基于已有振动台试验的钢管混凝土圆弧拱抗震性能分析
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摘要
钢管混凝土拱桥因具有自重轻、强度高、延性好、施工便捷等优点,近年来在国内外得到了广泛应用。我国已建成钢管混凝土拱桥300余座,跨度超过50m的有200余座。中国是一个地震多发国家,许多钢管混凝土拱桥位于高烈度抗震设防区,因此钢管混凝土拱桥的抗震性能极其重要。本文利用IDA方法和Pushover方法对钢管混凝土圆弧拱的抗震性能进行了研究。具体工作如下:
(1)基于已有的钢管混凝土拱桥振动台试验,验证了OpenSees有限元软件在分析钢管混凝土拱桥抗震性能时的适用性,研究了钢管混凝土拱桥在强震作用下的破坏过程和破坏机理。结果表明,钢管混凝土拱肋在峰值加速度不断提高的一系列地震动作用下,拱脚处因较大的基底剪力和倾覆力矩首先进入塑性并最终导致结构动力失稳破坏。由极限峰值加速度作用下拱脚钢管与混凝土的应力应变发展关系曲线可见,在地震作用下钢管混凝土应力应变滞回性能良好,钢管混凝土拱肋具有较好的延性及耗能能力。
(2)采用IDA方法分析了钢管混凝土圆弧拱的抗震性能,研究了钢管混凝土圆弧拱在地震动作用下的两种典型动力失稳破坏模式,以及长细比、轴压比和圆心角对钢管混凝土圆弧拱抗震性能的影响。计算了钢管混凝土圆弧拱在11条典型II类场地地震动作用下的极限峰值加速度及其平均值,并基于该平均值提出了钢管混凝土圆弧拱在II类场地地震动作用下的极限峰值加速度计算公式。与有限元计算结果对比可知,通过本文所提公式得到的计算结果偏于安全。
(3)采用Pushover方法研究了钢管混凝土圆弧拱的抗震性能,比较了三种不同侧向力加载模式对结构抗震性能的影响,并推荐了适用于钢管混凝土圆弧拱Pushover分析的侧向力加载模式。计算了钢管混凝土圆弧拱在不同设计参数下的底部剪力-拱顶位移全过程曲线并得到了拱顶峰值位移随长细比、轴压比及圆心角的变化规律,提出了钢管混凝土圆弧拱在罕遇地震作用下的拱顶出平面位移限值计算公式。
Concrete Filled Steel Tubular (CFST) Arch Bridges have been widely used throughout the world in recent years because of its light weight, high strength, good ductility and convenient construction procedure. Over 300 CFST arch bridges have been bulit in China, among which more than 200 CFST arch bridges have spans larger than 50m. China is an earthquake-prone country, most of CFST arch bridges have been built in high seismic intensity areas, thus the seismic research on CFST arch bridges is extremely important. In this dissertation, seismic behavior of single circular CFST arches has been investigated using Pushover method and Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA) method. The research work is as follows:
Based on an existing shaking table test on a CFST arch bridge, this paper verifys the applicability of OpenSees in the analysis on seismic performance of CFST arch bridges. The failure process and failure mechanism of CFST arch bridges under severe earthquakes have also been studied. It is shown that under a series of earthquake actions whose peak accelerations gradually increased, the springs of the CFST arch bridges would firstly turn to plasticity due to the significant base shear force and overturning moment and eventually the internal force could not counterpoise the earthquake actions leading to dynamic buckling of the CFST arch bridges. The stress-strain development diagram obtained under the ultimate peak acceleration shows that, the CFST arches present favorable hysterestic behavior as well as good ductility and energy dissipation under the earthquake attacks.
The IDA method has been used in the research on seismic performance of circular CFST arches. Two typical failure modes of circular CFST arches under earthquakes have been presented. In addition, the effect of slenderness ratio, axial compression ratio and included angle on the seismic performance of CFST arches are investigated. The ultimate peak acclerations and their mean value of circular CFST arches under 11 different ground motions for site condition 2 have been caculated to propose the formula of ultimate peak acclerations of circular CFST arches. Comapred with the results obtained from finite element analysis, the results obtained from the proposed formula are safer.
The Pushover method has been used to investigate the seismic performance of circular CFST arches, and the influence of three typical lateral loading patterns on the seismic performance of circular CFST arches are studied, based on which the most suitable pattern is selected. The curves about the base shear force against the displacement have been caculated considering different paremeters, including the slenderness ratio, axial compression ratio and included angle. The paper also proposes the formula of out-of-plane paek displacement of circular CFST arches under severe earthquakes. Comapred with the results obtained from the finite element method, the results obtained from the proposed formula are safer.
(1)基于已有的钢管混凝土拱桥振动台试验,验证了OpenSees有限元软件在分析钢管混凝土拱桥抗震性能时的适用性,研究了钢管混凝土拱桥在强震作用下的破坏过程和破坏机理。结果表明,钢管混凝土拱肋在峰值加速度不断提高的一系列地震动作用下,拱脚处因较大的基底剪力和倾覆力矩首先进入塑性并最终导致结构动力失稳破坏。由极限峰值加速度作用下拱脚钢管与混凝土的应力应变发展关系曲线可见,在地震作用下钢管混凝土应力应变滞回性能良好,钢管混凝土拱肋具有较好的延性及耗能能力。
(2)采用IDA方法分析了钢管混凝土圆弧拱的抗震性能,研究了钢管混凝土圆弧拱在地震动作用下的两种典型动力失稳破坏模式,以及长细比、轴压比和圆心角对钢管混凝土圆弧拱抗震性能的影响。计算了钢管混凝土圆弧拱在11条典型II类场地地震动作用下的极限峰值加速度及其平均值,并基于该平均值提出了钢管混凝土圆弧拱在II类场地地震动作用下的极限峰值加速度计算公式。与有限元计算结果对比可知,通过本文所提公式得到的计算结果偏于安全。
(3)采用Pushover方法研究了钢管混凝土圆弧拱的抗震性能,比较了三种不同侧向力加载模式对结构抗震性能的影响,并推荐了适用于钢管混凝土圆弧拱Pushover分析的侧向力加载模式。计算了钢管混凝土圆弧拱在不同设计参数下的底部剪力-拱顶位移全过程曲线并得到了拱顶峰值位移随长细比、轴压比及圆心角的变化规律,提出了钢管混凝土圆弧拱在罕遇地震作用下的拱顶出平面位移限值计算公式。
Concrete Filled Steel Tubular (CFST) Arch Bridges have been widely used throughout the world in recent years because of its light weight, high strength, good ductility and convenient construction procedure. Over 300 CFST arch bridges have been bulit in China, among which more than 200 CFST arch bridges have spans larger than 50m. China is an earthquake-prone country, most of CFST arch bridges have been built in high seismic intensity areas, thus the seismic research on CFST arch bridges is extremely important. In this dissertation, seismic behavior of single circular CFST arches has been investigated using Pushover method and Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA) method. The research work is as follows:
Based on an existing shaking table test on a CFST arch bridge, this paper verifys the applicability of OpenSees in the analysis on seismic performance of CFST arch bridges. The failure process and failure mechanism of CFST arch bridges under severe earthquakes have also been studied. It is shown that under a series of earthquake actions whose peak accelerations gradually increased, the springs of the CFST arch bridges would firstly turn to plasticity due to the significant base shear force and overturning moment and eventually the internal force could not counterpoise the earthquake actions leading to dynamic buckling of the CFST arch bridges. The stress-strain development diagram obtained under the ultimate peak acceleration shows that, the CFST arches present favorable hysterestic behavior as well as good ductility and energy dissipation under the earthquake attacks.
The IDA method has been used in the research on seismic performance of circular CFST arches. Two typical failure modes of circular CFST arches under earthquakes have been presented. In addition, the effect of slenderness ratio, axial compression ratio and included angle on the seismic performance of CFST arches are investigated. The ultimate peak acclerations and their mean value of circular CFST arches under 11 different ground motions for site condition 2 have been caculated to propose the formula of ultimate peak acclerations of circular CFST arches. Comapred with the results obtained from finite element analysis, the results obtained from the proposed formula are safer.
The Pushover method has been used to investigate the seismic performance of circular CFST arches, and the influence of three typical lateral loading patterns on the seismic performance of circular CFST arches are studied, based on which the most suitable pattern is selected. The curves about the base shear force against the displacement have been caculated considering different paremeters, including the slenderness ratio, axial compression ratio and included angle. The paper also proposes the formula of out-of-plane paek displacement of circular CFST arches under severe earthquakes. Comapred with the results obtained from the finite element method, the results obtained from the proposed formula are safer.
引文
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