光学离焦对幼龄豚鼠屈光状态影响的实验研究
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摘要
目的
观察光学离焦对幼龄豚鼠屈光状态的影响,探讨诱导近视形成凹透镜的最低度数,及能诱导豚鼠远视眼形成凸透镜的最小度数,为近视眼的防治提供实验依据。
方法
3—4周龄、体重140-180g的花色豚鼠75只,随机分为11组,1—10组为实验组,每组7只,共70只。第11组为空白对照组,共5只,不配戴镜片,同等环境饲养。实验组右眼分别配戴+7D、+4D、+3D、+2D、+1D、-1D、-2D、-3D、-4D、-7D等不同度数的透镜进行诱导,其左眼为对照眼,戴镜前和戴镜后14天分别进行眼科A超测量眼轴长度、带状光检影测量屈光度,观察其变化。断颈处死豚鼠,迅速摘除眼球,免疫组织化学染色对比酪氨酸羟化酶(tyrosinehydroxylase,TH)在视网膜的分布的变化。各组数据结果以(?)±S表示,采用Spss13.0软件进行统计分析,对照眼与实验眼间差异行配对t检验,各组间差异行单因素方差分析,统计学上的显著性水平规定为α=0.05。
结果
+7D、+4D、-4D、-7D组的豚鼠实验眼诱导前后屈光度的变化与对照眼和空白对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而在+3D、+2D、+1D、-1D、-2D、-3D组的实验眼诱导后与对照眼及空白对照组屈光度差异不明显(P＞0.05)。-4D、-7D组诱导后实验眼与对照眼及空白对照组眼轴比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而其它组诱导后实验眼和对照眼的眼轴差异不明显(P＞0.05)。各组视网膜内均有TH蛋白表达,主要分布在视网膜内核层的无长突细胞,随机选取5个高倍视野(×400)观察TH分布情况,-7D组每高倍视野阳性染色细胞为81.86±29.21个,-4D组每高倍视野阳性染色细胞为84.32±3 1.59个,而对照眼每高倍视野阳性染色细胞为203.45±75.68个。-7D、-4D组实验眼表达弱于其它组实验眼和全部对照眼,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。-7D、-4D之间无明显差别(P＞0.05)。
结论
1.幼龄豚鼠配戴凸凹透镜可以诱发豚鼠眼屈光状态变化,可以用透镜诱导方式建立屈光不正的动物模型。
2.本实验诱导幼龄豚鼠形成近视的最小凹透镜度数为—4D,可以诱导幼龄豚鼠形成远视的最小凸透镜度数为+4D。
3.TH蛋白主要分布在视网膜内核层,豚鼠近视眼视网膜TH蛋白较对照眼含量下降,豚鼠远视眼视网膜TH蛋白和对照眼无明显差别。视网膜内核层TH蛋白表达降低可作为近视眼动物模型的特征之一。
Objective
To observe the effect of optical defocus to refractive status of guinea pigs,then,to explore the minimum degree of concave lens induced myopia and the minimum degree of convex lens induced hypermetropic eye in guinea pigs which provides experimental basis to prevention and treatment of myopia.
Methods
75 3-4-week-old guinea pigs were randomly divided into 10 groups,1-10 group for the experimental group,in which the length of axis oculi,diopter were measured before and after wearing two weeks,wearing separately different degrees of lens-induced in the right eye,and the left eye was as control eye.Then compare the distribution of tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)in the retina after immunohistochemical staining.
Results
The diopter of+7D,+4D,-4D,-7D groups compared with the control eyes were statistically significant differences(P＜0.05),while+3D,+2D,+1D,-1D,-2D,-3D groups were not(P＞0.05).The changes of-4D,-7D groups were obvious before and after wearing in the length of axis oculi,while the other groups were not.The TH protein can express in retina of each group,which were mainly distributed in amacrine cell layer,the expression of TH in experimental eyes of-7D,-4D group was less than other groups'experimental eyes and all the control eyes,the difference has statistical significance.There was no significant difference between-7D and-4D.
Conclusions
1.The growth and development of Guinea pig eye can be affected by lens which depended on setting up animal models of ametropia.
2.The minimum degree of concave lens induced myopia was lens-4D,and eminimum degree of convex lens induced hypermetropic eyes+4 D.
3.TH protein mainly distributed in the retinal inner nuclear layer,and TH protein in retina of guinea pigs of myopia was less than in the control eye,while there was no significant difference between hypermetropic eye and the control eyes.
观察光学离焦对幼龄豚鼠屈光状态的影响,探讨诱导近视形成凹透镜的最低度数,及能诱导豚鼠远视眼形成凸透镜的最小度数,为近视眼的防治提供实验依据。
方法
3—4周龄、体重140-180g的花色豚鼠75只,随机分为11组,1—10组为实验组,每组7只,共70只。第11组为空白对照组,共5只,不配戴镜片,同等环境饲养。实验组右眼分别配戴+7D、+4D、+3D、+2D、+1D、-1D、-2D、-3D、-4D、-7D等不同度数的透镜进行诱导,其左眼为对照眼,戴镜前和戴镜后14天分别进行眼科A超测量眼轴长度、带状光检影测量屈光度,观察其变化。断颈处死豚鼠,迅速摘除眼球,免疫组织化学染色对比酪氨酸羟化酶(tyrosinehydroxylase,TH)在视网膜的分布的变化。各组数据结果以(?)±S表示,采用Spss13.0软件进行统计分析,对照眼与实验眼间差异行配对t检验,各组间差异行单因素方差分析,统计学上的显著性水平规定为α=0.05。
结果
+7D、+4D、-4D、-7D组的豚鼠实验眼诱导前后屈光度的变化与对照眼和空白对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而在+3D、+2D、+1D、-1D、-2D、-3D组的实验眼诱导后与对照眼及空白对照组屈光度差异不明显(P＞0.05)。-4D、-7D组诱导后实验眼与对照眼及空白对照组眼轴比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而其它组诱导后实验眼和对照眼的眼轴差异不明显(P＞0.05)。各组视网膜内均有TH蛋白表达,主要分布在视网膜内核层的无长突细胞,随机选取5个高倍视野(×400)观察TH分布情况,-7D组每高倍视野阳性染色细胞为81.86±29.21个,-4D组每高倍视野阳性染色细胞为84.32±3 1.59个,而对照眼每高倍视野阳性染色细胞为203.45±75.68个。-7D、-4D组实验眼表达弱于其它组实验眼和全部对照眼,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。-7D、-4D之间无明显差别(P＞0.05)。
结论
1.幼龄豚鼠配戴凸凹透镜可以诱发豚鼠眼屈光状态变化,可以用透镜诱导方式建立屈光不正的动物模型。
2.本实验诱导幼龄豚鼠形成近视的最小凹透镜度数为—4D,可以诱导幼龄豚鼠形成远视的最小凸透镜度数为+4D。
3.TH蛋白主要分布在视网膜内核层,豚鼠近视眼视网膜TH蛋白较对照眼含量下降,豚鼠远视眼视网膜TH蛋白和对照眼无明显差别。视网膜内核层TH蛋白表达降低可作为近视眼动物模型的特征之一。
Objective
To observe the effect of optical defocus to refractive status of guinea pigs,then,to explore the minimum degree of concave lens induced myopia and the minimum degree of convex lens induced hypermetropic eye in guinea pigs which provides experimental basis to prevention and treatment of myopia.
Methods
75 3-4-week-old guinea pigs were randomly divided into 10 groups,1-10 group for the experimental group,in which the length of axis oculi,diopter were measured before and after wearing two weeks,wearing separately different degrees of lens-induced in the right eye,and the left eye was as control eye.Then compare the distribution of tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)in the retina after immunohistochemical staining.
Results
The diopter of+7D,+4D,-4D,-7D groups compared with the control eyes were statistically significant differences(P＜0.05),while+3D,+2D,+1D,-1D,-2D,-3D groups were not(P＞0.05).The changes of-4D,-7D groups were obvious before and after wearing in the length of axis oculi,while the other groups were not.The TH protein can express in retina of each group,which were mainly distributed in amacrine cell layer,the expression of TH in experimental eyes of-7D,-4D group was less than other groups'experimental eyes and all the control eyes,the difference has statistical significance.There was no significant difference between-7D and-4D.
Conclusions
1.The growth and development of Guinea pig eye can be affected by lens which depended on setting up animal models of ametropia.
2.The minimum degree of concave lens induced myopia was lens-4D,and eminimum degree of convex lens induced hypermetropic eyes+4 D.
3.TH protein mainly distributed in the retinal inner nuclear layer,and TH protein in retina of guinea pigs of myopia was less than in the control eye,while there was no significant difference between hypermetropic eye and the control eyes.
引文
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9 Norton TT,Siegwart JT Jr.Animal models of emmetropization:matching axial length to the focal plane.J Am Optom Assoc.1995,66(7):405-14.
10 Judge SJ,Graham B.Differential ocular growth of infant marmoset induced by optical anisometropia combined with alternating occlusion.J Physiol(Lond),1995,485:27-28.
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37 Iuvone PM,et al.Invest Oph thalmo lV is Sci.1991,32:1674-1677.
38 Roh rer B,et al.V is N euro sci.1993,10:447-453.
2 Sh ih YF,et al.Curr Eye Res,1993,12:229-237.
3 杨培增,陈家祺,葛坚,吴德正主编.眼科学基础与临床.北京:人民卫生出版社,2006.837-838.
4 Nathan J,Crewther S G,Crewrher D P,et al.Effects of retinal image degradation on ocular growth in cats[J].Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci,1984,25(11):1300-1306.
5 Wiesel T N,Rawiola E.Myopia and eye enlargement after neonatal lid fusion in monkeys[J].Nature,1977,266(5 597):66-68.
6 Megaw P,Morgan I,Boelen M.Vitreal dihydroxyphenylaceticacid(DOPAC)as an index of retinal dopamine release.J Neurochem,2001,76:1636-1644.
7 Pendrak K,Nguyen T,Lin T,et al.Retinal dopamine in the recowery from experimental myopia.Curr Eye Res,1997,16:152-157.
8 Schmid KL,Wildsoet CF.Inhibitory effects of apomophine and atropine and their combination on myopia in chicks.Optom Vis Sci,2004,81:137-147.
9 Norton TT,Siegwart JT Jr.Animal models of emmetropization:matching axial length to the focal plane.J Am Optom Assoc.1995,66(7):405-14.
10 Judge SJ,Graham B.Differential ocular growth of infant marmoset induced by optical anisometropia combined with alternating occlusion.J Physiol(Lond),1995,485:27-28.
11 钟兴武,葛坚,聂昊辉等.准分子激光角膜切削术性光学离焦对幼猴正视化影响的研究.2004,40(4):258-261.
12 吴君舒,钟兴武,葛坚.光学离焦和形觉剥夺对幼恒河猴正视化过程的影响.眼科学报.2004,20(2):118-122.
13 Z hu xiao ying,Winawer J A,WallmanJ,et al.Po-tency of Myopic Defocus in Spectacle Lens Compensation[J].IOVS.2003,44(7):2818-2827.
14 Winawer J,WallmaJ.Temporal Constraint s on Lens Compensation in Chicks.Vision Res,2002,42(6):2651-2668.
15 胡萍,李镜海.透镜诱导豚鼠眼屈光状态改变的研究.眼科研究.2008,26(2):137-140.
16 Stone RA,et al.P roc Natl A cad Sci.1989,86704-706.
17 Guo SS,et al.Curr Eye Res,1995,14:385-389.
18 Iuvone PM,et al.Invest Oph thalmo 1 V is Sci,1991;32:1674-1677.
19 Rohrer B,et al.Vis Neurosci,1993;10:447-453.
20 席晓勍,褚仁远,周行涛,等.实验性近视眼视网膜多巴胺转运蛋白研究.中华眼科杂志.2003,39(6):344-347.
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