摘要
随着国民经济的快速发展,电力需求随之大幅度增加,且电力供求日益紧张。2007年国家电网公司在向社会公开承诺的八项服务中,提出积极奉献清洁能源,明确提出将向社会输送10.6亿KWh绿色电力。为实现这一承诺,我国生物质发电项目建设全面提速。
发展新的可再生能源也为我国实现对世界二氧化碳排放量的承诺和推动中国经济结构调整,具有重要的战略意义。从世界范围来看,我国生物质能发电目前只占可再生能源发电装机容量的0.5%,远远低于世界平均25%的水平,说明我国在这方面还有很大的发展空间。国家“十一五”可再生能源发展规划纲要提出,“2010年将建设生物质发电550万千瓦装机容量”;《可再生能源中长期发展规划》确定,到2020年生物质发电装机要达到3000万千瓦。可见生物质发电项目作为重要的可再生能源,在中国具有很大的发展潜力。
然而,由于我国社会经济环境的限制,融资渠道等问题仍然是困扰生物质发电项目发展的关键因素。本文根据项目融资的特点,综合国内外可再生能源项目的融资现状,提出了适合上海聚禾生物质发电项目融资的方案,为我国生物质发电项目的融资奠定了理论基础,提供了科学合理的现实方案,对同类项目融资理论性和可操作性有重要的借鉴作用,这也是本文的写作宗旨所在。
本文采用理论与实践相结合的方法。全文共分六个部分,第一部分是导论;第二部分重点分析了目前国内外生物质能项目的投融资现状;第三部分从宏观和微观两个方面分析上海聚禾生物质发电项目的融资环境;第四部分通过对生物质发电项目融资特点及融资原则分析,设计出多条融资路径,并分析评价出最优的融资组合;第五部分提出了实施融资设计方案的保障措施;第六部分是结论。
With the rapid development of the China economy, the demand for electricity has increased significantly. Therefore, satisfying this demand has become a more challenging subject day by day. The State Grid promised 8 services to the public in year 2007, one of which is to generate clean power, or more specifically, to provide 1.06 billion KWh "green power" to the public society. To fulfill this commitment, biomass power plants projects in China are speeding up completely.
Developing renewable energy also has strategic significance in China's commitment to the world carbon emission and in the restructuring China's economic structure.Currently, only 0.5% of the total installed capacity of renewable energy in China attributes to biomass power energy generation, which is significantly lower than the world average of 25%. Therefore, China still have great scope for development on biomass power energy generation. According to the eleven's Five-Year Plan, China is going to achieve the installed capacity of 5.5 million KWh for power production from biomass in year 2010. According to the Mid to Long Term Renewable Energy Development Plan, China is going to achieve the installed capacity of 30 million KWh for power production from biomass in year 2020. All these proves that power production from biomass, as a significant player in renewable energy, has great potential in China.
However, due to the restrictions of the current economic environment in China, funding is a major challenge for biomass power plants projects. After an in-depth study of various factors of funding sources and the funding structure of domestic and international renewable energy projects, the author provides in this paper a funding plan for the Shanghai Juhe Biomass Power Generation Project. The paper provides theoretical reference and practical implementation details to the fund raising for the China biomass power generation industry, and is also a valuable reference for similar projects.
The paper covers both theories and practice in its six sections. Section One is an overall introduction; Section Two provides an in-depth analysis of the funding status of domestic and international biomass power generation industry; Section Three analyses the financial environment for the Shanghai Juhe Biomass Power Generation Project from both the macro and micro perspective; Section Four summarizes the various funding plans for the Shanghai Juhe Biomass Power Generation Project through analysing the available options; Section Five provides constructive suggestions regarding how to improve the funding structure of the biomass power generation industry in China; Section 6 is an overall summary.
引文
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