了其工程造价较其它支护方案节省10%~40%。该结论可为工程设计人员选择结构方案时提供参考。
最后,针对重庆市某区的实际边坡工程,应用自平衡挡墙进行了设计,分析结果表明:自平衡挡墙结构合理,其边坡稳定性、支护效果、经济效益均优于其它类型的挡土结构。但作为一种新型的挡土结构形式,其中还存在有不足之处,这将是日后研究工作的重点。
Along with the rapid economic development, our country needs to carry out large-scale construction of basic infrastructure facilities,urban construction in order to satisfy the growing economic and social development. And many construction projects are directly related to the excavation of the slope or supports. Due to the site conditions and the complex geological conditions, so that the slope stability is affected by many factors, Therefore slope of supporting forms should also satisfy the increasingly severe situation of the slope.
This paper describes some of the existing forms about support and give a brief description of the existing forms about support advantages and disadvantages as well as pointing out that the existing forms of support has some difficulties to meet the increasingly serious situation of slope. Since the self-balance retaining wall is a new support structure which is developed from the original form of support. It makes use of gravity which is transmitted from the upper structure of the the slope , it keeps the thrust blance and make the entire wall and the slope in balance.
Since this paper regarding balance wall as research object and systematically analyzed the principle the balance between retaining wall, then come to a conclusion that: balance wall clever using the weight of the upper structure to balance the slope, avoiding the lateral support of the traditional structure, so that structural system is good relative independence. Such characteristics make balance retaining wall anchor for the poor conditions of the building, able to adapt to the current conditions of complex slope venue harsh environment. Since the self-balance retaining wall combined the merit of the gravity retaining wall and sliding pile, so it is more adaptive. It not only can reduce the bending and lower rate of reinforcement, anchoring depth and construction costs, but also can shorten the construction period.and support higher slope. On this basis, a self-retaining wall reasonable balance between the applications of several functions, types of venues. To study the economic advantages of the self-balancing wall of using a set of assumptions venues, three different slope support program were compared. Quantitative verification of the self-balancing wall structure more rational and economic use, came to its costs to save 10~40% than other support program. The conclusions will provide reference for engineering design selection program structure.
Finally, aimed at the actual slope engineering of a district of Chongqing Municipality, applied the balance of retaining wall design, the analysis showed: a reasonable balance between retaining wall structures, slope stability, the bracing effect, the economic results are better than other types of retaining structure. But the research about balance wall, as a new retaining structure, has barely begun. There is still plenty of researching work need to do. It will become the emphasis in the next step research.
引文
[1] 崔政权,李宁. 边坡工程-理论与实践最新发展[M].中国建筑工业出版社,1999
[2] 杨航宇,颜志平,朱赞凌,罗志聪. 公路边坡防护与治理[J]. 人民交通出版社,2002
[3] 曾宪明,林润德,易平.基坑与边坡事故警示录[M]. 中国建筑工业出版社,1999
[4] 朱少荣. 抗滑桩优化设计与滑坡治理有限元分析[D]. 中国地质大学硕士学位论文,2004.5
[5] 赵海生. 基坑支护可拆型锚杆技术研究及工程实践[M]. 岩土锚固工程,2006.1
[6] 赵明阶,何光春,王多垠. 边坡工程处治技术[M]. 人民交通出版社,2003
[7] 重庆市建委. 建筑边坡工程技术规范. 中国建筑工业出版社,2002
[8] 杜时贵,潘别桐.小浪底边坡工程地质[M]. 中国地震出版社,1999.2
[9] 赵海玲.h 形抗滑桩变形性状的研究[M]. 四川大学硕士学位论文,2003
[10] 管立平. 自平衡复合式挡土墙的力学模型及应用研究[D].重庆大学土木学院硕士论文,2005.6
[11] 段新胜,顾 湘.桩基工程[M]. 中国地质大学工业出版社,1995.6
[12] 赵明华. 桥梁桩基计算与检测[M]. 人民交通出版社,2000
[13] 朱少荣. 抗滑桩优化设计与滑坡治理有限元分析[D]. 中国地质大学硕士学位论文,2004.5
[14] 刘利华,舒 翔,熊巨华.桩基工程的理论进展与工程实践[M]. 中国建材工业出版社,2002.12
[15] 尉希成. 支挡结构设计手册[M]. 中国建筑工业出版社,1995.9
[16] 刘金励. 桩基工程技术[M]. 中国建材工业出版社,1996.8
[17] 加拿大矿物和能源技术中心.(祝玉学,邢修祥译).边坡工程手册(上)[M]. 中国冶金工业出版社,1984.8
[18] 重庆市建委. 地质灾害防治工程设计规范. 2004
[19] 横山幸满. 桩结构物的计算方法和计算实例[M]. 中国铁道出版社,1977
[20] Poulos.H.G. Design of reinforcing piles to increase slope stability [J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal ,1995,32:808-818
[21] Poulos.H.G. Analysis of piles in soil undergoing lateral movement [J]. Journal of The SCanadian Geotechnical Journal ,1995,32:808-818
[22] DAY R.A,Net pressure analysis of cantilever sheet pile walls, Geotechnique, 1999
[23] Tomio Ito,Tamossu M , Methods to estimate lateral force acting on stabilizing piles,Soils and Foundation, 1975,15(4)
[24] B.B.Broms. Design of laterally loaded piles. Proc,ASCE,1965,91(3)
[25] 吴德安. 混凝土结构计算手册(第三版)[M]. 中国建筑工业出版社,2002.12
[26] 李海光. 新型支挡结构设计与工程实例[M].人民交通出版社,2004.2
[27] 张天宝.土坡稳定分析和土工建筑的边坡设计[M]. 成都科技大学出版社,1987.9
[28] 重庆江北地质工程勘察院. 重庆新泰山电线电缆有限公司引进设备改造 500KV 交联电缆生产线、引进设备改造 750KV 大容量导线生产线边坡岩土工程勘察报告[R]. 2004.6
[29] 赵明华. 桥梁桩基计算与检测.人民交通出版社[M],2000
[30] 横山幸满. 桩结构物的计算方法与计算实例[M].中国铁道出版社,2000
[31] 杨克己,韩理安. 桩基工程[M].人民交通出版社,1991
[32] 叶晓明. 土层水平卸荷拱的形成条件[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1995
[33] 钟玉斌. 自平衡式挡墙体系的研究[D].重庆大学土木学院硕士论文,2006.6
[2] 杨航宇,颜志平,朱赞凌,罗志聪. 公路边坡防护与治理[J]. 人民交通出版社,2002
[3] 曾宪明,林润德,易平.基坑与边坡事故警示录[M]. 中国建筑工业出版社,1999
[4] 朱少荣. 抗滑桩优化设计与滑坡治理有限元分析[D]. 中国地质大学硕士学位论文,2004.5
[5] 赵海生. 基坑支护可拆型锚杆技术研究及工程实践[M]. 岩土锚固工程,2006.1
[6] 赵明阶,何光春,王多垠. 边坡工程处治技术[M]. 人民交通出版社,2003
[7] 重庆市建委. 建筑边坡工程技术规范. 中国建筑工业出版社,2002
[8] 杜时贵,潘别桐.小浪底边坡工程地质[M]. 中国地震出版社,1999.2
[9] 赵海玲.h 形抗滑桩变形性状的研究[M]. 四川大学硕士学位论文,2003
[10] 管立平. 自平衡复合式挡土墙的力学模型及应用研究[D].重庆大学土木学院硕士论文,2005.6
[11] 段新胜,顾 湘.桩基工程[M]. 中国地质大学工业出版社,1995.6
[12] 赵明华. 桥梁桩基计算与检测[M]. 人民交通出版社,2000
[13] 朱少荣. 抗滑桩优化设计与滑坡治理有限元分析[D]. 中国地质大学硕士学位论文,2004.5
[14] 刘利华,舒 翔,熊巨华.桩基工程的理论进展与工程实践[M]. 中国建材工业出版社,2002.12
[15] 尉希成. 支挡结构设计手册[M]. 中国建筑工业出版社,1995.9
[16] 刘金励. 桩基工程技术[M]. 中国建材工业出版社,1996.8
[17] 加拿大矿物和能源技术中心.(祝玉学,邢修祥译).边坡工程手册(上)[M]. 中国冶金工业出版社,1984.8
[18] 重庆市建委. 地质灾害防治工程设计规范. 2004
[19] 横山幸满. 桩结构物的计算方法和计算实例[M]. 中国铁道出版社,1977
[20] Poulos.H.G. Design of reinforcing piles to increase slope stability [J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal ,1995,32:808-818
[21] Poulos.H.G. Analysis of piles in soil undergoing lateral movement [J]. Journal of The SCanadian Geotechnical Journal ,1995,32:808-818
[22] DAY R.A,Net pressure analysis of cantilever sheet pile walls, Geotechnique, 1999
[23] Tomio Ito,Tamossu M , Methods to estimate lateral force acting on stabilizing piles,Soils and Foundation, 1975,15(4)
[24] B.B.Broms. Design of laterally loaded piles. Proc,ASCE,1965,91(3)
[25] 吴德安. 混凝土结构计算手册(第三版)[M]. 中国建筑工业出版社,2002.12
[26] 李海光. 新型支挡结构设计与工程实例[M].人民交通出版社,2004.2
[27] 张天宝.土坡稳定分析和土工建筑的边坡设计[M]. 成都科技大学出版社,1987.9
[28] 重庆江北地质工程勘察院. 重庆新泰山电线电缆有限公司引进设备改造 500KV 交联电缆生产线、引进设备改造 750KV 大容量导线生产线边坡岩土工程勘察报告[R]. 2004.6
[29] 赵明华. 桥梁桩基计算与检测.人民交通出版社[M],2000
[30] 横山幸满. 桩结构物的计算方法与计算实例[M].中国铁道出版社,2000
[31] 杨克己,韩理安. 桩基工程[M].人民交通出版社,1991
[32] 叶晓明. 土层水平卸荷拱的形成条件[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1995
[33] 钟玉斌. 自平衡式挡墙体系的研究[D].重庆大学土木学院硕士论文,2006.6