农户参与耕地保护行为及影响因素研究
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摘要
人口众多、耕地短缺是中国的基本国情。随着城市化、工业化进程快速推进,坚守18亿亩耕地红线不仅是国家粮食安全的重要基础,也是社会经济可持续发展的重要保障。但是,社会经济可持续发展不仅要求耕地数量上的保证,同时必须在质量上有所保证,只有具备一定质量的数量才是可靠的保障。耕地保护的必要条件是坚守18亿亩耕地红线,而充分条件是保持并提高耕地质量。只有统筹耕地数量与质量的共同保护,耕地保护国策才能全面、正确地落到实处。农户作为耕地的直接使用者,承担着保护耕地重要任务,是耕地的天然守护者。因此,本文以农户行为为研究切入点,通过对农户参与耕地保护行为研究,剖析影响农户参与耕地保护的内、外部因素,以更好地引导、激励农户行为,确保农户持续、有效地参与耕地保护,有着较为重要的研究意义。
在此背景下,本研究以井研县为例深入分析了农户参与耕地保护行为及影响因素。论文首先在研究耕地保护和农户行为的内涵与理论基础上,以农户调查资料为支撑,分析了井研县农户对耕地保护的认知、判断、意愿以及行为现状；其次,运用二项式Logistic模型对井研县农户参与耕地保护的影响因素进行定量研究,确定影响农户参与耕地保护的主要因素；最后针对于影响井研县农户参与耕地保护的主要因素,提出激励农户参与耕地保护的对策建议。
通过分析,可以归纳和提升出如下主要研究结论：(1)井研县耕地保护形势十分严峻,耕地数量减少的同时,耕地总体质量和耕地生态环境质量较差；(2)新形势下,农户在参与耕地保护的过程中变得越来越理性和现实,他们对耕地保护的态度(体现在认知、判断、意愿)不积极,基本处于被动、消极状态；(3)农户参与耕地保护的行为与其对耕地保护的态度存在一致性；(4)通过二项式Logistic模型分析得出：被调查者年龄、农业从事习惯、家庭从事农业劳动人口数、农业收入占家庭总收入比重、农户耕地总面积、耕地地块数、地区耕地保护工作的满意状况、农村基础设施条件、农资产品市场价格等9个因素对农户参与耕地保护有显著影响。
在以上分析结论的基础上,提出以下对策建议来激励农户参与耕地保护：(1)发展现代农业增加农户农业收入,保障农户参与耕地保护的持续性；(2)多渠道降低农户耕地保护成本,激发农户参与耕地保护的积极性；(3)大力发展农村服务业,为农户参与耕地保护提供劳动力支撑；(4)建立和完善农村社会保障制度,解决农户参与耕地保护的后顾之忧。
A large population and shortage of cultivated land are China's basic national conditions. Along with the rapid progress in the process of urbanization and industrialization, adhering to the cultivated land red line of 18 million mu is not only an important basis for national food security, but also an important guarantee for sustainable socio-economic development. However, the socio-economic sustainable development requires not only a guarantee on the quantity of cultivated land, but also a guarantee on the quality of cultivated land. Only having the certain quality and quantity of cultivated land is a reliable guarantee. Adhering to the cultivated land red line of 18 million mu is the necessary condition for cultivated land protection, while the sufficient condition is to maintain and improve the quality of cultivated land. Only when jointly protecting the quantity and quality of cultivated land, cultivated land protection policy can be fully and correctly implemented. Peasant households, as the direct users of cultivated land, undertake the important task to protect cultivated land. They are the natural protectors of cultivated land. Consequently, this dissertation focuses on the behaviors of the peasant households. Through the study on behaviors of peasant households participating in cultivated land protection, this dissertation analyses the internal and external influencing factors in order to better guide and motivate their behaviors and ensure the effectiveness and sustainability of their participation. This dissertation has more important research significance.
Under this background, this dissertation, choosing Jingyan County as an example, analyses the behaviors of peasant households participating in cultivated land protection and influencing factors in depth. Firstly, this dissertation, based on the connotation and theory of cultivated land protection and behaviors of peasant households, supported by the survey data of peasant households, analyses their cognitions、judgments、desires and behavioral states of cultivated land protection of peasant households. Secondly, this dissertation quantitatively analyses the influencing factors of peasant households participating in cultivated land protection used by logistic model, and ascertains the main influencing factors of them. Finally, the suggestions for inspiring peasant households participating in cultivated land protection are put forward.
After analyzing, the main conclusions are as follows:(1) The cultivated land protection situation of Jingyan County is very serious. The quantity of cultivated land is decreasing, while the overall ecological environment quality of cultivated land are poor; (2)Under the new situation, peasant households are becoming more and more rationally and realistically in participating in cultivated land protection, their attitudes for cultivated land protection (embodied by cognitions、judgments、desires) are not active, basically passive; (3) The behaviors of peasant households participating in cultivated land protection and their attitudes for cultivated land protection have the consistency; (4)The age、the agricultural practice habit、the number of family engaging in agriculture、the proportion of agricultural income accounting for the total household income、the number of cultivated land、the piece of cultivated land、the job satisfaction of area cultivated land protection、the rural infrastructure、the market price of agricultural materials have the significant influences on peasant households participating in cultivated land protection.
Based on these conclusions, the suggestions for inspiring participating in cultivated land protection are put forward:(1) Increasing peasant households'agricultural income by developing of modern agriculture guarantees the continuity of peasant households participating in cultivated land protection;(2) Reducing the cost of peasant households participating in cultivated land protection stimulates the initiative of peasant households participating in cultivated land protection; (3) Developing the rural service provides peasant households which participating in cultivated land protection labor support; (4) Establishing and improving the rural social security system solves the worries of peasant households participating in cultivated land protection.
在此背景下,本研究以井研县为例深入分析了农户参与耕地保护行为及影响因素。论文首先在研究耕地保护和农户行为的内涵与理论基础上,以农户调查资料为支撑,分析了井研县农户对耕地保护的认知、判断、意愿以及行为现状；其次,运用二项式Logistic模型对井研县农户参与耕地保护的影响因素进行定量研究,确定影响农户参与耕地保护的主要因素；最后针对于影响井研县农户参与耕地保护的主要因素,提出激励农户参与耕地保护的对策建议。
通过分析,可以归纳和提升出如下主要研究结论：(1)井研县耕地保护形势十分严峻,耕地数量减少的同时,耕地总体质量和耕地生态环境质量较差；(2)新形势下,农户在参与耕地保护的过程中变得越来越理性和现实,他们对耕地保护的态度(体现在认知、判断、意愿)不积极,基本处于被动、消极状态；(3)农户参与耕地保护的行为与其对耕地保护的态度存在一致性；(4)通过二项式Logistic模型分析得出：被调查者年龄、农业从事习惯、家庭从事农业劳动人口数、农业收入占家庭总收入比重、农户耕地总面积、耕地地块数、地区耕地保护工作的满意状况、农村基础设施条件、农资产品市场价格等9个因素对农户参与耕地保护有显著影响。
在以上分析结论的基础上,提出以下对策建议来激励农户参与耕地保护：(1)发展现代农业增加农户农业收入,保障农户参与耕地保护的持续性；(2)多渠道降低农户耕地保护成本,激发农户参与耕地保护的积极性；(3)大力发展农村服务业,为农户参与耕地保护提供劳动力支撑；(4)建立和完善农村社会保障制度,解决农户参与耕地保护的后顾之忧。
A large population and shortage of cultivated land are China's basic national conditions. Along with the rapid progress in the process of urbanization and industrialization, adhering to the cultivated land red line of 18 million mu is not only an important basis for national food security, but also an important guarantee for sustainable socio-economic development. However, the socio-economic sustainable development requires not only a guarantee on the quantity of cultivated land, but also a guarantee on the quality of cultivated land. Only having the certain quality and quantity of cultivated land is a reliable guarantee. Adhering to the cultivated land red line of 18 million mu is the necessary condition for cultivated land protection, while the sufficient condition is to maintain and improve the quality of cultivated land. Only when jointly protecting the quantity and quality of cultivated land, cultivated land protection policy can be fully and correctly implemented. Peasant households, as the direct users of cultivated land, undertake the important task to protect cultivated land. They are the natural protectors of cultivated land. Consequently, this dissertation focuses on the behaviors of the peasant households. Through the study on behaviors of peasant households participating in cultivated land protection, this dissertation analyses the internal and external influencing factors in order to better guide and motivate their behaviors and ensure the effectiveness and sustainability of their participation. This dissertation has more important research significance.
Under this background, this dissertation, choosing Jingyan County as an example, analyses the behaviors of peasant households participating in cultivated land protection and influencing factors in depth. Firstly, this dissertation, based on the connotation and theory of cultivated land protection and behaviors of peasant households, supported by the survey data of peasant households, analyses their cognitions、judgments、desires and behavioral states of cultivated land protection of peasant households. Secondly, this dissertation quantitatively analyses the influencing factors of peasant households participating in cultivated land protection used by logistic model, and ascertains the main influencing factors of them. Finally, the suggestions for inspiring peasant households participating in cultivated land protection are put forward.
After analyzing, the main conclusions are as follows:(1) The cultivated land protection situation of Jingyan County is very serious. The quantity of cultivated land is decreasing, while the overall ecological environment quality of cultivated land are poor; (2)Under the new situation, peasant households are becoming more and more rationally and realistically in participating in cultivated land protection, their attitudes for cultivated land protection (embodied by cognitions、judgments、desires) are not active, basically passive; (3) The behaviors of peasant households participating in cultivated land protection and their attitudes for cultivated land protection have the consistency; (4)The age、the agricultural practice habit、the number of family engaging in agriculture、the proportion of agricultural income accounting for the total household income、the number of cultivated land、the piece of cultivated land、the job satisfaction of area cultivated land protection、the rural infrastructure、the market price of agricultural materials have the significant influences on peasant households participating in cultivated land protection.
Based on these conclusions, the suggestions for inspiring participating in cultivated land protection are put forward:(1) Increasing peasant households'agricultural income by developing of modern agriculture guarantees the continuity of peasant households participating in cultivated land protection;(2) Reducing the cost of peasant households participating in cultivated land protection stimulates the initiative of peasant households participating in cultivated land protection; (3) Developing the rural service provides peasant households which participating in cultivated land protection labor support; (4) Establishing and improving the rural social security system solves the worries of peasant households participating in cultivated land protection.
引文
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