面向异构目标平台的MDA研究与实现
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摘要
模型驱动架构(MDA)是对象管理组织(OMG)提出的一种新的软件开发框架。与传统软件开发不同,MDA以模型为中心,使用模型来指导系统的设计、开发和维护。它将模型和实现技术分离,降低了软件开发的难度,提高了软件开发的效率。
随着信息技术的发展和社会信息化程度的提高,信息系统的应用种类越来越多,应用环境也越来越复杂,对不同平台之间的互操作能力的要求也越来越高。结合SOA的思想,本文设计实现了面向目标异构平台的MDA系统,它能较好地实现这种复杂应用环境下的系统开发。
本文从分析MDA的基本理论入手,研究了MDA中的建模技术和模型转换技术。在此基础上,针对电子政务应用,本文主要研究了以下三方面的内容:
首先,本文研究了基于目标操作化的业务建模技术,分析了零码Portal平台中业务目标的PIM模型,并定义了PIM元模型中的基本元素。
其次,本文根据电子政务领域的特点提出了基于异构平台的目标应用系统体系结构,给出了面向异构目标平台的PSM组件模型。
最后,本文提出了面向异构目标平台的MDA平台的系统框架,给出了该平台中模型转换模块、桥接器模块和应用集成模块的设计与实现,并研究了模型与代码的同步机制。
Model Driven Architecture (MDA) is a new software development framework proposed by the Object Management Group (OMG). Different from the traditional software development, MDA is model-centric, using the model to guide system design, development and maintenance. It makes model separated from implementation technology, which reduces the difficulty of software development and improves the efficiency of software development.
With the development of information technology and a higher level of social information, information systems have more and more types of applications, application environments are increasingly complex, and between the different platforms, interoperability requirements are getting higher and higher. Combination of the SOA thought, this paper designs and implements a system of heterogeneous target platform oriented MDA, which can better achieve development of application systems in this complex environment.
This paper analyzes the basic theory of MDA as beginning and further studies the modeling and model conversion technologies in MDA. On this basis, for e-government applications, this paper researches the content of following three aspects:
First of all, this paper studies the goal operationalization based business modeling techniques, analyzes the PIM of business objectivesin the zero-code Portal platform, and defines the basic elements in the PIM meta-model elements. Secondly, according to the characteristics of the field of e-government, this paper proposes a based on heterogeneous platforms target application system architecture, and analyzes the PSM component model for heterogeneous target platform.
Finally, this paper presents a system framework of heterogeneous target platform-oriented MDA. And then, this paper designed and implemented the model conversion module, bridge module, application integration module of the platform and analyzed the mechanism of model and code synchronization.
随着信息技术的发展和社会信息化程度的提高,信息系统的应用种类越来越多,应用环境也越来越复杂,对不同平台之间的互操作能力的要求也越来越高。结合SOA的思想,本文设计实现了面向目标异构平台的MDA系统,它能较好地实现这种复杂应用环境下的系统开发。
本文从分析MDA的基本理论入手,研究了MDA中的建模技术和模型转换技术。在此基础上,针对电子政务应用,本文主要研究了以下三方面的内容:
首先,本文研究了基于目标操作化的业务建模技术,分析了零码Portal平台中业务目标的PIM模型,并定义了PIM元模型中的基本元素。
其次,本文根据电子政务领域的特点提出了基于异构平台的目标应用系统体系结构,给出了面向异构目标平台的PSM组件模型。
最后,本文提出了面向异构目标平台的MDA平台的系统框架,给出了该平台中模型转换模块、桥接器模块和应用集成模块的设计与实现,并研究了模型与代码的同步机制。
Model Driven Architecture (MDA) is a new software development framework proposed by the Object Management Group (OMG). Different from the traditional software development, MDA is model-centric, using the model to guide system design, development and maintenance. It makes model separated from implementation technology, which reduces the difficulty of software development and improves the efficiency of software development.
With the development of information technology and a higher level of social information, information systems have more and more types of applications, application environments are increasingly complex, and between the different platforms, interoperability requirements are getting higher and higher. Combination of the SOA thought, this paper designs and implements a system of heterogeneous target platform oriented MDA, which can better achieve development of application systems in this complex environment.
This paper analyzes the basic theory of MDA as beginning and further studies the modeling and model conversion technologies in MDA. On this basis, for e-government applications, this paper researches the content of following three aspects:
First of all, this paper studies the goal operationalization based business modeling techniques, analyzes the PIM of business objectivesin the zero-code Portal platform, and defines the basic elements in the PIM meta-model elements. Secondly, according to the characteristics of the field of e-government, this paper proposes a based on heterogeneous platforms target application system architecture, and analyzes the PSM component model for heterogeneous target platform.
Finally, this paper presents a system framework of heterogeneous target platform-oriented MDA. And then, this paper designed and implemented the model conversion module, bridge module, application integration module of the platform and analyzed the mechanism of model and code synchronization.
引文
[1] MDA Specification Support. http://www.omg.org/mda/specs.htm
[2]杜浩,蒋渡.对象约束语言在MDA模型转换中的应用[J].交通与计算机.2006(1):73-74页
[3] Eclipse Modeling Framework Project. http://www.eclipse.org/modeling/emf/
[4]张康康,赵建华.MDA模型转换工具的研究[J].计算机应用与软件.2009(8):122-124页
[5]罗卫国,卢雷,李增强.MDA面临的困境与发展趋势分析[J].计算机应用与软件.2007(12):95-96页
[6]王麟.新一代的方法学——MDA[J].科技论坛.2005(12):13-14页
[7]宋旭东,王雪萍,刘晓冰.MDA中的模型转换技术综述[J].计算机工程与科学.2009(8):121-127页
[8] Anneke Klepejos Warmer,Wim Bast著.鲍志云译.解析MDA[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2004
[9]周颖,郑国梁,李宣东.基于MDA的UML模型转换:从功能模型到实现模型[J].计算机应用与软件.2005(11):1-4页
[10] David S Frankel著.鲍志云译.应用MDA[M].北京:人民邮电出版社, 2003
[11] Frederick H. Architecture based Acquisition and Development of System. Guidelines and Recommendations from ARPA Domain–Specific Software Architecture Program(R),Ver 1.01,CMU/SEI, 1994
[12]刘楚达,楚旺,刘轶.面向问题域的领域建模方法[J].计算机工程与应用.2003(5):17-20页
[13]孙少波,王忠民.基于构件的领域分析方法与建模研究[J].电子技术应用.2006(2):43-46页
[14]刘辉,麻志毅,邵维忠.元建模技术研究进展[J].软件学报. 2008(6):1317-1325页
[15]陈彬,王智学,李宗勇,陈国.基于三维目标建模的需求分析[J].系统仿真学报.2008(2):67-72页
[16] Tudor Girba, Jean-Marie Favre, Stephane Ducasse. Using Meta-Model Transformation to Model Software Evolution.Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science. 2005(137):57-64P
[17] A. van Lamsweerde, Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour. Invited Paper for RE'01 - 5th IEEE International Symposium on Requirements Engineering. 2001:249-263P
[18] E. Letier, A. van Lamsweerde. Deriving Operational Software Specifications from System Goals. Proceedings FSE'10-10th ACM S1GSOFT Symp. on the Foundations of Software Engineering. 2002P
[19] J. Cabota, E. Teniente.Transformation techniques for OCL constraints. Science of Computer Programming. 2007(68): 179-195
[20]张炜,张广泉.一种面向领域基于XMI的模型映射方法[J].苏州大学学报.2007(6):12-14页
[21] J. Cabota, E. Tenienteb. Transformation techniques for OCL constraints. Science of Computer Programming.2007(68):179-195P
[22] Ricardo Jardim-Goncalves, Antonio Grilo, Adolfo Steiger-Garcao. Challenging the interoperability between computers in industry with MDA and SOA. Computers in Industry. 2006(57):679-689P
[23]于笑丰,胡军,李宣东,郑国梁.面向Web Services的模型驱动开发方法[J].计算机科学.2006(4):260-265页
[24]彭环珂,刘旭东,张文赎.面向领域的软件定制化开发方法研究与应用[J].计算机工程与应用.2005(13):85-87页
[25]张文燚.面向领域的软件生产研究与实现[D].北京航空航天大学博士学位论文.2003:44-50页
[26] Uwe Schindler, Michael Diepenbroek. Generic XML-based framework for metadata portals. Computers & Geosciences.2008(34):1947-1955P
[27]刘红文.浅谈WebService技术[J].福建电脑.2007(3):70-71页
[28]刘宏波,罗锐,王永斌.一种采用RBAC模型的权限体系设计[J].计算机技术与发展.2009(9):154-156页
[29]张哲军,翟育明.基于验证中心的单点登陆模型研究[J].福建电脑.2006(11):105-106页
[30]张德芬,李师贤,古思山.MDA中的模型转换技术综述[J].计算机科学.2006(10):228-230页
[31] Denes Bisztray, Reiko Heckel, Hartmut Ehrigb. Compositionality of Model Transformations.Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science. 2009(236):5-19P
[32] Laszlo Lengyel, Tihamer Levendovszky, Gergely Mezei, Bertalan Forstner, Hassan Charaf. Metamodel-Based Model Transformation with Aspect -Oriented Constraints.Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science. 2009(152):111-123P
[33]王学斌,吴泉源,史殿习.模型驱动架构中的模型转换方法[J].计算机工程与科学.2006(11):133-135页
[34]张天,张岩,于笑丰,王林章,李宣东.基于MDA的设计模式建模与模型转换[J].软件学报.2008(9):2204-2217页
[35] Mika Siikarla, Tarja Systa. Transformational Pattern System -Some Assembly Required.Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science. 2008(211):63-74P
[36]刘辉,麻志毅,邵维忠.模型转换中特性保持的描述与验证[J].软件学报.2006(11):2370-2379页
[37]宋旭东,王雪萍,刘晓冰.基于MDA与Web服务的企业应用集成研究[J].计算机工程与科学.2009(8):121-123页
[2]杜浩,蒋渡.对象约束语言在MDA模型转换中的应用[J].交通与计算机.2006(1):73-74页
[3] Eclipse Modeling Framework Project. http://www.eclipse.org/modeling/emf/
[4]张康康,赵建华.MDA模型转换工具的研究[J].计算机应用与软件.2009(8):122-124页
[5]罗卫国,卢雷,李增强.MDA面临的困境与发展趋势分析[J].计算机应用与软件.2007(12):95-96页
[6]王麟.新一代的方法学——MDA[J].科技论坛.2005(12):13-14页
[7]宋旭东,王雪萍,刘晓冰.MDA中的模型转换技术综述[J].计算机工程与科学.2009(8):121-127页
[8] Anneke Klepejos Warmer,Wim Bast著.鲍志云译.解析MDA[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2004
[9]周颖,郑国梁,李宣东.基于MDA的UML模型转换:从功能模型到实现模型[J].计算机应用与软件.2005(11):1-4页
[10] David S Frankel著.鲍志云译.应用MDA[M].北京:人民邮电出版社, 2003
[11] Frederick H. Architecture based Acquisition and Development of System. Guidelines and Recommendations from ARPA Domain–Specific Software Architecture Program(R),Ver 1.01,CMU/SEI, 1994
[12]刘楚达,楚旺,刘轶.面向问题域的领域建模方法[J].计算机工程与应用.2003(5):17-20页
[13]孙少波,王忠民.基于构件的领域分析方法与建模研究[J].电子技术应用.2006(2):43-46页
[14]刘辉,麻志毅,邵维忠.元建模技术研究进展[J].软件学报. 2008(6):1317-1325页
[15]陈彬,王智学,李宗勇,陈国.基于三维目标建模的需求分析[J].系统仿真学报.2008(2):67-72页
[16] Tudor Girba, Jean-Marie Favre, Stephane Ducasse. Using Meta-Model Transformation to Model Software Evolution.Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science. 2005(137):57-64P
[17] A. van Lamsweerde, Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering: A Guided Tour. Invited Paper for RE'01 - 5th IEEE International Symposium on Requirements Engineering. 2001:249-263P
[18] E. Letier, A. van Lamsweerde. Deriving Operational Software Specifications from System Goals. Proceedings FSE'10-10th ACM S1GSOFT Symp. on the Foundations of Software Engineering. 2002P
[19] J. Cabota, E. Teniente.Transformation techniques for OCL constraints. Science of Computer Programming. 2007(68): 179-195
[20]张炜,张广泉.一种面向领域基于XMI的模型映射方法[J].苏州大学学报.2007(6):12-14页
[21] J. Cabota, E. Tenienteb. Transformation techniques for OCL constraints. Science of Computer Programming.2007(68):179-195P
[22] Ricardo Jardim-Goncalves, Antonio Grilo, Adolfo Steiger-Garcao. Challenging the interoperability between computers in industry with MDA and SOA. Computers in Industry. 2006(57):679-689P
[23]于笑丰,胡军,李宣东,郑国梁.面向Web Services的模型驱动开发方法[J].计算机科学.2006(4):260-265页
[24]彭环珂,刘旭东,张文赎.面向领域的软件定制化开发方法研究与应用[J].计算机工程与应用.2005(13):85-87页
[25]张文燚.面向领域的软件生产研究与实现[D].北京航空航天大学博士学位论文.2003:44-50页
[26] Uwe Schindler, Michael Diepenbroek. Generic XML-based framework for metadata portals. Computers & Geosciences.2008(34):1947-1955P
[27]刘红文.浅谈WebService技术[J].福建电脑.2007(3):70-71页
[28]刘宏波,罗锐,王永斌.一种采用RBAC模型的权限体系设计[J].计算机技术与发展.2009(9):154-156页
[29]张哲军,翟育明.基于验证中心的单点登陆模型研究[J].福建电脑.2006(11):105-106页
[30]张德芬,李师贤,古思山.MDA中的模型转换技术综述[J].计算机科学.2006(10):228-230页
[31] Denes Bisztray, Reiko Heckel, Hartmut Ehrigb. Compositionality of Model Transformations.Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science. 2009(236):5-19P
[32] Laszlo Lengyel, Tihamer Levendovszky, Gergely Mezei, Bertalan Forstner, Hassan Charaf. Metamodel-Based Model Transformation with Aspect -Oriented Constraints.Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science. 2009(152):111-123P
[33]王学斌,吴泉源,史殿习.模型驱动架构中的模型转换方法[J].计算机工程与科学.2006(11):133-135页
[34]张天,张岩,于笑丰,王林章,李宣东.基于MDA的设计模式建模与模型转换[J].软件学报.2008(9):2204-2217页
[35] Mika Siikarla, Tarja Systa. Transformational Pattern System -Some Assembly Required.Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science. 2008(211):63-74P
[36]刘辉,麻志毅,邵维忠.模型转换中特性保持的描述与验证[J].软件学报.2006(11):2370-2379页
[37]宋旭东,王雪萍,刘晓冰.基于MDA与Web服务的企业应用集成研究[J].计算机工程与科学.2009(8):121-123页