牡丹江流域水库群优化调度研究
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摘要
近几年来,随着电力体制改革的逐步深入和规范,“厂网分开、竞价上网”的电网管理模式已逐步形成。在这种新形势下,开展流域水库群的优化调度研究,不但能增加发电企业的经济效益、确保电网的安全经济运行,而且还发挥了工程和设备潜力、充分利用了水能资源。
荒沟抽水蓄能电站是即将上马的大型电源项目,它的加入将改变牡丹江流域梯级优化调度模式。本论文在研究了牡丹江流域水库群优化调度原则的基础上,结合梯级水库群优化调度原理,提出了抽水蓄能电站与梯级电站配合形成的水库群的优化调度理论,并应用于牡丹江流域实例计算,计算结果表明:该理论能够更好地适应牡丹江流域各水库综合调度的实际情况。
根据牡丹江流域水库群的水文和发电调度特点,通过分析该流域水库群优化调度的原则,本研究中水库群调度目标函数采用梯级发电量最大和经济效益最大,并建立相应的数学模型,应用混合动态规划法和大系统分解协调法分别对上述模型进行求解,并将计算结果中的月、年计划表与建议计划数据进行图和表的对比分析,最后得出本文的结论:上述两种模型适用于牡丹江流域水库群的优化调度,并较大幅度地提高了流域水库群的发电量和电厂的经济效益,为水库群的实际优化运行提供了理论依据。
In the last few years, along with the electric power system reform of gradually thorough and norm, the factory net separate, the charged barbed wire net that price of competition the Internet management the mode has already become. Under this kind of new situation, open the research of optimal operation of basin reservoir group, improve the management level of the water electricity station, not only improve the economic benefit of the business enterprise and insure the safe movement of the charged barbed wire net to have the important realistic meaning with increment, but also develop the engineering and equipments potential, make full use of the hydropower resources.
Huang-Gou pumped storage station is the large power supply item that my province will soon be started; it will change the optimal operation model of Peony River. Based on the principle of reservoirs group optimal operation, the optimal operation theory of pumped storage station and cascade station is proposed in the paper. And the theory is applied in the peony river basin. The result indicates that: the theory meet the actual situation better.
According to the hydrology and generation characteristics of peony river basin, and analysis the principle of reservoirs group optimal operation. The power generation maximal model and economy benefit maximal model are used to operate the reservoir group in the basin in the study. And hybrid dynamic program and decomposition-coordination method for large scale systems were applied to solve the model. The data were processed with the computer. The month and year table were analyzed compared with the suggested plan data. The conclusion was finally got as follows: the two models above were suit for the optimal operation of Peony river basin reservoirs group, and can improve the power generation and economy benefit of the basin reservoir group greatly, and provided theory value for the actual optimal operation.
荒沟抽水蓄能电站是即将上马的大型电源项目,它的加入将改变牡丹江流域梯级优化调度模式。本论文在研究了牡丹江流域水库群优化调度原则的基础上,结合梯级水库群优化调度原理,提出了抽水蓄能电站与梯级电站配合形成的水库群的优化调度理论,并应用于牡丹江流域实例计算,计算结果表明:该理论能够更好地适应牡丹江流域各水库综合调度的实际情况。
根据牡丹江流域水库群的水文和发电调度特点,通过分析该流域水库群优化调度的原则,本研究中水库群调度目标函数采用梯级发电量最大和经济效益最大,并建立相应的数学模型,应用混合动态规划法和大系统分解协调法分别对上述模型进行求解,并将计算结果中的月、年计划表与建议计划数据进行图和表的对比分析,最后得出本文的结论:上述两种模型适用于牡丹江流域水库群的优化调度,并较大幅度地提高了流域水库群的发电量和电厂的经济效益,为水库群的实际优化运行提供了理论依据。
In the last few years, along with the electric power system reform of gradually thorough and norm, the factory net separate, the charged barbed wire net that price of competition the Internet management the mode has already become. Under this kind of new situation, open the research of optimal operation of basin reservoir group, improve the management level of the water electricity station, not only improve the economic benefit of the business enterprise and insure the safe movement of the charged barbed wire net to have the important realistic meaning with increment, but also develop the engineering and equipments potential, make full use of the hydropower resources.
Huang-Gou pumped storage station is the large power supply item that my province will soon be started; it will change the optimal operation model of Peony River. Based on the principle of reservoirs group optimal operation, the optimal operation theory of pumped storage station and cascade station is proposed in the paper. And the theory is applied in the peony river basin. The result indicates that: the theory meet the actual situation better.
According to the hydrology and generation characteristics of peony river basin, and analysis the principle of reservoirs group optimal operation. The power generation maximal model and economy benefit maximal model are used to operate the reservoir group in the basin in the study. And hybrid dynamic program and decomposition-coordination method for large scale systems were applied to solve the model. The data were processed with the computer. The month and year table were analyzed compared with the suggested plan data. The conclusion was finally got as follows: the two models above were suit for the optimal operation of Peony river basin reservoirs group, and can improve the power generation and economy benefit of the basin reservoir group greatly, and provided theory value for the actual optimal operation.
引文
[1] J.D.C.Little, The use of storage water in a hydroelectric system[J],Oper.Res.,3,1995
[2] Gassford,J.,and S.Karlin,Optimal policy for hydroelectric operations,in studies in the Mathematical Theory of Inventory and Production [M], edited by S.Karlin and H.Scarf,pp179-200,Stanford University Press,Stanford,Calif.,1958
[3] Dofman R.,Mathematical models:The multi-structure approach,in Design of Water Resources Systems[M],edited by,A.Mass,Harvard University Press,Cambridge,1962
[4] Young, G.K, Finding reservoir operation rules [J], J.Hydraul.Div.Am.Soc.Civ Eng.93(Hy6),297-321,1967
[5] W.A.Hall et al.Optimization of the Operation of Multipurpose Reservoir by Dynamic Programming [J] Water Resource Research,4(3),1968
[6] Locks,D,P,Some comments on linear decision rules and chance constraints [J], Water Resour.Res.,6(2),668-671,1970
[7] Locks,D.P.and L.M.Falkson,A comparison of some dynamic,linear and policy iteration methods for reservoir operation [J],Water Resour.Bull.,6(3),384-400.1970
[8] Butcher W.Stochastic Dynamic Programming of Optimal Reservoir Operation [J] .Water Resour.Bull.,1971,7(1)
[9] SU.S.Y,and R.A.Deininger,Generalization of White's method of successive approximations to periodie Markovian decision Process [J],Oper.Res.,20(2),318-326,1972
[10] Aslew,A.J.,Optimum reservoir operationg policies and the imposition of reliability constraint [J] ,water Resour.Res., 10(6), 1099-1106,1974
[11] Rossman,L.,Reliability-constrained dynamic programming and randomized release rules in reservoir management [J], Water Resour.Res., 13(2),247-255,1977
[12] Heidari M,Chow V T, Kokotovic P V, et al. Discrete Differential Dynamic Programming Approach to Water Resources Systems Optimization. [J]. Water Resour.Res., 1971,7(2)
[13] Larson,R.E.,State Incremental Dynamic Programming [M] ,Elsevier,New York, 1968 [14] Trott,W.J,andW.W-G.Yeh,OptimizationofMultiplereservoirsystems [J] ,J.Hhdraul.Div.Am.Soc.Civ. Eng.,99(Hy10), 1865-1844,1983
[15] Giles.J.E, and W.O., Wunderlick,Weekly multipurpose planning model for TVA reservoir system, J.of the Water Resour[J], Plann.Manage.Div.Am.Soc.Civ.Eng.,107(WR2),495-511,1981
[16] Murray, D.M., and S.J.Yakowitz, Constrained differential dynamic programming and its application to multireservoir control [J], Water Resour.Res.,15(5),1017-1027,1979
[17] Turgeon A., Optimal short-term hydro scheduling from the principle of progressive optimality, Water Resour.Res.[J],17(3),481-486,1981
[18]Howson,H.R.,and N.C.F.Sancho,A new algorithm for the solution of multistate dynamic programming problems[J],Math.Programm.,8(1),1975
[19]Marino,M.A.,and B.Mohammadi,Reservoir operation by linear and dynamic programming[J],J.Water Resour.Plann.Manage.,104(4),1983
[20]Arvanitidis,N.V,and J.Rosing,Optimal Operation of multireservoir systems using a composite representation[J],IEEE Transactions on Power apparatus and systems,Pas-89(2),1970
[21]East,V.and M.J.Hall,Water resource system of optimization using genetic algorithms,Proceeding of the first international conference on hydroinformatics[M],Balkema,1994
[22]Oliveira,R and P.P.Loucks,Operating rules for multi-reservoir systems[J],Water Resources Research,33(4),1997:839-852
[23]Milutin,D.Multiunit water resource system management by decomposition,optimization and emulated evolution-a case study of seven water supply reservoirs in Tunisia[M],Doctoral dissertation,Wangeningen Agricultural University,The Netherlands,1998
[24]谭维炎,黄守信等.应用随机动态规划进行水电站水库的优化调度[J].水利学报,1982,(7):1-7
[25]张勇传,熊斯毅等.柘溪水电站水库优化调,见:优化理论在水库调度中的应用[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,1985,1-4
[26]董子敖,闫建生等.改变约束法和国民经济效益最大准则在水电站水库优化调度中的应用[J].水力发电学报,1983,(2):1-11
[27]施熙灿,林翔岳等.考虑保证率约束的马氏决策规划在水库优化调度中的应用[J].水力发电学报,1982,(2):11-21
[28]张勇传,傅昭阳.水库优化调度中的几个理论问题,见:优化理论在水库调度中的应用[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,1985,28-40
[29]华东水利学院等,电子计算机在洪水预报水库调度中的应用[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1983
[30]李寿声,彭世彰.多种水源联合运用非线性规划灌溉模型[J].水利学报,1986,(6):11-19
[31]张玉新,冯尚友.多维决策的多目标动态规划及其应用.水利学报[J],1988,(6):73-81
[32]张勇传,邴凤山等.水库优化调度的模糊数学方法[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,1985,130-140
[33]陈守煜.多维多目标决策系统模糊优选理论及其应用.水利学报[J],1990,(1):1-10
[34]陈守煜,赵瑛琪.系统层次分析模糊优选模型.水利学报[J],1988,(10):1-10
[35]谭维炎,刘健民等.四川水电站群水库优化调度图及其计算[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,1985
[36]张勇传等.水电站水库群优化调度方法的研究.水力发电[J],1981,(11):48-52
[37]熊斯毅,邴凤山.湖南柘、马、双、凤水库群联合优化调度[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,1985,58-64
[38]叶秉如等.水电站库群的年最优调度[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,1985.65-73
[39]黄守信,方淑秀等.两个无水力联系水库的优化调度[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,1985.85-89
[40]鲁子林.水库群调度网络分析法.华东水利学院学报[J],1983,11
[41]董子敖等.计入径流时间空间相关关系的梯级水库群优化调度的多层次法.水电能源科学[J],1987,5(1):29-40
[42]黄强等.应用大系统递阶控制理论解梯级水库长期优化调度.水能技术经济[J],1987,3
[43]叶秉如等.红水河梯级优化调度的多次动态规划河空间分解算法.见:红水河水电最优开发数学模型研究论文集.南京:河海大学[J],1998
[44]胡振鹏,冯尚友等.大系统多目标递阶分析“分解-聚合”方法.系统工程学报[J],1988,(1)
[45]吴保生,陈惠源.多库防洪系统优化调度的一种解算方法.水利学报[J],1991(11):35-40
[46]都金康,周广安.水库群防洪调度的主次优化方法.水科学进展[J],1994,5(2):134-141
[47]吴倍益.模糊数学在水库调度中的应用.水力发电[J],1985,5
[48]陈守煜.多阶段多目标决策系统模糊优选理论及其应用.水利学报[J],1990,(1)
[49]王本德,周惠成等.梯级水库群防洪系统的多目标洪水调度决策的模糊优选.水利学报[J],1994,(4):31-39
[50]陆佑楣,潘家铮.抽水蓄能电站[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1992
[51]曹楚生.抽水蓄能电站发展前景[M].见:中国水力发电工程学会,武警水电指挥部
[52]程芳.抽水蓄能电站优化调度技术研究综述[M]
[53]张英贵.抽水蓄能电站的经济运行.武汉水利电力学院学报[J],1992,25(4):362-369
[54]李爱玲.水电站水库群系统优化调度的大系统分解协调方法研究.水电能源科学[J],1997,15(4):58-63
[55]冯尚友.水资源系统工程[M].武汉:湖北科学技术出版社,1991.
[56]胡晓龙.复杂泵站的经济运行研究.河海大学[D],2002,3:26-28
[2] Gassford,J.,and S.Karlin,Optimal policy for hydroelectric operations,in studies in the Mathematical Theory of Inventory and Production [M], edited by S.Karlin and H.Scarf,pp179-200,Stanford University Press,Stanford,Calif.,1958
[3] Dofman R.,Mathematical models:The multi-structure approach,in Design of Water Resources Systems[M],edited by,A.Mass,Harvard University Press,Cambridge,1962
[4] Young, G.K, Finding reservoir operation rules [J], J.Hydraul.Div.Am.Soc.Civ Eng.93(Hy6),297-321,1967
[5] W.A.Hall et al.Optimization of the Operation of Multipurpose Reservoir by Dynamic Programming [J] Water Resource Research,4(3),1968
[6] Locks,D,P,Some comments on linear decision rules and chance constraints [J], Water Resour.Res.,6(2),668-671,1970
[7] Locks,D.P.and L.M.Falkson,A comparison of some dynamic,linear and policy iteration methods for reservoir operation [J],Water Resour.Bull.,6(3),384-400.1970
[8] Butcher W.Stochastic Dynamic Programming of Optimal Reservoir Operation [J] .Water Resour.Bull.,1971,7(1)
[9] SU.S.Y,and R.A.Deininger,Generalization of White's method of successive approximations to periodie Markovian decision Process [J],Oper.Res.,20(2),318-326,1972
[10] Aslew,A.J.,Optimum reservoir operationg policies and the imposition of reliability constraint [J] ,water Resour.Res., 10(6), 1099-1106,1974
[11] Rossman,L.,Reliability-constrained dynamic programming and randomized release rules in reservoir management [J], Water Resour.Res., 13(2),247-255,1977
[12] Heidari M,Chow V T, Kokotovic P V, et al. Discrete Differential Dynamic Programming Approach to Water Resources Systems Optimization. [J]. Water Resour.Res., 1971,7(2)
[13] Larson,R.E.,State Incremental Dynamic Programming [M] ,Elsevier,New York, 1968 [14] Trott,W.J,andW.W-G.Yeh,OptimizationofMultiplereservoirsystems [J] ,J.Hhdraul.Div.Am.Soc.Civ. Eng.,99(Hy10), 1865-1844,1983
[15] Giles.J.E, and W.O., Wunderlick,Weekly multipurpose planning model for TVA reservoir system, J.of the Water Resour[J], Plann.Manage.Div.Am.Soc.Civ.Eng.,107(WR2),495-511,1981
[16] Murray, D.M., and S.J.Yakowitz, Constrained differential dynamic programming and its application to multireservoir control [J], Water Resour.Res.,15(5),1017-1027,1979
[17] Turgeon A., Optimal short-term hydro scheduling from the principle of progressive optimality, Water Resour.Res.[J],17(3),481-486,1981
[18]Howson,H.R.,and N.C.F.Sancho,A new algorithm for the solution of multistate dynamic programming problems[J],Math.Programm.,8(1),1975
[19]Marino,M.A.,and B.Mohammadi,Reservoir operation by linear and dynamic programming[J],J.Water Resour.Plann.Manage.,104(4),1983
[20]Arvanitidis,N.V,and J.Rosing,Optimal Operation of multireservoir systems using a composite representation[J],IEEE Transactions on Power apparatus and systems,Pas-89(2),1970
[21]East,V.and M.J.Hall,Water resource system of optimization using genetic algorithms,Proceeding of the first international conference on hydroinformatics[M],Balkema,1994
[22]Oliveira,R and P.P.Loucks,Operating rules for multi-reservoir systems[J],Water Resources Research,33(4),1997:839-852
[23]Milutin,D.Multiunit water resource system management by decomposition,optimization and emulated evolution-a case study of seven water supply reservoirs in Tunisia[M],Doctoral dissertation,Wangeningen Agricultural University,The Netherlands,1998
[24]谭维炎,黄守信等.应用随机动态规划进行水电站水库的优化调度[J].水利学报,1982,(7):1-7
[25]张勇传,熊斯毅等.柘溪水电站水库优化调,见:优化理论在水库调度中的应用[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,1985,1-4
[26]董子敖,闫建生等.改变约束法和国民经济效益最大准则在水电站水库优化调度中的应用[J].水力发电学报,1983,(2):1-11
[27]施熙灿,林翔岳等.考虑保证率约束的马氏决策规划在水库优化调度中的应用[J].水力发电学报,1982,(2):11-21
[28]张勇传,傅昭阳.水库优化调度中的几个理论问题,见:优化理论在水库调度中的应用[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,1985,28-40
[29]华东水利学院等,电子计算机在洪水预报水库调度中的应用[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1983
[30]李寿声,彭世彰.多种水源联合运用非线性规划灌溉模型[J].水利学报,1986,(6):11-19
[31]张玉新,冯尚友.多维决策的多目标动态规划及其应用.水利学报[J],1988,(6):73-81
[32]张勇传,邴凤山等.水库优化调度的模糊数学方法[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,1985,130-140
[33]陈守煜.多维多目标决策系统模糊优选理论及其应用.水利学报[J],1990,(1):1-10
[34]陈守煜,赵瑛琪.系统层次分析模糊优选模型.水利学报[J],1988,(10):1-10
[35]谭维炎,刘健民等.四川水电站群水库优化调度图及其计算[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,1985
[36]张勇传等.水电站水库群优化调度方法的研究.水力发电[J],1981,(11):48-52
[37]熊斯毅,邴凤山.湖南柘、马、双、凤水库群联合优化调度[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,1985,58-64
[38]叶秉如等.水电站库群的年最优调度[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,1985.65-73
[39]黄守信,方淑秀等.两个无水力联系水库的优化调度[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,1985.85-89
[40]鲁子林.水库群调度网络分析法.华东水利学院学报[J],1983,11
[41]董子敖等.计入径流时间空间相关关系的梯级水库群优化调度的多层次法.水电能源科学[J],1987,5(1):29-40
[42]黄强等.应用大系统递阶控制理论解梯级水库长期优化调度.水能技术经济[J],1987,3
[43]叶秉如等.红水河梯级优化调度的多次动态规划河空间分解算法.见:红水河水电最优开发数学模型研究论文集.南京:河海大学[J],1998
[44]胡振鹏,冯尚友等.大系统多目标递阶分析“分解-聚合”方法.系统工程学报[J],1988,(1)
[45]吴保生,陈惠源.多库防洪系统优化调度的一种解算方法.水利学报[J],1991(11):35-40
[46]都金康,周广安.水库群防洪调度的主次优化方法.水科学进展[J],1994,5(2):134-141
[47]吴倍益.模糊数学在水库调度中的应用.水力发电[J],1985,5
[48]陈守煜.多阶段多目标决策系统模糊优选理论及其应用.水利学报[J],1990,(1)
[49]王本德,周惠成等.梯级水库群防洪系统的多目标洪水调度决策的模糊优选.水利学报[J],1994,(4):31-39
[50]陆佑楣,潘家铮.抽水蓄能电站[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1992
[51]曹楚生.抽水蓄能电站发展前景[M].见:中国水力发电工程学会,武警水电指挥部
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