氮气泡沫驱机理研究及实验
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摘要
氮气泡沫驱是非均质油藏开发中后期提高采收率的有效途径,近年来进行了一系列研究和现场试验,但在泡沫渗流机理、影响因素分析以及适应性评价方面还有待深入研究,是一种处于发展阶段的三次采油技术。因此,进一步完善氮气泡沫驱技术,对其适应性进行系统分析,对于提高氮气泡沫驱应用水平具有重要作用。论文根据氮气泡沫渗流机理,提出将反映起泡剂起泡能力和稳定性的综合性能的泡沫综合值作为主要参数,用于氮气泡沫驱用起泡剂的筛选。通过室内实验,对油田常用起泡剂性能进行了评价,并进行了影响因素分析。系统研究了气液比、含油饱和度、渗透率对氮气泡沫渗流规律的影响,结果表明,含油饱和度是影响氮气泡沫渗流阻力的最主要因素,泡沫渗流阻力随着含油饱和度的升高而降低,剩余油分布规律决定了调驱过程中氮气泡沫的渗流规律,受此影响,地层非均质性的增加对泡沫调剖效果的影响较小。
Transfer of nitrogen bubbles drive the development of non-homogeneous reservoir in the latter half of the effective means of enhanced oil recovery, in recent years carried out a series of research and field trials, but the bubble percolation mechanism, influencing factors analysis and evaluation have yet to be adaptive in-depth study, is a stage in the development of the tertiary oil recovery technology. Therefore, to further improve the transfer of nitrogen bubbles drive technology, its adaptability to system analysis, adjusted for the drive to improve the application of nitrogen level of the bubble plays an important role. Thesis of nitrogen bubbles in accordance with percolation mechanism, proposed to reflect the foaming agent foaming capacity and stability of the overall performance of the foam as the main parameters of the integrated value. Drive for the transfer of nitrogen bubbles foaming agent with the filter. Through the indoor experiments, foaming agent commonly used on the field performance evaluation, and analysis of the influencing factors. System of a gas-liquid ratio, oil saturation, the nitrogen permeability of the impact of the law of the bubble flow, results show that the oil saturation is the impact of nitrogen bubbles the most important factor in resistance to flow, foam flow resistance with the increase of oil saturation and reduce the residual oil distribution in the decision process of the transfer drive the flow of nitrogen bubble law, by the impact of the heterogeneity of the formation to increase the effect of the bubble profile is less affected.
Transfer of nitrogen bubbles drive the development of non-homogeneous reservoir in the latter half of the effective means of enhanced oil recovery, in recent years carried out a series of research and field trials, but the bubble percolation mechanism, influencing factors analysis and evaluation have yet to be adaptive in-depth study, is a stage in the development of the tertiary oil recovery technology. Therefore, to further improve the transfer of nitrogen bubbles drive technology, its adaptability to system analysis, adjusted for the drive to improve the application of nitrogen level of the bubble plays an important role. Thesis of nitrogen bubbles in accordance with percolation mechanism, proposed to reflect the foaming agent foaming capacity and stability of the overall performance of the foam as the main parameters of the integrated value. Drive for the transfer of nitrogen bubbles foaming agent with the filter. Through the indoor experiments, foaming agent commonly used on the field performance evaluation, and analysis of the influencing factors. System of a gas-liquid ratio, oil saturation, the nitrogen permeability of the impact of the law of the bubble flow, results show that the oil saturation is the impact of nitrogen bubbles the most important factor in resistance to flow, foam flow resistance with the increase of oil saturation and reduce the residual oil distribution in the decision process of the transfer drive the flow of nitrogen bubble law, by the impact of the heterogeneity of the formation to increase the effect of the bubble profile is less affected.
引文
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[37]蔺玉秋,石忠仁,姚玉林.稠油油藏热采过程油层动用程度的确定[J].大庆石油地质与开发.1996 15 ( 3): 57-58.
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[40]张锐.稠油热采技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999.
[41]张朝探.稠油蒸汽驱[M].北京:石油工业部利学技术情报研究所,1987.
[42]李献民.中家尔热采稠油油藏[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999.
[2]杨普华.提高采收率研究的现状及近期发展方向[J].油气采收率技术,1999,6(4):1~5.
[3]陈月明.注蒸汽热力采油[M].山东东营:石油大学出版社,1996,87~90.
[4]冈秦麟.论我国的三次采油技术[J].油气采收率技术,1998,5(4):1~7.
[5]侯健.提高原油采收率潜力预测方法[M].山东东营:中国石油大学出版社,2007,52~60.
[6]陈铁龙.三次采油概论[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2000,48~53.
[7]刘泽凯,闽家华.泡沫驱油在胜利油田的应用[J].油气采收率技术,1996,3(3):23~29.
[8]王增林.强化泡沫驱提高原油采收率技术[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,2007,78~82.
[9]廖广志,李立众,孔繁华等.常规泡沫驱油技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999,69~75.
[10]张贤松,王其伟,隗合莲.聚合物强化泡沫复合驱油体系试验研究[J].石油天然气学报,2006,28(2):137~138,160.
[11]付继彤,张莉,尹德江等.强化泡沫的封堵调剖性能及矿场试验[J].油气地质与采收率,2005,12(5):47~49.
[12]程浩.张文亮.贺艳梅.泡沫驱数值模拟进展[J].断块油气田,2000,7(5):52~57.
[13]张彦庆,刘宇,钱昱,泡沫复合驱注入方式、段塞优化及矿场试验研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2001,2:49~52.
[14]叶仲斌,魏发林,罗平亚,泡沫增效三元复合驱油体系渗流行为研究[J].西南石油学院学报,2002,8:59~63.
[15] Taber,J.Martin,F.D.Seright,R.S.EOR Screening Criteria Revisited-Part 1:Introduction to Screening Criteria and Enhanced Recovery Field Projects[J].SPE Reserv.Eng.1997,Aug:189-198.
[16] Taber,J.J.Martin,F.D.Seright,R.S.EOR Screening Criteria Revisited Part 2:Application and Impact of Oil Prices[J].SPE Reserv.Eng.1997,Aug:199-205.
[17] Fried,A.N.The Foam-Drive Process for Increasing the Recovery of Oil.USBM1961:158-168.
[18] Friedmann,Francois,Chen,W.H.,Gauglitz,P.A..Experimental and Simulation Study of High_Temperature Foam Displacementin Porous Media.SPE17357.
[19] Chang S_H.etal.The Effect of Microscopic Heterogeneity on CO2_Foam Mobility:Part2_Mechanistic Foam Simulation.SPE/DOE 20191.
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[23]伍晓林,陈广宇,张国印.泡沫复合体系配方研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2000.19(3):27-25.
[24]钱呈,张思富,吴军政,等.泡沫复合驱泡沫稳定性及影响因素研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发2001,20(2);33-35.
[25]任文化,牛井岗,张宇,等.杏二区西部三元复合驱试验效果与认识[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2001,20(2):117-113.
[26]曹锡秋,隋新光,杨晓明,等,对北一断西三元复合驱若干问题的认识[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2001.20(2):111-113.
[27]洪冀春,王凤兰.刘奕.等.三元复合驱乳化及其对油井产能的影响[J].大庆石油地质与开发.2001.20(2):23一25.
[28]张思富.贾忠盛,杜兴家,等.大庆油田注天然气非混相驱矿场试验研究[J].油气采收率技术.1998.5(1):31-35.
[29]贾忠盛,潘严富,王滨玉.大庆油田烃气非混相驱矿场试验[J]石油勘探与开发.199 7 .24(1) :39-41.
[30]万里平,孟英峰,杨龙,等.泡沫缓蚀机理研究[J].天然气工业,2005, 25(6): 56-58.
[31]李农,部友军.适川于深井高温高矿化度新型泡沫排水剂研制和应用[J].天然气工业,2003, 23 ( 6) : 159-160.
[32]张思富,廖广志,张彦庆,等.大庆油田泡沫复合驱先导性矿场试验[J].石油学报,2001, 22(1) : 49-53.
[33]赵氏久,杨振宇,么世椿等.萨北油田北二区泡沫复合驱矿场试验[J].油气地质与采收率,2003, 10( 1) : 58-59.
[33]需占祥.姜汉桥.陈月明.等.稠油蒸汽吞吐开采过程中焖井压降解释研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发.2006 25 ( 4): 92-95.
[34]穆芫.朝阳沟油田蒸汽吞吐防膨预处理研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发.2006 25 ( 4): 80-81.
[35]邵先杰.河南油田低品位稠油油藏蒸汽吞吐后进步提高采收率研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发.2005, 24 ( 6): 84-86.
[36]艾敬旭,工卫红,工经荣.蒸汽吞吐井注采参数优化设计[J].大庆石油地质与开发.2004, 23 ( 1) : 64-66.
[37]蔺玉秋,石忠仁,姚玉林.稠油油藏热采过程油层动用程度的确定[J].大庆石油地质与开发.1996 15 ( 3): 57-58.
[38]韩军.葡北稀油油田油藏蒸汽驱现场试验研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发.2005 24 (5): 84-86.
[39]刘文章.稠油注蒸汽热采工程[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997.
[40]张锐.稠油热采技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999.
[41]张朝探.稠油蒸汽驱[M].北京:石油工业部利学技术情报研究所,1987.
[42]李献民.中家尔热采稠油油藏[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999.