四川地区耳聋儿童的调查研究
摘要
目的 对聋儿可能存在的危险因素进行回顾性的调查，以求对本地区聋儿的情况建立初步的认识。寻找防治耳聋发生的更好的途径。方法 采用问卷调查的方式对82例聋儿可能存在的危险因素进行回顾性的调查，并对较常见的一些因素进行多因素分析。结果 82例耳聋儿童中含已知危险因素共108人次，20人未查及任何已知的危险因素，占18.2％。基因遗传因素5人次；产前因素8人次；围产期的因素48人次；产后获得性因素48人次。对危险因素的多因素分析结果说明无论从专业还是统计学的角度，氨基糖甙类(AmAn)药物的使用在四川地区是儿童致聋的一个显著的因素。结论 在广大人群普及防聋治聋知识，对基层医务人员进行有关耳聋知识和药物使用的培训。进行新生儿或儿童高危因素登记，对筛选出的高危人群进行听力学筛查和随诊，将有助于减少四川地区耳聋的发生，及聋儿的早期诊断和康复。
Objection To study the etiologic factors in deafness Children, in search of a better way of early detecting the deafness in CiChuan province. Method High-risk factors were studied in 82 deafness children, with speech and language impediment, by a high-risk scale for parents. Stepwise logistic regression was used to identify variables associated with childhood deafness. Result There were 108 risk factors founded in 62 cases, including 8 prenatal factors, 48 perinatal factors, 48 postnatal factors and 5 inheritances. Aminoglycosides was proved to be a significant high risk for deafness in CiChuan. Conclusion High-risk register and followed screening the high-risk population seems help to reducing the mobility of
children's hearing loss, and detecting the deafness
early.
Objection To study the etiologic factors in deafness Children, in search of a better way of early detecting the deafness in CiChuan province. Method High-risk factors were studied in 82 deafness children, with speech and language impediment, by a high-risk scale for parents. Stepwise logistic regression was used to identify variables associated with childhood deafness. Result There were 108 risk factors founded in 62 cases, including 8 prenatal factors, 48 perinatal factors, 48 postnatal factors and 5 inheritances. Aminoglycosides was proved to be a significant high risk for deafness in CiChuan. Conclusion High-risk register and followed screening the high-risk population seems help to reducing the mobility of
children's hearing loss, and detecting the deafness
early.
引文
1.Elssman SF, Matkin ND, Sabo MP.Early identification of congenital sensorineural hearing impairment. Hearing J.Setember 1987.13-17.
2.Stein L, Clark S, Kraus N.The hearing impaired infant:patterns of identification and habilitation. Bar Hear,1983;4:232-236.
3．章依文，许积德。婴儿听力丧失的早期检测。国外医学妇幼保健分册，1997，8(3)：120-121。
4.Martin,J.A.M., Diagnosis and communication ability in deaf children in European community. Audiolody, 1982;21:185-196.
5．康松连译。氨基糖甙类抗生素耳毒性机制研究。国外医学耳鼻咽喉科分册，1991，15(6)：336。
6.Prezant TR, Agpian JV, Bohlman MC, et al. Mitochondrial ribosomal RNA mutation associated with both antibiotic-induced and non-syndromic deafness. Nat Genet, 1993,4:289-293.
7.Northern JL, Downs MP. Hearing inchildren. 3rd ed. Batimore,Md: Williams & Wilkins;1984.
8.Gerkin KP, Downs MP. The high-risk register for new born hearing programs. Semin Hearing. 1984;5:9-16.
9.Joint Committee statement on Infant Hearing Screening. Am Acad Otolaryngoi Head Neck Surg Bull. Mach 1991.
2.Stein L, Clark S, Kraus N.The hearing impaired infant:patterns of identification and habilitation. Bar Hear,1983;4:232-236.
3．章依文，许积德。婴儿听力丧失的早期检测。国外医学妇幼保健分册，1997，8(3)：120-121。
4.Martin,J.A.M., Diagnosis and communication ability in deaf children in European community. Audiolody, 1982;21:185-196.
5．康松连译。氨基糖甙类抗生素耳毒性机制研究。国外医学耳鼻咽喉科分册，1991，15(6)：336。
6.Prezant TR, Agpian JV, Bohlman MC, et al. Mitochondrial ribosomal RNA mutation associated with both antibiotic-induced and non-syndromic deafness. Nat Genet, 1993,4:289-293.
7.Northern JL, Downs MP. Hearing inchildren. 3rd ed. Batimore,Md: Williams & Wilkins;1984.
8.Gerkin KP, Downs MP. The high-risk register for new born hearing programs. Semin Hearing. 1984;5:9-16.
9.Joint Committee statement on Infant Hearing Screening. Am Acad Otolaryngoi Head Neck Surg Bull. Mach 1991.