钢铁集团生产物资供应管理系统研究及应用
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摘要
随着经济环境的变化,市场竞争加剧,传统的物资供应管理方法在提高钢铁制造业物资供应效率、降低供应成本等方面无法适应新的形势,迫使人们不得不从新的视角来审视钢铁制造业现行的物资供应管理系统,为钢铁制造业物资供应管理创新带来机遇。基于以上原因,分析了国内外钢铁企业物资供应管理研究与应用中存在的问题。以东北特钢集团物资供应管理实践为背景,应用全面、系统的管理思想,研究了钢铁制造业物资供应流程,指出物资供应流程中主要因素,并进行深入研究。主要研究工作如下:
首先,全面系统的研究了钢铁集团物资供应管理流程,指出物资供应管理中的关键因素,即生产物资需求计划研究、采购分组采购策略研究和协同库存控制研究,为后续研究指明了方向。
其次,以工艺路线及排产量为依据,建立了从原材料、半成品、到产成品过程中各作业工序与物料消耗关系的消耗链关系模型;以消耗链关系模型为基础,应用投入产出法,给出面向消耗链中各工序的原料需求供应计划量,从而形成了面向生产全过程的钢铁生产物料需求计划。最后,借助于企业的实际数据,给出了实证研究。
然后,针对钢铁行业提出了一种基于卡拉杰克模型的动态采购物资分组方法及采购策略。该采购分组方法借鉴卡拉杰克二维模型思想,对采购物资的利润影响程度和供应风险程度进行分析,建立起钢铁行业采购物资的卡拉杰克模型,利用多层次模糊综合评判方法,对采购物资进行分组定位,最终获得不同类别物资的供应属性与采购策略匹配关系。在企业中的应用表明了该方法的科学性。
接下来从钢铁集团的整体经济效益出发,以实现集团生产库存资源优化配置、子公司之间库存资源协同共享为目的,提出钢铁集团生产物资协同库存控制模型。该协同库存控制模型把集团各子公司仓库和战略供应商作为整体逻辑库存,以集团整体供应成本和供货价值为目标,并在满足供货能力和需求平衡等约束下,利用ANP及遗传算法整合的方法,解决了仓库选择及供货量分配的最佳匹配关系求解问题。实例研究表明了该模型的有效性与实用性。
最后,将研究成果与信息技术集成运用,提出了物资供应管理支持系统的体系结构,并建立了相应的功能模型、信息模型,给出了面向对象的用例分析、流程分析及组件设计方法。并将物资供应管理支持系统在东北特钢集团成功应用,取得了良好效果。
针对生产物资供应管理系统以及支持系统的研究,有利于推动钢铁制造业物资供应管理理论与实践的发展,对现阶段我国钢铁制造业具有重要的意义。
With the development of economy and fiercer competition, traditional supply management method becomes weak in promoting efficiency and reducing the cost of supply for steel industry, while it is an opportunity to the innovation of steel industry supply management. Therefore, the current problems of the research and application of supply management in steel industry are analyzed. Under the background of application in DongTe Special Steel Group, the dissertation analyses the process of supply for steel industry, points out the key factors of the supply and studies implementation techniques for promoting efficiency in-depth way. The major research results include the following:
First, on the basis of a systematic study of supply process, the flow of supply is put forward. The key factors were pointed out, that is raw material requirement planning, purchasing portfolio and purchasing strategy, and cooperative inventory control.
Secondly, according to process route and scheduling quantity, the consumer chain relationship model is proposed, which establish the material consumer relationship in every working procedure from raw materiaK semi-manufactured goods to finished goods. Based on consumer chain relationship model and using input-output principle, raw materal requirement supply planning quantity in every working procedure facing to consumer chain is presented. Consequently, the steel production material requirement planning facing to production whole process is formed. Empirical study is given according to enterprise data finally.
Then, a purchasing portfolio approach for steel industry based on Kraljic model is proposed. On this basis, the purchasing strategy is studied. Based on the Kraljic planar model, analyzing the profit impact and supply risk degree of purchasing item, the steel industry purchasing item Kraljic model is established. This model has grouping purchasing item and its purchasing strategy by using of the method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. The application of this approach in a steel group indicates its validity and practicability.
Next, a production material cooperative inventory control model in steel enterprise group is proposed in order to improve the economic efficiency of steel enterprise group in our country, achieve the optimized allocation of productive resources in the whole enterprise group and share the inventory resources cooperatively in subsidiaries. In this model, all storages in subsidiaries and strategic suppliers had been taken as a whole logic inventory, and an integrated approach of analytic network process (ANP) and genetic algorithm is used in choosing the best storages and defining the optimum quantities among selected storages to minimize the cost of supplying and maximize the total value of supplying. The application of this model in a Dong-bei steel enterprise group shows that this model and its algorithm are valid and feasible.
At last, based on achievements in this paper and information technology, the production material supply management support system framework is presented and function model and information model are set up. Object-oriented use case analysis, process analysis and component design are studied. Good effect is achieved through the implementation of the support system within the enterprise.
The production material supply management system and its knowledge support system research are in favor of promoting development of steel industry management theory and practice, which has important significance to steel industry at present.
首先,全面系统的研究了钢铁集团物资供应管理流程,指出物资供应管理中的关键因素,即生产物资需求计划研究、采购分组采购策略研究和协同库存控制研究,为后续研究指明了方向。
其次,以工艺路线及排产量为依据,建立了从原材料、半成品、到产成品过程中各作业工序与物料消耗关系的消耗链关系模型;以消耗链关系模型为基础,应用投入产出法,给出面向消耗链中各工序的原料需求供应计划量,从而形成了面向生产全过程的钢铁生产物料需求计划。最后,借助于企业的实际数据,给出了实证研究。
然后,针对钢铁行业提出了一种基于卡拉杰克模型的动态采购物资分组方法及采购策略。该采购分组方法借鉴卡拉杰克二维模型思想,对采购物资的利润影响程度和供应风险程度进行分析,建立起钢铁行业采购物资的卡拉杰克模型,利用多层次模糊综合评判方法,对采购物资进行分组定位,最终获得不同类别物资的供应属性与采购策略匹配关系。在企业中的应用表明了该方法的科学性。
接下来从钢铁集团的整体经济效益出发,以实现集团生产库存资源优化配置、子公司之间库存资源协同共享为目的,提出钢铁集团生产物资协同库存控制模型。该协同库存控制模型把集团各子公司仓库和战略供应商作为整体逻辑库存,以集团整体供应成本和供货价值为目标,并在满足供货能力和需求平衡等约束下,利用ANP及遗传算法整合的方法,解决了仓库选择及供货量分配的最佳匹配关系求解问题。实例研究表明了该模型的有效性与实用性。
最后,将研究成果与信息技术集成运用,提出了物资供应管理支持系统的体系结构,并建立了相应的功能模型、信息模型,给出了面向对象的用例分析、流程分析及组件设计方法。并将物资供应管理支持系统在东北特钢集团成功应用,取得了良好效果。
针对生产物资供应管理系统以及支持系统的研究,有利于推动钢铁制造业物资供应管理理论与实践的发展,对现阶段我国钢铁制造业具有重要的意义。
With the development of economy and fiercer competition, traditional supply management method becomes weak in promoting efficiency and reducing the cost of supply for steel industry, while it is an opportunity to the innovation of steel industry supply management. Therefore, the current problems of the research and application of supply management in steel industry are analyzed. Under the background of application in DongTe Special Steel Group, the dissertation analyses the process of supply for steel industry, points out the key factors of the supply and studies implementation techniques for promoting efficiency in-depth way. The major research results include the following:
First, on the basis of a systematic study of supply process, the flow of supply is put forward. The key factors were pointed out, that is raw material requirement planning, purchasing portfolio and purchasing strategy, and cooperative inventory control.
Secondly, according to process route and scheduling quantity, the consumer chain relationship model is proposed, which establish the material consumer relationship in every working procedure from raw materiaK semi-manufactured goods to finished goods. Based on consumer chain relationship model and using input-output principle, raw materal requirement supply planning quantity in every working procedure facing to consumer chain is presented. Consequently, the steel production material requirement planning facing to production whole process is formed. Empirical study is given according to enterprise data finally.
Then, a purchasing portfolio approach for steel industry based on Kraljic model is proposed. On this basis, the purchasing strategy is studied. Based on the Kraljic planar model, analyzing the profit impact and supply risk degree of purchasing item, the steel industry purchasing item Kraljic model is established. This model has grouping purchasing item and its purchasing strategy by using of the method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. The application of this approach in a steel group indicates its validity and practicability.
Next, a production material cooperative inventory control model in steel enterprise group is proposed in order to improve the economic efficiency of steel enterprise group in our country, achieve the optimized allocation of productive resources in the whole enterprise group and share the inventory resources cooperatively in subsidiaries. In this model, all storages in subsidiaries and strategic suppliers had been taken as a whole logic inventory, and an integrated approach of analytic network process (ANP) and genetic algorithm is used in choosing the best storages and defining the optimum quantities among selected storages to minimize the cost of supplying and maximize the total value of supplying. The application of this model in a Dong-bei steel enterprise group shows that this model and its algorithm are valid and feasible.
At last, based on achievements in this paper and information technology, the production material supply management support system framework is presented and function model and information model are set up. Object-oriented use case analysis, process analysis and component design are studied. Good effect is achieved through the implementation of the support system within the enterprise.
The production material supply management system and its knowledge support system research are in favor of promoting development of steel industry management theory and practice, which has important significance to steel industry at present.
引文
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