纤维增强呋喃树脂混凝土的力学性能研究
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摘要
树脂混凝土是一种新型的高效多功能材料，由于它具有高强、高抗滲、耐腐蚀、耐磨耗、电绝缘和快硬化等优点。因此，在建筑工程、水利工程、道路工程等具有广阔的应用前景。由于它具有良好的耐腐蚀性能，是目前国内外防腐蚀工程中使用效果较好的主要材料之一。到目前为止，树脂混凝土已经在防腐蚀整体地面、设备沟槽等工程中得到广泛的使用。但是，与普通水泥混凝土一样，树脂混凝土的拉、压强度比比较低，研究采用有效的方法改善树脂混凝土的抗拉性能具有重要的理论与实际意义。
本文首先应用应力传递理论、纤维间距理论和复合材料机理对短纤维增强树脂混凝土的增强机理进行了初步分析；然后，在呋喃树脂混凝土(砂浆)中加入杜拉纤维，对其力学性能进行了研究。研究确定呋喃树脂混凝土的配方后，加入不同含量、不同长度的杜拉纤维，通过对其力学性能(抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度、抗折强度)的测试，确定杜拉纤维的合适长度和最佳掺量；在呋喃树脂砂浆中加入不同含量、同一长度的杜拉纤维，通过其力学性能的测试，确定杜拉纤维的最佳掺量，探索了杜拉纤维增强呋喃树脂混凝土(砂浆)的破坏机理。最后，为改善杜拉纤维与呋喃树脂砂浆的界面粘结性能，采用杜拉纤维用不同的硅烷偶联剂处理后再加入到呋喃树脂砂浆中，测试其力学性能。同时，对硅烷偶联剂的作用机理进行了初步分析。结果表明：在呋喃树脂混凝土(砂浆)中加入杜拉纤维，可提高其抗拉强度、抗折强度和冲击韧性；经硅烷偶联剂WD-60处理后的杜拉纤维对其抗拉强度、抗折强度有大幅度提高。本课题的研究对于提高树脂混凝土(砂浆)及其结构的力学性能和耐腐蚀性能、拓展树脂混凝土的应用范围具有重要的理论与实际意义。
Polymers concrete has been identified as a newly multifunctional material due to its high strength, high anti-permeability, and anti-corrosion, nonconductive and harden fast properties. It has expansive application foreground in construct engineering, irrigation works and civil engineering. Since its predominant anti-erosion, polymer concrete is one of efficient materials, which are used in anti-erosion engineering in and out of the country. Up to now, polymer concrete has been increasingly used in some engineering, such as anti-erosion monolithic floor and equipment groove. However, as same as plain concrete, the ratio of polymer concrete's tensile strength and its compressive strength is very small. Hence, it is significant in theory and practice to research an effective way to improve the tensile strength of polymer concrete.
In this paper, the strengthen mechanism of fiber chop was firstly analyzed based on stress transfer theory, fiber space theory and composite mechanism of fiber reinforced polymer concrete was studied, an then the mechanical properties of the polymer concrete was studied, which was mixed with Durafiber. After determined the proportion of furan resin concrete, it mixed with Durafiber of vary content and vary length, then the most fitting length and proportion of Durafiber were determined by testing its mechanical properties (compressive strength, tensile strength and bending strength). The mechanical properties of furan polymer mortar were tested also, which is mixed with Durafiber of changeless length and vary content, and the most fitting content of Durafiber was determined. At last, in order to improve the interfacial bond strength, Durafiber pretreated by variable silane coupling agents
were mixed into furan polymer mortar, then make its mechanic properties testing. The results show that the tensile strength and rupture strength of furan polymer concrete were improved when the Durafiber was used; and Durafiber pretreated by WD-60 silane coupling agent can enhance the strengths(the tensile strength, rupture strength and impact toughness) greatly,. All of this is significant in theory and practice to improve mechanic and anti-corrosion properties of polymer concrete and its structure, and expand its use range.
本文首先应用应力传递理论、纤维间距理论和复合材料机理对短纤维增强树脂混凝土的增强机理进行了初步分析；然后，在呋喃树脂混凝土(砂浆)中加入杜拉纤维，对其力学性能进行了研究。研究确定呋喃树脂混凝土的配方后，加入不同含量、不同长度的杜拉纤维，通过对其力学性能(抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度、抗折强度)的测试，确定杜拉纤维的合适长度和最佳掺量；在呋喃树脂砂浆中加入不同含量、同一长度的杜拉纤维，通过其力学性能的测试，确定杜拉纤维的最佳掺量，探索了杜拉纤维增强呋喃树脂混凝土(砂浆)的破坏机理。最后，为改善杜拉纤维与呋喃树脂砂浆的界面粘结性能，采用杜拉纤维用不同的硅烷偶联剂处理后再加入到呋喃树脂砂浆中，测试其力学性能。同时，对硅烷偶联剂的作用机理进行了初步分析。结果表明：在呋喃树脂混凝土(砂浆)中加入杜拉纤维，可提高其抗拉强度、抗折强度和冲击韧性；经硅烷偶联剂WD-60处理后的杜拉纤维对其抗拉强度、抗折强度有大幅度提高。本课题的研究对于提高树脂混凝土(砂浆)及其结构的力学性能和耐腐蚀性能、拓展树脂混凝土的应用范围具有重要的理论与实际意义。
Polymers concrete has been identified as a newly multifunctional material due to its high strength, high anti-permeability, and anti-corrosion, nonconductive and harden fast properties. It has expansive application foreground in construct engineering, irrigation works and civil engineering. Since its predominant anti-erosion, polymer concrete is one of efficient materials, which are used in anti-erosion engineering in and out of the country. Up to now, polymer concrete has been increasingly used in some engineering, such as anti-erosion monolithic floor and equipment groove. However, as same as plain concrete, the ratio of polymer concrete's tensile strength and its compressive strength is very small. Hence, it is significant in theory and practice to research an effective way to improve the tensile strength of polymer concrete.
In this paper, the strengthen mechanism of fiber chop was firstly analyzed based on stress transfer theory, fiber space theory and composite mechanism of fiber reinforced polymer concrete was studied, an then the mechanical properties of the polymer concrete was studied, which was mixed with Durafiber. After determined the proportion of furan resin concrete, it mixed with Durafiber of vary content and vary length, then the most fitting length and proportion of Durafiber were determined by testing its mechanical properties (compressive strength, tensile strength and bending strength). The mechanical properties of furan polymer mortar were tested also, which is mixed with Durafiber of changeless length and vary content, and the most fitting content of Durafiber was determined. At last, in order to improve the interfacial bond strength, Durafiber pretreated by variable silane coupling agents
were mixed into furan polymer mortar, then make its mechanic properties testing. The results show that the tensile strength and rupture strength of furan polymer concrete were improved when the Durafiber was used; and Durafiber pretreated by WD-60 silane coupling agent can enhance the strengths(the tensile strength, rupture strength and impact toughness) greatly,. All of this is significant in theory and practice to improve mechanic and anti-corrosion properties of polymer concrete and its structure, and expand its use range.
引文
[1] 张信鹏、王德森．耐腐蚀混凝土．化学工业出版社，1989．
[2] Liang, N. :Untersuchungen uber mit Elastomeren mozifizierte Zemente. Dissertation, TU Claustal, 1991.
[3] 梁乃兴．聚合物改性水泥混凝土的发展与展望．公路，1996年第四期．
[4] D. Y. Lee, F.W. Klaiber. New horizons in construction materials. ENVO publishing CO. , Lehigh Valley, 1976.
[5] L.E. Knkacka, J. Fontana. Polymer concrete patching materials final report. Volome Ⅱ U.S. Department of transportation federal highway administration offices of research and development, 1977.
[6] Ohama, Y.: Polymer modified mortars and concretes. Concretes Admixtures Handbook, Edited by Romachandran V. S., Noyes Publications, Partk Ridge, New Jersey USA, 1984.
[7] Ohama, Y.: Principle of latex modifications and some typical properties of Latex modified mortars and concretes. ACI Materials Journal. Nov.-Dec. 1987. S.511-518.
[8] 买淑芳编著，混凝土聚合物复合材料及其应用。科学技术文献出版社，1996。
[9] 黄其兴编译，电解车间用聚合物混凝土作耐酸设备。有色冶金，Vol．28 No．6．1999年12月。
[10] 余波、张金岱，XLZ型呋喃树脂及其应用。腐蚀与防护，Vol．20 No．2．1999年2月。
[11] 曹诚，刘家彬．聚丙烯纤维对混凝土动力学特性的影响研究．混凝土．2000年第5期．
[12] 朱江，苏健波，李士恩．聚丙烯纤维混凝土的力学性能研究．．广西工学院学报．．第11卷第2期，2000年6月．
[13] 苏晓薇，刘丽英．聚丙烯纤维混凝土的试验研究．吉林水利．2002年第3期．
[14] 李光伟．聚丙烯纤维对混凝土抗裂性能的影响．水电站设计．2002年6月第18卷第2期．
[15] 王成启，吴科如．不同弹性模量的纤维对高强混凝土力学性能的影响．混凝土与水泥制品．2002年第3期．
[16] 朱江．聚丙烯纤维混凝土的技术性能及其应用．新型建筑材料，2000年第2期．
[17] 谷章昭、倪梦象、樊均、邓咏梅．合成纤维混凝土性能及其工程应用．建筑材料学报，1999年第2期．
[18] 苏健波、李士恩．杜拉纤维增强混凝土的力学性能研究．广东土木建筑，2000年第1期．
[19] Sydney Furtan Jr. & Joao Bentode Hannai. Shear behavior of fiber reinforced concrete beams. Cement and Concrete Composites, 19(1997) 359-366.
[20] G.D. Manolis, P.J. Gareis, A.D. Tsonos, J.A. Neal. Dynamic properties of polypropylene fiber-reinforced concrete slabs. Cement and Concrete Composites, 19(1997) 341-349.
[21] 敬松，树脂混凝土。化工新型材料，1993年第7期。
[22] D. W. Fowler. Polymers in concrete:a vision for the 21st Century. Cement & concrete composites 21 (1999) 449-452.
[23] Yoshibiko Ohama, Recent progress in concrete-polymer composites. Advanced Cement Based Materials. 1997, 5; 31-40
[24] Lech Czarnecki, Andrzej Garbacz, Joanna Kurach. On the characterization of polymer concrete fracture surface. Cement & concrete Composites 23(2001)399-409.
[25] Moetaz M. El-Hawary, Hisham Abdel-Fattah. Temperature effect on the mechanical behavior of resin concrete. Construction and Building Materials 14(2000)317-323.
[26] Hisham Abdel-Fattah, Moetaz M. El-Hawary. Flexural behavior of polymer concrete. Construction and Building Materials 13(1999)253-262.
[27] Kae-Hwan kwak, Jae-Jung Rim. Fatigue strength in polymer-reinforced concrete beams under cyclic loading. Nuclear Engineering and Design 156(1995)63-73.
[28] O. Figovsky, D. Beilin, N. Blank, J. Potapov & V. Chernyshev. Development of polymer concrete with polybutadiene matrix. Cement and Concrete Composites 18(1996)437-444.
[29] Houssam A. Toutanji. Evaluation of the tensile strength of cement-based advanced composite wrapped specimens. Composites Science and Technology 59(1999)2261-2268.
[30] C.M.L. Tavares, M.C.S. Ribero, A.J.M. Ferreira, R.M. Guedes. Creep behaviour of FRP-reinforced polymer concrete. Composite Structures 57 (2002)47-51.
[31] R. Griffiths, A. Ball. An assessment of the properties and degradation behaviour of glass-fiber-reinforced polyester polymer concrete. Composites Science and Technology 60(2000)2747-2753.
[32] Saleh Hamed Alsayed. Flexural behavior of concrete beams reinforced with GFRP bars. Cement & Concrete Composites 20(1998)1-11.
[33] Amnon Katz, Neta Berman. Modeling the effect of high temperature on the bond of FRP reinforcing bars to concrete. Cement & concrete composites 22(2000)433-443.
[34] J. Q. Ye, Z. J. Wu. Micro-mechanical analysis of splitting failure in concrete reinforced with fiber reinforced plastic rods. Cement & concrete composites 22(2000)243-251.
[35] B. Tighiouart, B. Benmokrane, D. Gao. Investigation of bond in concrete member with fibre reinforced polymer(FRP)bars. Construction and Building Materials 12(1998)453-462.
[36] H. L. Cox. The Elasticity and Strength of Paper and Other Fibrous Materials. J. Mech. Phy. Solids, 1952. 3: p72-74
[37] 赵玉庭、姚希曾，复合材料基体与界面．华东化工学院出版社，1991．
[38] Romualdi, J. P., and Batson, G. B., Mechanics of crack arrest in concrete, Proceedings A.S.C.E., Vol. 89, No. EM3, June 1963, P147-168.
[39] 小林一辅(日)著，邹崇富译，广钟岩校，纤维补强混凝土。中国铁道出版社，1985。
[40] 纪午生、陈伟、张应立等，常用建筑材料实验手册。中国建筑工业出版社，1986。
[41] 田永兴，专用聚丙烯纤维在高性能混凝土工程中的应用。全国第二届高
性能混凝土学术研讨会论文集。1999年4月。
[42] 李恒德、肖纪美主编，材料表面与界面．清华大学出版社，1990．
[43] 谢建斌、何天淳、程赫亮，钢纤维混凝土界面粘结的研究．河南科学，Vol．20，No．6 Dec．2002．
[44] 潘冬、邢锋、康飞宇，碳纤维电化学表面处理对碳纤维水泥砂浆力学性能的影响．混凝土与水泥制品，2003年第1期．
[45] 吴国强，钢纤维聚合物水泥混凝土的力学性质．新型建筑材料，1994年第1期．
[46] 钱春香、陈世欣，纤维表面处理对复合材料力学性能的影响．高科技纤维与应用，Vol．28，No．3，Jun．2003．
[47] 胡福增、陈尤冷、吴叙勤，界面改性对玻纤增强聚丙烯弯曲强度的影响。功能高分子学报，Vol．7，No．3，Sep．1994．
[48] 黄承亚、龚克成、李红，改性聚丙烯纤维水泥基复合材料力学性能研究．混凝土与水泥制品，2001年第6期．
[49] 肖长发，纤维复合材料—纤维、基体、力学性能．北京：中国石化出版社，1995．
[50] 周祖福主编，复合材料学。武汉工业大学出版社，1995。
[2] Liang, N. :Untersuchungen uber mit Elastomeren mozifizierte Zemente. Dissertation, TU Claustal, 1991.
[3] 梁乃兴．聚合物改性水泥混凝土的发展与展望．公路，1996年第四期．
[4] D. Y. Lee, F.W. Klaiber. New horizons in construction materials. ENVO publishing CO. , Lehigh Valley, 1976.
[5] L.E. Knkacka, J. Fontana. Polymer concrete patching materials final report. Volome Ⅱ U.S. Department of transportation federal highway administration offices of research and development, 1977.
[6] Ohama, Y.: Polymer modified mortars and concretes. Concretes Admixtures Handbook, Edited by Romachandran V. S., Noyes Publications, Partk Ridge, New Jersey USA, 1984.
[7] Ohama, Y.: Principle of latex modifications and some typical properties of Latex modified mortars and concretes. ACI Materials Journal. Nov.-Dec. 1987. S.511-518.
[8] 买淑芳编著，混凝土聚合物复合材料及其应用。科学技术文献出版社，1996。
[9] 黄其兴编译，电解车间用聚合物混凝土作耐酸设备。有色冶金，Vol．28 No．6．1999年12月。
[10] 余波、张金岱，XLZ型呋喃树脂及其应用。腐蚀与防护，Vol．20 No．2．1999年2月。
[11] 曹诚，刘家彬．聚丙烯纤维对混凝土动力学特性的影响研究．混凝土．2000年第5期．
[12] 朱江，苏健波，李士恩．聚丙烯纤维混凝土的力学性能研究．．广西工学院学报．．第11卷第2期，2000年6月．
[13] 苏晓薇，刘丽英．聚丙烯纤维混凝土的试验研究．吉林水利．2002年第3期．
[14] 李光伟．聚丙烯纤维对混凝土抗裂性能的影响．水电站设计．2002年6月第18卷第2期．
[15] 王成启，吴科如．不同弹性模量的纤维对高强混凝土力学性能的影响．混凝土与水泥制品．2002年第3期．
[16] 朱江．聚丙烯纤维混凝土的技术性能及其应用．新型建筑材料，2000年第2期．
[17] 谷章昭、倪梦象、樊均、邓咏梅．合成纤维混凝土性能及其工程应用．建筑材料学报，1999年第2期．
[18] 苏健波、李士恩．杜拉纤维增强混凝土的力学性能研究．广东土木建筑，2000年第1期．
[19] Sydney Furtan Jr. & Joao Bentode Hannai. Shear behavior of fiber reinforced concrete beams. Cement and Concrete Composites, 19(1997) 359-366.
[20] G.D. Manolis, P.J. Gareis, A.D. Tsonos, J.A. Neal. Dynamic properties of polypropylene fiber-reinforced concrete slabs. Cement and Concrete Composites, 19(1997) 341-349.
[21] 敬松，树脂混凝土。化工新型材料，1993年第7期。
[22] D. W. Fowler. Polymers in concrete:a vision for the 21st Century. Cement & concrete composites 21 (1999) 449-452.
[23] Yoshibiko Ohama, Recent progress in concrete-polymer composites. Advanced Cement Based Materials. 1997, 5; 31-40
[24] Lech Czarnecki, Andrzej Garbacz, Joanna Kurach. On the characterization of polymer concrete fracture surface. Cement & concrete Composites 23(2001)399-409.
[25] Moetaz M. El-Hawary, Hisham Abdel-Fattah. Temperature effect on the mechanical behavior of resin concrete. Construction and Building Materials 14(2000)317-323.
[26] Hisham Abdel-Fattah, Moetaz M. El-Hawary. Flexural behavior of polymer concrete. Construction and Building Materials 13(1999)253-262.
[27] Kae-Hwan kwak, Jae-Jung Rim. Fatigue strength in polymer-reinforced concrete beams under cyclic loading. Nuclear Engineering and Design 156(1995)63-73.
[28] O. Figovsky, D. Beilin, N. Blank, J. Potapov & V. Chernyshev. Development of polymer concrete with polybutadiene matrix. Cement and Concrete Composites 18(1996)437-444.
[29] Houssam A. Toutanji. Evaluation of the tensile strength of cement-based advanced composite wrapped specimens. Composites Science and Technology 59(1999)2261-2268.
[30] C.M.L. Tavares, M.C.S. Ribero, A.J.M. Ferreira, R.M. Guedes. Creep behaviour of FRP-reinforced polymer concrete. Composite Structures 57 (2002)47-51.
[31] R. Griffiths, A. Ball. An assessment of the properties and degradation behaviour of glass-fiber-reinforced polyester polymer concrete. Composites Science and Technology 60(2000)2747-2753.
[32] Saleh Hamed Alsayed. Flexural behavior of concrete beams reinforced with GFRP bars. Cement & Concrete Composites 20(1998)1-11.
[33] Amnon Katz, Neta Berman. Modeling the effect of high temperature on the bond of FRP reinforcing bars to concrete. Cement & concrete composites 22(2000)433-443.
[34] J. Q. Ye, Z. J. Wu. Micro-mechanical analysis of splitting failure in concrete reinforced with fiber reinforced plastic rods. Cement & concrete composites 22(2000)243-251.
[35] B. Tighiouart, B. Benmokrane, D. Gao. Investigation of bond in concrete member with fibre reinforced polymer(FRP)bars. Construction and Building Materials 12(1998)453-462.
[36] H. L. Cox. The Elasticity and Strength of Paper and Other Fibrous Materials. J. Mech. Phy. Solids, 1952. 3: p72-74
[37] 赵玉庭、姚希曾，复合材料基体与界面．华东化工学院出版社，1991．
[38] Romualdi, J. P., and Batson, G. B., Mechanics of crack arrest in concrete, Proceedings A.S.C.E., Vol. 89, No. EM3, June 1963, P147-168.
[39] 小林一辅(日)著，邹崇富译，广钟岩校，纤维补强混凝土。中国铁道出版社，1985。
[40] 纪午生、陈伟、张应立等，常用建筑材料实验手册。中国建筑工业出版社，1986。
[41] 田永兴，专用聚丙烯纤维在高性能混凝土工程中的应用。全国第二届高
性能混凝土学术研讨会论文集。1999年4月。
[42] 李恒德、肖纪美主编，材料表面与界面．清华大学出版社，1990．
[43] 谢建斌、何天淳、程赫亮，钢纤维混凝土界面粘结的研究．河南科学，Vol．20，No．6 Dec．2002．
[44] 潘冬、邢锋、康飞宇，碳纤维电化学表面处理对碳纤维水泥砂浆力学性能的影响．混凝土与水泥制品，2003年第1期．
[45] 吴国强，钢纤维聚合物水泥混凝土的力学性质．新型建筑材料，1994年第1期．
[46] 钱春香、陈世欣，纤维表面处理对复合材料力学性能的影响．高科技纤维与应用，Vol．28，No．3，Jun．2003．
[47] 胡福增、陈尤冷、吴叙勤，界面改性对玻纤增强聚丙烯弯曲强度的影响。功能高分子学报，Vol．7，No．3，Sep．1994．
[48] 黄承亚、龚克成、李红，改性聚丙烯纤维水泥基复合材料力学性能研究．混凝土与水泥制品，2001年第6期．
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