甜瓜耐冷（湿）性鉴定指标及耐冷（湿）性材料的筛选
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摘要
甜瓜(Cucumis melon L.)起源于非洲，是世界十大水果之一。甜瓜性喜温暖气候，在我国东部地区早春种植时，常会受到低温、阴雨的不良影响，因此开展甜瓜耐冷性和耐湿性研究显得十分必要。由于甜瓜的区域性较强，有关这方面的研究还少有问津。本文通过对甜瓜耐冷(湿)性鉴定指标的筛选，旨在利用它们提高甜瓜材料及品种的鉴定和筛选的效率，为抗逆育种和生产服务。
本实验以10个不同类型的甜瓜品种为材料，研究了7种不同的耐冷性、4种耐湿性生理生化指标及指标间的相关性，从中筛选出简单、快速、有效的指标各3种，并利用它们对25份甜瓜材料进行了耐冷(湿)性鉴定。具体研究结果摘要如下：
1、耐冷性研究：
(1)不同温度对甜瓜种子发芽力有影响。18℃时发芽指数和活力指数均可用来鉴定甜瓜种子的耐冷性，但活力指数更加准确、可靠，而发芽率不能用来鉴定甜瓜种子的耐冷性。
(2)人工模拟气候条件下的冷害指数与品种的耐冷性呈极显著负相关，且品种间有一定差异。该方法简单易操作，可作为快速鉴定甜瓜苗期耐冷性参考指标。
(3)利用电导法测定了甜瓜幼苗叶片电导百分率。7℃时的电导百分率与品种的耐冷性呈极显著负相关，且品种间差异十分明显，因而能较好地鉴定甜瓜苗期的耐冷性强弱。
(4)不同低温对甜瓜幼苗可溶性糖含量有影响。7℃条件下可溶性糖的含量与品种的耐冷性呈极显著的正相关，且品种间有一定差异，耐冷性强的品种可溶性糖的含量增加幅度要大于耐冷性弱的品种。7℃时的甜瓜幼苗叶片可溶性糖的含量大小可代表品种耐冷性强弱。
(5)不同低温对甜瓜幼苗脯氨酸含量有影响。18℃时不同品种脯氨酸含量存在着差异，这种差异表现在与品种的耐冷性呈极显著的正相关，但品种间差异不明显。耐冷性强的品种容易受低温诱导。7℃低温处理后，从各品种的脯氨酸的含量和含量的变化即可看出品种的耐冷性强弱。
︸燃馋梢门。才洛并，宾噢︸-"侧麟雌惬一减烤一·
，气几俨·
((，)下叮J公::气犬“}}]氏幼一、’I’膜J诣过今L化刀I保护酶系统变化有形一11;」。随温度降低，l，()I)
月一，M DA含l，赴幼大。POD活性变化及MDA含量的变化均与品种耐冷性呈
:，泛著负书!关。7℃卜MDA的含量与品种的耐冷性呈极显著负相关，且品种问差异明
::‘笔。耐冷性强的:}产:种活性较高，活性变化小，MD人含量少。可用PoD活性的变化
f!!八一)八含}‘七鉴定不同舌!l瓜品种的耐冷书L。
(7)L匕较r7种耐冷性指标间的打!关性，从，}“筛选出3种耐冷指标(活力指数、
冷林衬旨数、电导百分率)，并对25份甜瓜材料进行了耐冷性鉴定，通过耐冷性隶属
在〔和聚类分析，从中筛选出了14份耐冷性强的材料。
2.耐湿书!三研究:
〕:八””八的‘爹量在不同品“’间存在’刃显差异，侮两种‘旨标间的相关性均达极显著水
冷砂一‘，乙·4种{晰除不定根数·与品种的耐湿性极显著正相关外，其余’种指标均与品利’
(l)在淹水处理3d后，舌}l瓜幼苗的萎蔫指数、从部不定根数、电导百分率及
呈负相关。4种指标均可鉴定出甜瓜品种的耐湿性强弱。
(2)利用萎蔫指数、不定根数、电导l万分率3种指标对25份甜瓜材料进行了耐
挡l旦性鉴定，通过耐湿性隶属仇分析，从，}，筛选出了8份耐湿性强的材料。
Melon (Cucumis melon L.) that originated in Africa is one of ten main fruits in the world. As growing in warm climate, it is usually subject to chilling, overcast and rainy weather damage when cultivated in early spring at east areas of our country. Therefore, studies on chilling and humidity tolerance of melon are extremely necessary. However, few study nobody has been done owing to the strict region of melon. By screening the appraisal indices of chilling (humidity) tolerance in melon, we can use them to enhance the efficiency of identifying and screening materials and cultivars, to serve the adversity-resistance breeding and production.
Seven different biochemical and physiological indices of chilling tolerance and their correlations were studied using ten different melon cultivars, so did four different indices of humidity tolerance. As a result of which three simple, fast and useful indices had been screened respectively, chilling (humidity) tolerance of which twenty- five melon materials was then used to in vestige. The main results as follows:
1 .studies on chilling tolerance:
(1) Different temperature has effect on seed germination was studied. The chilling tolerance appraisal of melon seed could be used germination index and vigor index at 18 , but the latter was more correct and liable, whereas germination percentage could not be used to identify chilling tolerance of seed.
(2) The chilling index of controlled low temperature conditions has significant negative correlation chilling tolerance of cultivars, and there was difference in different cultivars As the method was simple and easy to operate, the method could be used to fast method of appraising chilling tolerance of melon at seedling stage.
(3) Electric conductivity percentage (ECP) of melon leaves was determined using electric conductivity. Significant negative correlation was observed between chilling tolerance and ECP, and the difference was obvious among them. So the ECP at 7 could appraise the chilling tolerance of melon at seedlings stage.
(4) Different low temperatures has effect on soluble sugar content of melon seedling was studied, significant positive correlation was observed between the content of soluble sugar (COSS) and chilling tolerance of cultivars, and there was certain difference among them. The COSS in the cultivars more tolerant to chilling was higher than the less ones. So
the chilling tolerance of cultivars could be represented by the COSS in melon leaves at 7 .
(5) Different low temperature has effect on the content of PRO in melon seedlings was studied. There was different PRO content in different melon cultivars at 18 , and the difference had significant positive correlation with the chilling tolerance of cultivars, but it was not obvious among cultivars. The cultivars with strong tolerance to chilling were easily induced by low temperature. The PRO content and its change of cultivars could represent the chilling tolerance at 7 .
(6) The effect of low temperature on membrane lipid peroxidation and protective enzyme system of melon was studied. With the decrease in temperature, the POD activity and MDA content were increased. The change of POD activity and MDA contents had significant negative correlation with chilling tolerance of cultivars, and the difference was abvious among them. The cultivars with strong tolerance to chilling had higher activities, less MDA content and less activities change. So it was feasible to appraise chilling tolerance of different cultivars using the changes of POD activities and MDA contents.
(7) The correlation of seven chilling tolerance indices were compared, vigor index, chilling index and ECP were used to appraise twenty-five melon materials, among which 14 materials with strong tolerance to chilling had been screened by subordinate number function values of chilling tolerance and cluster analysis.
2.studies on humidity tolerance: (1)After three days flooding treatment the withering index, number of basic adventitious roots, ECP and MDA content
本实验以10个不同类型的甜瓜品种为材料，研究了7种不同的耐冷性、4种耐湿性生理生化指标及指标间的相关性，从中筛选出简单、快速、有效的指标各3种，并利用它们对25份甜瓜材料进行了耐冷(湿)性鉴定。具体研究结果摘要如下：
1、耐冷性研究：
(1)不同温度对甜瓜种子发芽力有影响。18℃时发芽指数和活力指数均可用来鉴定甜瓜种子的耐冷性，但活力指数更加准确、可靠，而发芽率不能用来鉴定甜瓜种子的耐冷性。
(2)人工模拟气候条件下的冷害指数与品种的耐冷性呈极显著负相关，且品种间有一定差异。该方法简单易操作，可作为快速鉴定甜瓜苗期耐冷性参考指标。
(3)利用电导法测定了甜瓜幼苗叶片电导百分率。7℃时的电导百分率与品种的耐冷性呈极显著负相关，且品种间差异十分明显，因而能较好地鉴定甜瓜苗期的耐冷性强弱。
(4)不同低温对甜瓜幼苗可溶性糖含量有影响。7℃条件下可溶性糖的含量与品种的耐冷性呈极显著的正相关，且品种间有一定差异，耐冷性强的品种可溶性糖的含量增加幅度要大于耐冷性弱的品种。7℃时的甜瓜幼苗叶片可溶性糖的含量大小可代表品种耐冷性强弱。
(5)不同低温对甜瓜幼苗脯氨酸含量有影响。18℃时不同品种脯氨酸含量存在着差异，这种差异表现在与品种的耐冷性呈极显著的正相关，但品种间差异不明显。耐冷性强的品种容易受低温诱导。7℃低温处理后，从各品种的脯氨酸的含量和含量的变化即可看出品种的耐冷性强弱。
︸燃馋梢门。才洛并，宾噢︸-"侧麟雌惬一减烤一·
，气几俨·
((，)下叮J公::气犬“}}]氏幼一、’I’膜J诣过今L化刀I保护酶系统变化有形一11;」。随温度降低，l，()I)
月一，M DA含l，赴幼大。POD活性变化及MDA含量的变化均与品种耐冷性呈
:，泛著负书!关。7℃卜MDA的含量与品种的耐冷性呈极显著负相关，且品种问差异明
::‘笔。耐冷性强的:}产:种活性较高，活性变化小，MD人含量少。可用PoD活性的变化
f!!八一)八含}‘七鉴定不同舌!l瓜品种的耐冷书L。
(7)L匕较r7种耐冷性指标间的打!关性，从，}“筛选出3种耐冷指标(活力指数、
冷林衬旨数、电导百分率)，并对25份甜瓜材料进行了耐冷性鉴定，通过耐冷性隶属
在〔和聚类分析，从中筛选出了14份耐冷性强的材料。
2.耐湿书!三研究:
〕:八””八的‘爹量在不同品“’间存在’刃显差异，侮两种‘旨标间的相关性均达极显著水
冷砂一‘，乙·4种{晰除不定根数·与品种的耐湿性极显著正相关外，其余’种指标均与品利’
(l)在淹水处理3d后，舌}l瓜幼苗的萎蔫指数、从部不定根数、电导百分率及
呈负相关。4种指标均可鉴定出甜瓜品种的耐湿性强弱。
(2)利用萎蔫指数、不定根数、电导l万分率3种指标对25份甜瓜材料进行了耐
挡l旦性鉴定，通过耐湿性隶属仇分析，从，}，筛选出了8份耐湿性强的材料。
Melon (Cucumis melon L.) that originated in Africa is one of ten main fruits in the world. As growing in warm climate, it is usually subject to chilling, overcast and rainy weather damage when cultivated in early spring at east areas of our country. Therefore, studies on chilling and humidity tolerance of melon are extremely necessary. However, few study nobody has been done owing to the strict region of melon. By screening the appraisal indices of chilling (humidity) tolerance in melon, we can use them to enhance the efficiency of identifying and screening materials and cultivars, to serve the adversity-resistance breeding and production.
Seven different biochemical and physiological indices of chilling tolerance and their correlations were studied using ten different melon cultivars, so did four different indices of humidity tolerance. As a result of which three simple, fast and useful indices had been screened respectively, chilling (humidity) tolerance of which twenty- five melon materials was then used to in vestige. The main results as follows:
1 .studies on chilling tolerance:
(1) Different temperature has effect on seed germination was studied. The chilling tolerance appraisal of melon seed could be used germination index and vigor index at 18 , but the latter was more correct and liable, whereas germination percentage could not be used to identify chilling tolerance of seed.
(2) The chilling index of controlled low temperature conditions has significant negative correlation chilling tolerance of cultivars, and there was difference in different cultivars As the method was simple and easy to operate, the method could be used to fast method of appraising chilling tolerance of melon at seedling stage.
(3) Electric conductivity percentage (ECP) of melon leaves was determined using electric conductivity. Significant negative correlation was observed between chilling tolerance and ECP, and the difference was obvious among them. So the ECP at 7 could appraise the chilling tolerance of melon at seedlings stage.
(4) Different low temperatures has effect on soluble sugar content of melon seedling was studied, significant positive correlation was observed between the content of soluble sugar (COSS) and chilling tolerance of cultivars, and there was certain difference among them. The COSS in the cultivars more tolerant to chilling was higher than the less ones. So
the chilling tolerance of cultivars could be represented by the COSS in melon leaves at 7 .
(5) Different low temperature has effect on the content of PRO in melon seedlings was studied. There was different PRO content in different melon cultivars at 18 , and the difference had significant positive correlation with the chilling tolerance of cultivars, but it was not obvious among cultivars. The cultivars with strong tolerance to chilling were easily induced by low temperature. The PRO content and its change of cultivars could represent the chilling tolerance at 7 .
(6) The effect of low temperature on membrane lipid peroxidation and protective enzyme system of melon was studied. With the decrease in temperature, the POD activity and MDA content were increased. The change of POD activity and MDA contents had significant negative correlation with chilling tolerance of cultivars, and the difference was abvious among them. The cultivars with strong tolerance to chilling had higher activities, less MDA content and less activities change. So it was feasible to appraise chilling tolerance of different cultivars using the changes of POD activities and MDA contents.
(7) The correlation of seven chilling tolerance indices were compared, vigor index, chilling index and ECP were used to appraise twenty-five melon materials, among which 14 materials with strong tolerance to chilling had been screened by subordinate number function values of chilling tolerance and cluster analysis.
2.studies on humidity tolerance: (1)After three days flooding treatment the withering index, number of basic adventitious roots, ECP and MDA content
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44．王以柔，刘鸿先，李平等．在光照和黑暗条件下低温对水稻幼苗光合器官膜脂过氧化作用的影响．植物生理学报，1998，12(3)：244～251
45．李晓萍，郭俊彦．黄瓜幼苗发育及冷锻炼过程中子叶中的多肽变化．植物学报，1993，35(10)1 766～771
46. Meza-Basso L, Alberdi M. Raynal M, et al. Changes in protein synthesis in rapeseed seedlings during a low temperature treatment. Plant Physiol, 1986, 82:733～738
47. Murata N, Ishizaki-Nishizawa O, Higashi S, et al. Genetically engineered alteration in the chilling sensitivity of plants, Nature, 1992, 356(23):710～713
48. Hightower R, Baden C, Penzes E, et al. Expression of antifreeze proteins in transgenic plants. Plant Mol Bid, 1991, 17:1013～1021
49. Georges F, Saleem M, Cutler A J. Design and cloning of a synthetic gene for the flounder antifreeze protein and its expression in plant cells. Gene, 1990, 91:159～169
50．许勇，欧阳新星，张海英等．与西瓜野生种质耐冷性连锁的RAPD标记[J]．园艺学报，1998，(6)：718～719
51．汤章成．逆境条件下植物脯氨数利累积及其可能的意义．植物生理学通讯．1984，(1)：15～21
52．汤章成．水分胁迫的高粱幼苗内游离脯氨酸的积累及其作用．植物生理学报，1989，14(1)：105～110
53．郭绍川，刘玲玉．脯氨酸含量在作物低温锻炼中的变化及同抗寒性的关系．西北植物研究，1984，4(1)：45～50
54．陈翠连，马平福．抗冷性不同的小麦、水稻品种脯氨酸含量的比较试验．华中农业大学学报，1998，8(2)：176～179
55．孙中海．柑桔抗寒性的生理生化指标研究．[博士学位论文]．武汉，华中农业大学，1988
56．高煜珠．对瑞典植物生理学科的专业考察报告．植物生理学通讯，1987，(1)：53
57. Yelenosky G. Cold hardening "Valecia" orange trees to tolerate-6.7℃ without injuring. Amer Soc Hort Sci, 1987, 103:1449～452
58. Yelenosky G. Accumulation of free proline in citrus leares during cold hardening of ycung Trees in countro ued temperature regimes. Plant Physiol, 1979, 64(3):425～427
59．刘祖琪，林定波．植物抗寒分子生物学研究进展．南京农业大学学报．1993．16(1)：113～120
60．刘祖琪，张连华．用放射免疫法分析柑桔抗寒锻炼中游离和结合态脱落酸的变化．园艺学报，1990，17(3)：197～202
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62. Chen H H, Li L H, In: Li PH, Sakai A, (EDS). Plant cold hardiness and freezing stress, Mechanisms and crop implication, vol 2, New Yord: Academy Press, 1982, 5～22
63. Guerrero F, Mullet J E. Increased abscisic acid biosynthesis during plant dehydration requires transcription. Plant physiol, 1986～591
64. Vernieri p, Tognoni F. Endogenos ABA, PA and DPA levers in chilled tomato sccdings. Acta Hort, 1988, 229:415～419
65. Boussiba S, Rikin A, Richmond A E. The role ofabscisic acid in cross-adaptation of tobacco plants. Physiol, 1975, 56:337～339
66. Chen T H H and Gusta L V. Abscisic acid-induced freezing resistance in cultured plant cells. Plant physiol, 1983, 73:71～75
67. Lafuente M T. Effect of temperature conditioning on chilling injury of cucumber cotyledons, plant physiol, 1991, 95(2):443-449
68．王建华，刘鸿先，徐同等．超氧化物歧化酶在植物逆境衰老生理中的作用．植物生理通讯，1989，(1)：1～7
69．许勇，王永健．黄瓜耐低温研究中的几个问题的讨论．见中国科协第二届青年学术年会园艺学论文集．北京：农业大学出版社，1994，439～444
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72．沈秀瑛．干旱对玉米叶中超氧物岐化酶和过氧化酶活性的影响．沈阳农业大学学报，1992，23(4)：302～307
73．陈贻竹，B·帕特森．低温对植物叶片中超氧化物岐化酶，过氧化氢和过氧化氢水平的影响．植物生理学报，1985．(11)：48～57
74．沈文云，侯峰，吕淑珍．低温对杂交一代黄瓜幼苗生理持性的影响．华北农学报，1995，10(1)：56—59
75．刘鸿先，曾韶西，李平等．零上低温对不同抗冷力的亚热带植物过氧化物酶与酯酶的影响．植物生理学报，1981，7(4)：337～343
76．曾韶西，王以柔，刘鸿先．低温光照下与叶绿素降低有关的酶促反应．植物生理学报，1991．17(2)：177～182
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14．吴党仓，蒋荷，王根米等．水稻种质资源耐冷性鉴定研究．江苏农业科学，1996，(2)：10～12
15．王永健，姜亦巍，曹宛虹等．低温对不同品种黄瓜种子萌发、过氧化物酶及同工酶的响．华北农学报，1995，10(2)：72～76
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21．简令成．生物膜与植物寒害和抗寒性的关系．植物学通报，1983，1(1)17～23
22．简令成．植物抗寒机理研究的新进展．植物生理学报，1992，9(3)：17～22
23．张伟春，何明．王丽娜．我国茄子砧木及嫁接栽培研究进展．辽宁农业科学，1998，(6)：30～32
24．邹志荣，陆帼一．低温对辣椒幼苗膜脂过氧化和保护酶系统变化的影响．西北农业学报 1994，3(3)：51～56
25．边静，胡迎雪．青椒耐低温弱光鉴定的初步研究．辽宁农业科学，1994，(4)：37～40
26．许启新，陆世钧，余纪柱．黄瓜品种抗寒性的生理鉴定．上海蔬菜，1995，28～29
27．高述民，周燕．温度胁迫处理测定黄瓜幼苗的抗性．新疆农业科学，1993，(3)：123～125
28．顾增辉，宋剑陶．大豆抗冷性生理生化指标的筛选．中国农业科学，1992，25(4)：15～23
29．宋良图，宋国良，陶汉之．电导法测定甘蓝型油菜抗寒性的初步研究，安徽农业科学，1991，(1)：46～51
30．朱月林，曹寿椿．不结球白菜抗冷性鉴定及其相关性状的研究．园艺学报，1989，16(2)：127～131
31. Pall R E, Temperature-induced leakage from chilling-sensitive and chilling-resistance plants. Plant Physiol, 1981, 68:149～156
32．侯峰，沈文云，吕淑珍．黄瓜幼苗耐寒性鉴定方法的研究．见：李树德，中国主要蔬菜抗病育种进展．北京：科学出版社，1994，474～477
33．王洪春．植物抗逆性与生物膜结构功能研究进展．植物生理通讯，1983，(1)：60～64
34．邓令毅．葡萄的膜脂和脂肪酸组分与抗寒性关系的研究．植物生理学报，1982．8(3)：273～283
35．汤佩松，戴云玲，梁演初．氰化氢对木薯块根含氰化物组织的耗氧及P~(32)吸收的影响．植物学报，1966，4(1)：34-40
36. Clarkson D T, Hall K C, Robarts J K M. Phospholipid composition and fatty acid, desaturation in the roots of rye during acclimatization of low temperature. Planta, 1980, 149:464～471
37. Markhart Ⅲ A H. Chilling injury: a review of possible causes. 1986, 21(6):1329～1333
38．刘祖琪，张石城．植物抗性生理学．北京：中国农业出版社，1994．43～44
39．张爱民，孙其信．有关小麦抗寒生理的研究概况．国外农学—麦类作物，1985，6：32～35
40．王孝宣．李树德，东惠茹等．蕃茄品种耐寒性与ABA和可溶性糖含量的关系，园艺学报，1998，(4)：1～2
41．孙孟健，李本湘．植物耐寒性及防寒技术．北京：学术书刊出版社，1989，93～159
42. Chen H H, Li H P. Biochemical changes in tuber-bearing solanum species in relation to frost hardiness during cold acclimation. Plant Physiol, 1980, 66:414～421
43．刘鸿先，曾韶西，王以柔等．低温对不同耐寒力的黄瓜幼苗子叶各细胞器中超氧植物歧化酶SOD的影响．植物生理学报，1985，11(1)：48～35
44．王以柔，刘鸿先，李平等．在光照和黑暗条件下低温对水稻幼苗光合器官膜脂过氧化作用的影响．植物生理学报，1998，12(3)：244～251
45．李晓萍，郭俊彦．黄瓜幼苗发育及冷锻炼过程中子叶中的多肽变化．植物学报，1993，35(10)1 766～771
46. Meza-Basso L, Alberdi M. Raynal M, et al. Changes in protein synthesis in rapeseed seedlings during a low temperature treatment. Plant Physiol, 1986, 82:733～738
47. Murata N, Ishizaki-Nishizawa O, Higashi S, et al. Genetically engineered alteration in the chilling sensitivity of plants, Nature, 1992, 356(23):710～713
48. Hightower R, Baden C, Penzes E, et al. Expression of antifreeze proteins in transgenic plants. Plant Mol Bid, 1991, 17:1013～1021
49. Georges F, Saleem M, Cutler A J. Design and cloning of a synthetic gene for the flounder antifreeze protein and its expression in plant cells. Gene, 1990, 91:159～169
50．许勇，欧阳新星，张海英等．与西瓜野生种质耐冷性连锁的RAPD标记[J]．园艺学报，1998，(6)：718～719
51．汤章成．逆境条件下植物脯氨数利累积及其可能的意义．植物生理学通讯．1984，(1)：15～21
52．汤章成．水分胁迫的高粱幼苗内游离脯氨酸的积累及其作用．植物生理学报，1989，14(1)：105～110
53．郭绍川，刘玲玉．脯氨酸含量在作物低温锻炼中的变化及同抗寒性的关系．西北植物研究，1984，4(1)：45～50
54．陈翠连，马平福．抗冷性不同的小麦、水稻品种脯氨酸含量的比较试验．华中农业大学学报，1998，8(2)：176～179
55．孙中海．柑桔抗寒性的生理生化指标研究．[博士学位论文]．武汉，华中农业大学，1988
56．高煜珠．对瑞典植物生理学科的专业考察报告．植物生理学通讯，1987，(1)：53
57. Yelenosky G. Cold hardening "Valecia" orange trees to tolerate-6.7℃ without injuring. Amer Soc Hort Sci, 1987, 103:1449～452
58. Yelenosky G. Accumulation of free proline in citrus leares during cold hardening of ycung Trees in countro ued temperature regimes. Plant Physiol, 1979, 64(3):425～427
59．刘祖琪，林定波．植物抗寒分子生物学研究进展．南京农业大学学报．1993．16(1)：113～120
60．刘祖琪，张连华．用放射免疫法分析柑桔抗寒锻炼中游离和结合态脱落酸的变化．园艺学报，1990，17(3)：197～202
61. Chen H H, Li P H, Brenner ML. Involvement of abscisic acid in patao cold acclimation. Plant Physi, ol, 1983, 71:362～365
62. Chen H H, Li L H, In: Li PH, Sakai A, (EDS). Plant cold hardiness and freezing stress, Mechanisms and crop implication, vol 2, New Yord: Academy Press, 1982, 5～22
63. Guerrero F, Mullet J E. Increased abscisic acid biosynthesis during plant dehydration requires transcription. Plant physiol, 1986～591
64. Vernieri p, Tognoni F. Endogenos ABA, PA and DPA levers in chilled tomato sccdings. Acta Hort, 1988, 229:415～419
65. Boussiba S, Rikin A, Richmond A E. The role ofabscisic acid in cross-adaptation of tobacco plants. Physiol, 1975, 56:337～339
66. Chen T H H and Gusta L V. Abscisic acid-induced freezing resistance in cultured plant cells. Plant physiol, 1983, 73:71～75
67. Lafuente M T. Effect of temperature conditioning on chilling injury of cucumber cotyledons, plant physiol, 1991, 95(2):443-449
68．王建华，刘鸿先，徐同等．超氧化物歧化酶在植物逆境衰老生理中的作用．植物生理通讯，1989，(1)：1～7
69．许勇，王永健．黄瓜耐低温研究中的几个问题的讨论．见中国科协第二届青年学术年会园艺学论文集．北京：农业大学出版社，1994，439～444
70. Heath RL, Packer L. Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplasts Ⅰ、Kinetics and stoichio merry of fatty acid peroxidation [J]. Arch Biochem Biophy, 1968, 125;189～198
71．林芝芳．水稻叶片的衰老与超氧物歧化酶活性及脂质过氧化作用的关系．植物学报，1984，26(6)：605～615
72．沈秀瑛．干旱对玉米叶中超氧物岐化酶和过氧化酶活性的影响．沈阳农业大学学报，1992，23(4)：302～307
73．陈贻竹，B·帕特森．低温对植物叶片中超氧化物岐化酶，过氧化氢和过氧化氢水平的影响．植物生理学报，1985．(11)：48～57
74．沈文云，侯峰，吕淑珍．低温对杂交一代黄瓜幼苗生理持性的影响．华北农学报，1995，10(1)：56—59
75．刘鸿先，曾韶西，李平等．零上低温对不同抗冷力的亚热带植物过氧化物酶与酯酶的影响．植物生理学报，1981，7(4)：337～343
76．曾韶西，王以柔，刘鸿先．低温光照下与叶绿素降低有关的酶促反应．植物生理学报，1991．17(2)：177～182
77. Jackson M B.et al. Effects of appling ethylene to the root system of Zea mays on growth and natrient concentration in related to flooding tolerance. Physio, Plant, 1981, 52:23～28
78．徐志豪等．改善水培作物根系氧气供给的原理与实践．浙江农业学报，1994．6(1)：44—48
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