精密剪切设备送料机构的虚拟开发研究
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摘要
在甘肃省科技攻关计划资助下，开展精密剪切设备的虚拟开发研究。以精密剪切设备创新设计为研究对象，以径向夹紧精密剪切设备为开发目标，研究创新产品虚拟开发的理论，开发精密剪切设备虚拟设计平台。
精密剪切设备具有承受载荷大，需具备力封闭结构，重要零件受力状态复杂，送料机构需要动态浮动等特性。总结精密剪切设备的工作原理，分析精密剪切设备的结构特点和对送料机构的要求，讨论精密剪切设备的工作步骤，探讨精密剪切机设备中送料机构的工作原理等问题。
以剪切设备的送料机构为研究对象，探讨产品虚拟开发的灵境环境和相关技术。主要讨论虚拟现实技术、建模技术、虚拟装配环境和送料机构的虚拟开发流程及开发平台。依托虚拟产品开发技术中的相关重点技术，如参数化建模技术、虚拟装配技术、仿真系统等，借助国际流行的中高端CAD／CAE／PDM软件，创建了PRO／ENGINEER——ADAMS的虚拟三维建模、仿真环境，实现了剪切机送料机构从数字化实体建模到虚拟样机仿真(动力学、运动学仿真)及分析的虚拟开发工作。
提出精密剪切设备送料机构虚拟开发的特征实体参数化建模技术和虚拟装配技术。讨论送料机构在Pro／E平台中的零件实体模型建立方法，通过PRO\E软件的单一数据库和全相关性，建立零件开发模块；讨论Pro／E的虚拟装配机理，通过装配约束的施加实现送料机构的初步装配，分析送料机构虚拟装配的具体过程和剪切设备的整体虚拟装配，重点分析了旨在消除滑块装配干涉的浮动料架的优化问题。
进行精密剪切设备送料机构的工作过程仿真。讨论动态仿真分析的关键技术——虚拟样机技术，实现从送料机构的实体模型到仿真模型的转化，实现送料机构装配体3D模型的转化，对夹具和送料机构的三维仿真模型进行相关动态仿真，分析仿真结果，从而为送料机构的优化奠定基础。
Virtual development of the precision shears machine is studied with the support of key technology R&D program in Gansu province. Taking the innovative design of the precision shearing machine as the research object and the radial clamping shearing machine as the aim of development, the theory of virtual development of innovative product is studied. The platform of virtual design to precision shears machine is developed.
Precision shearing machine has such key features as follows: carrying heavy load, having force closed structure, the complicated force state for important parts and dynamic floating sending mechanism. This paper do research on several aspects as follows:
The working theory of the shearing machine and its sending mechanism is summarized; the feature of the structure of precision shearing machine and the demand for sending mechanism are analyzed; the working approach of shearing machine is shown.
Taking the sending mechanism of the precision shearing machine as the research object, The virtual environment of product development and correlative technology is studied. Based on such crucial technologies as parametric modeling technology, Virtual Assembly Technology, simulation technology ect., a kind of VPD environment is built in this paper by means of popular-used CAD/CAE/PDM software: PRO/ENGINEER and ADAMS, in which 3D virtual models of parts and virtual assembly model of the sending mechanism of shearing machine are built in PRO/E and their dynamic simulation are realized in ADAMS.
The modeling technology based on parametric feature and virtual assembly technology of the sending mechanism of the precision shearing machine is put forward. The modeling method of the parts in sending mechanism in PRO/E is studied. The developing module of parts is built by means of the single database and full connectivity of PRO/E. The mechanism of virtual assembly of sending mechanism is discussed, the primary assembly is realized through putting assembly constraints on part models. The concrete assembly process of sending mechanism and the whole shearing machine is finished. Moreover, the optimization of floating shelf aiming at eliminating the interference between sliding block and poles is studied as a highlight of this paper.
The transfer of 3D model of clamp assembly and whole sending mechanism from PRO/E to ADAMS and their dynamic simulation and corresponding analysis in ADAMS are realized, which lays a foundation of the optimization of the sending mechanism of the precision shearing machine.
精密剪切设备具有承受载荷大，需具备力封闭结构，重要零件受力状态复杂，送料机构需要动态浮动等特性。总结精密剪切设备的工作原理，分析精密剪切设备的结构特点和对送料机构的要求，讨论精密剪切设备的工作步骤，探讨精密剪切机设备中送料机构的工作原理等问题。
以剪切设备的送料机构为研究对象，探讨产品虚拟开发的灵境环境和相关技术。主要讨论虚拟现实技术、建模技术、虚拟装配环境和送料机构的虚拟开发流程及开发平台。依托虚拟产品开发技术中的相关重点技术，如参数化建模技术、虚拟装配技术、仿真系统等，借助国际流行的中高端CAD／CAE／PDM软件，创建了PRO／ENGINEER——ADAMS的虚拟三维建模、仿真环境，实现了剪切机送料机构从数字化实体建模到虚拟样机仿真(动力学、运动学仿真)及分析的虚拟开发工作。
提出精密剪切设备送料机构虚拟开发的特征实体参数化建模技术和虚拟装配技术。讨论送料机构在Pro／E平台中的零件实体模型建立方法，通过PRO\E软件的单一数据库和全相关性，建立零件开发模块；讨论Pro／E的虚拟装配机理，通过装配约束的施加实现送料机构的初步装配，分析送料机构虚拟装配的具体过程和剪切设备的整体虚拟装配，重点分析了旨在消除滑块装配干涉的浮动料架的优化问题。
进行精密剪切设备送料机构的工作过程仿真。讨论动态仿真分析的关键技术——虚拟样机技术，实现从送料机构的实体模型到仿真模型的转化，实现送料机构装配体3D模型的转化，对夹具和送料机构的三维仿真模型进行相关动态仿真，分析仿真结果，从而为送料机构的优化奠定基础。
Virtual development of the precision shears machine is studied with the support of key technology R&D program in Gansu province. Taking the innovative design of the precision shearing machine as the research object and the radial clamping shearing machine as the aim of development, the theory of virtual development of innovative product is studied. The platform of virtual design to precision shears machine is developed.
Precision shearing machine has such key features as follows: carrying heavy load, having force closed structure, the complicated force state for important parts and dynamic floating sending mechanism. This paper do research on several aspects as follows:
The working theory of the shearing machine and its sending mechanism is summarized; the feature of the structure of precision shearing machine and the demand for sending mechanism are analyzed; the working approach of shearing machine is shown.
Taking the sending mechanism of the precision shearing machine as the research object, The virtual environment of product development and correlative technology is studied. Based on such crucial technologies as parametric modeling technology, Virtual Assembly Technology, simulation technology ect., a kind of VPD environment is built in this paper by means of popular-used CAD/CAE/PDM software: PRO/ENGINEER and ADAMS, in which 3D virtual models of parts and virtual assembly model of the sending mechanism of shearing machine are built in PRO/E and their dynamic simulation are realized in ADAMS.
The modeling technology based on parametric feature and virtual assembly technology of the sending mechanism of the precision shearing machine is put forward. The modeling method of the parts in sending mechanism in PRO/E is studied. The developing module of parts is built by means of the single database and full connectivity of PRO/E. The mechanism of virtual assembly of sending mechanism is discussed, the primary assembly is realized through putting assembly constraints on part models. The concrete assembly process of sending mechanism and the whole shearing machine is finished. Moreover, the optimization of floating shelf aiming at eliminating the interference between sliding block and poles is studied as a highlight of this paper.
The transfer of 3D model of clamp assembly and whole sending mechanism from PRO/E to ADAMS and their dynamic simulation and corresponding analysis in ADAMS are realized, which lays a foundation of the optimization of the sending mechanism of the precision shearing machine.
引文
1．刘锡锋，董黎敏 主编 机械CAD-Pro／E应用及开发 机械工业出版社 2002．6
2．赵汝嘉，殷国富 主编CAD／CAM实用系统开发指南 机械工业出版社 2002．1
3．陈定方，罗亚波 等著 虚拟设计 机械工业出版社 2002．10
4．隋明阳 主编 机械设计基础 机械工业出版社 2002．2
5．康凤举 主编 现代仿真技术与应用 国防工业出版社 2001．9
6．郑建荣 编著 ADAMS——虚拟样机技术入门与提高 机械工业出版社 2002．1
7．苏厚合 黄俊贤 编著Pro／ENGINEER 2001入门指南 人民邮电出版社 2002．5
8．张沛欣 裴建昌 编著Pro／ENGINEER 2001高级攻略 人民邮电出版社 2002．5
9．(德)施普尔，克劳舍著 宁汝新 等译 虚拟产品开发技术 机械工业出版社 2000．5
10．侯运丰，棒料无切口应力法剪切技术研究．甘肃工业大学硕士毕业论文．1997．5
11．王军辉，产品的虚拟装配过程——在Pro／ENGINEER下的实现 南京理工大学硕士毕业论文．2001，12
12．刘义翔等，应用ADAMS软件对点焊机器人大臂机构进行动力学仿真研究 哈尔滨商业大学学报 2001．9
13．郭旭伟 王知行 基于ADAMS的并联机床运动学和动力学仿真 中国制造业信息化2003．7
14．王志华 陈翠英 基于ADAMS的联合收割机振动筛虚拟设计 农业机械学报 2003．7
15．吴森 等 基于虚拟样机技术的自卸车举升机构仿真与优化 武汉理工大学学报 信息与管理工程版 2003．6
16．唐罗生 等 复杂零件产品虚拟开发技术研究 国防科技大学学报 1997．12
17．宁汝新 姚君 面向产品全生命周期的虚拟产品开发技术 中国机械工程 2000．2
18．翁辛华 等 虚拟现实技术在制造业中的应用 制造及自动化
19．周克栋 复杂机械的虚拟样机技术 南京理工大学硕士毕业论文 2001，12
20．杨艳芳 基于特征的参数化建模方法研究与实践 武汉理工大学 2002
21．东北大学硕士论文 基于PRO／E的阀门仿真设计系统
22. Leach, Geoff. Advances in modlecular CAD, Institute of physics Publishing Ltd, 1996
23. Padalino, Anthony. CAD/CAM system and their integration in model design, Soc of plastic engineers Broobfield, 1996, 10; 124-128
24. Altonen, Markku. Computer aided calculation, New York, 1997.7
25. Maltonen,Jhama, CAD model based system for object recognition. Kluwer Academic Publisers Dordrecht, 1997, 8:76-80
26. Chetan Shukla, Michelle Vazquez, Chen F Frank, Virtual manufacturing: an overview. computer Ind Engng, 1996, 31(1/2): 79-82
27. Sankar Jayaram, Hugh Iconnacher and Kevin Wlyons. Virtual Assembly using virtual reality techniques. Computer-Aided Design, Vol.29, No.8 pp.575～584
28. Mark R Mine. A Meta-CAD System for Virtual environment Computer-Aided Design, Vol.29, No.8 pp.547～553
29. C.K.Chua and S.H. Teh, R.K.L.Gay. Rapid prototyping Versus Virtual Prototyping in Product Design and Manufacturing. Advanced manufacturing Technology. 1999, 15:597～603
30. Christopher Johnson , Steven G. Parker, Charles Hansen, Gordon L Kindlmann, Yarden livant. Interactive Simulation and Visualization. Cover Feature, December 1999
31. Mark R Mine. A Meta-CAD System for Virtual environment, Computer Aided Design.Vol.29, No.8:575-584
32. Susan L.Albin and Peter J. Crefeld Ⅲ. Getting Started: Concurrent Engineering for a Medium-Sized Manufacturer. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, Volume 13/No. 1
33．李有堂，郎福元等，应力法剪切下料的若干问题，机械工程学报 1993．9
34．赵邦戟，魏庆同等，裂纹技术的基本原理与应用研究进展，力学进展 1988．8
35．北京理工大学博士学位论文，虚拟装配理论与方法研究，2002
36．杜仲华，狄长春等，ADAMS的若干实用技巧，机械与电子 2002．3
37．陈德人，“虚拟制造”创新产品设计—从CAD发展历程展望二十一世纪的CAD技术，中国计算机报
38．贾长治，王兴贵，虚拟样机在装备仿真中的应用 机械设计与制造工程 2002．3
39．肖弦，唐卫东，Pro／ENGINEER环境下基于TOP-DOWN思想的切割装置设计，制造业信息化 2002．3
40．高兆发，华顺刚等，Pro／ENGINEER特征造型分析与应用，1999．8
2．赵汝嘉，殷国富 主编CAD／CAM实用系统开发指南 机械工业出版社 2002．1
3．陈定方，罗亚波 等著 虚拟设计 机械工业出版社 2002．10
4．隋明阳 主编 机械设计基础 机械工业出版社 2002．2
5．康凤举 主编 现代仿真技术与应用 国防工业出版社 2001．9
6．郑建荣 编著 ADAMS——虚拟样机技术入门与提高 机械工业出版社 2002．1
7．苏厚合 黄俊贤 编著Pro／ENGINEER 2001入门指南 人民邮电出版社 2002．5
8．张沛欣 裴建昌 编著Pro／ENGINEER 2001高级攻略 人民邮电出版社 2002．5
9．(德)施普尔，克劳舍著 宁汝新 等译 虚拟产品开发技术 机械工业出版社 2000．5
10．侯运丰，棒料无切口应力法剪切技术研究．甘肃工业大学硕士毕业论文．1997．5
11．王军辉，产品的虚拟装配过程——在Pro／ENGINEER下的实现 南京理工大学硕士毕业论文．2001，12
12．刘义翔等，应用ADAMS软件对点焊机器人大臂机构进行动力学仿真研究 哈尔滨商业大学学报 2001．9
13．郭旭伟 王知行 基于ADAMS的并联机床运动学和动力学仿真 中国制造业信息化2003．7
14．王志华 陈翠英 基于ADAMS的联合收割机振动筛虚拟设计 农业机械学报 2003．7
15．吴森 等 基于虚拟样机技术的自卸车举升机构仿真与优化 武汉理工大学学报 信息与管理工程版 2003．6
16．唐罗生 等 复杂零件产品虚拟开发技术研究 国防科技大学学报 1997．12
17．宁汝新 姚君 面向产品全生命周期的虚拟产品开发技术 中国机械工程 2000．2
18．翁辛华 等 虚拟现实技术在制造业中的应用 制造及自动化
19．周克栋 复杂机械的虚拟样机技术 南京理工大学硕士毕业论文 2001，12
20．杨艳芳 基于特征的参数化建模方法研究与实践 武汉理工大学 2002
21．东北大学硕士论文 基于PRO／E的阀门仿真设计系统
22. Leach, Geoff. Advances in modlecular CAD, Institute of physics Publishing Ltd, 1996
23. Padalino, Anthony. CAD/CAM system and their integration in model design, Soc of plastic engineers Broobfield, 1996, 10; 124-128
24. Altonen, Markku. Computer aided calculation, New York, 1997.7
25. Maltonen,Jhama, CAD model based system for object recognition. Kluwer Academic Publisers Dordrecht, 1997, 8:76-80
26. Chetan Shukla, Michelle Vazquez, Chen F Frank, Virtual manufacturing: an overview. computer Ind Engng, 1996, 31(1/2): 79-82
27. Sankar Jayaram, Hugh Iconnacher and Kevin Wlyons. Virtual Assembly using virtual reality techniques. Computer-Aided Design, Vol.29, No.8 pp.575～584
28. Mark R Mine. A Meta-CAD System for Virtual environment Computer-Aided Design, Vol.29, No.8 pp.547～553
29. C.K.Chua and S.H. Teh, R.K.L.Gay. Rapid prototyping Versus Virtual Prototyping in Product Design and Manufacturing. Advanced manufacturing Technology. 1999, 15:597～603
30. Christopher Johnson , Steven G. Parker, Charles Hansen, Gordon L Kindlmann, Yarden livant. Interactive Simulation and Visualization. Cover Feature, December 1999
31. Mark R Mine. A Meta-CAD System for Virtual environment, Computer Aided Design.Vol.29, No.8:575-584
32. Susan L.Albin and Peter J. Crefeld Ⅲ. Getting Started: Concurrent Engineering for a Medium-Sized Manufacturer. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, Volume 13/No. 1
33．李有堂，郎福元等，应力法剪切下料的若干问题，机械工程学报 1993．9
34．赵邦戟，魏庆同等，裂纹技术的基本原理与应用研究进展，力学进展 1988．8
35．北京理工大学博士学位论文，虚拟装配理论与方法研究，2002
36．杜仲华，狄长春等，ADAMS的若干实用技巧，机械与电子 2002．3
37．陈德人，“虚拟制造”创新产品设计—从CAD发展历程展望二十一世纪的CAD技术，中国计算机报
38．贾长治，王兴贵，虚拟样机在装备仿真中的应用 机械设计与制造工程 2002．3
39．肖弦，唐卫东，Pro／ENGINEER环境下基于TOP-DOWN思想的切割装置设计，制造业信息化 2002．3
40．高兆发，华顺刚等，Pro／ENGINEER特征造型分析与应用，1999．8