有机硅丙烯酸酯聚合物复合乳液的制备及其织物增深性能研究
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摘要
涤纶纤维应用广泛,其染深色时染料上染率低,出现深色不深等现象。涤纶纤维的色深受纤维纤度、纤维材料的折射率及纤维表面的凹凸性等因素影响,如何使涤纶纤维染色增深是涤纶纤维织物高档化整理的重要课题。本文基于织物表面低折射率化和表面粗糙化的整理策略,研究制备了有机硅丙烯酸酯复合乳液,并考察了上述乳液增深剂的织物增深效果和织物手感效果。
本文采用半连续种子乳液聚合的方法,研究制备了聚硅氧烷接枝改性聚丙烯酸酯聚合物乳液和核壳型聚丙烯酸酯复配聚硅氧烷乳液,分别考察了不同聚合物的织物增深效果,初步建立聚合物乳液分子结构与聚集形态和增深整理效果间的关系。
制备聚硅氧烷接枝改性聚丙烯酸酯聚合物乳液时,研究了反应温度、反应时间、乳化剂、预乳化方法、滴加预乳液时间和种子乳液用量等聚合工艺参数因素的影响,采用红外光谱、差示扫描量热仪、透射电镜等对聚合物分子结构及乳胶粒形态进行了分析与表征。考察了聚硅氧烷和硅烷偶联剂用量对增深效果的影响。
制备核壳型聚丙烯酸酯复配聚硅氧烷聚合物乳液时,研究了反应温度、搅拌强度、壳层单体滴加速率以及包壳阶段补加乳化剂用量等聚合工艺参数对制备稳定均一粒径聚合物乳液的影响,采用红外光谱、差示扫描量热仪、透射电镜等对聚合物分子结构及乳胶粒形态进行了表征。并考察了壳层单体配比以及乳胶粒子的核壳结构对乳液增深性能的影响。
通过上述配方与工艺研究,本文得到两类不同的有机硅丙烯酸酯聚合物复合乳液,其增深效果优异,增深度在30%左右。使用核壳型聚丙烯酸酯复配聚硅氧烷乳液整理织物后手感柔软,但聚硅氧烷接枝改性聚丙烯酸酯聚合物乳液整理织物后手感未有明显改变,可通过与柔软剂复配进一步改善。
Polyester fibers are used widely. When dying polyester fibers fuscous color, the dyestuff always has low efficiency. The color of polyester fibers is affected by fiber size, refractive and the roughness surface of the fiber. Therefore the color-deepening of polyester fibers are very important. According to the methods of treating fibers with resin which has low refractive and making the surface of fibers rough, the organosilane/polyacrylate complex emulsion was prepared. Then the color-deepening and tactility effect of polyester textile were investigated.
Seeded emulsion polymerization and semicontinuous process was adopted for preparing the polyacrylate grafted by polysiloxane and the core-shell polymer of polyacrylate mixed with polysiloxane. Then the color-deepening effect of polyester textile was studied. The relationship between color-deepening effect and polymer molecule structure or aggregation morphology was built.
When the polyacrylate grafted by polysiloxane was prepared, with the objective of obtaining stable emulsion, we investigated the effect factors of polymerization technics including reaction temperature, reaction time, surfactant, emulsification methods of pre-emulsion, feeding time of pre-emulsion and dosages of seeded emulsion. The structure of polymer and morphologies of latex particles were characterized by IR, DSC and TEM. Then the effect of color deepening was reseached, which provide theory supervise for preparing color-deepening agent.
When the core-shell polymer of polyacrylate was prepared, with the objective of obtaining stable, uniform-size core-shell polymer, the effect factors of polymerization technics, including reaction temperature, mixing speed, feeding time of shell monomer and surfactant content of shell, were investigated. The structure of polymer and morphologies of latex particles were characterized by IR, DSC and TEM. Then the effect of color deepening by shell monomer content and core-shell struction of latex particles was studied.
Using the above-mentioned methods, two kinds of color-deepening agent were obtained, which had excellent color-deepening effect. The deepening degree was about 30%. After being finished by the core-shell polymer of polyacrylate mixed with polysiloxane, the tactility of polyester textile became much softer. However after being finished by the polyacrylate grafted by polysiloxane emulsion, the tactility of polyester textile didn't change a lot. We can improve it by blendingsoftener.
本文采用半连续种子乳液聚合的方法,研究制备了聚硅氧烷接枝改性聚丙烯酸酯聚合物乳液和核壳型聚丙烯酸酯复配聚硅氧烷乳液,分别考察了不同聚合物的织物增深效果,初步建立聚合物乳液分子结构与聚集形态和增深整理效果间的关系。
制备聚硅氧烷接枝改性聚丙烯酸酯聚合物乳液时,研究了反应温度、反应时间、乳化剂、预乳化方法、滴加预乳液时间和种子乳液用量等聚合工艺参数因素的影响,采用红外光谱、差示扫描量热仪、透射电镜等对聚合物分子结构及乳胶粒形态进行了分析与表征。考察了聚硅氧烷和硅烷偶联剂用量对增深效果的影响。
制备核壳型聚丙烯酸酯复配聚硅氧烷聚合物乳液时,研究了反应温度、搅拌强度、壳层单体滴加速率以及包壳阶段补加乳化剂用量等聚合工艺参数对制备稳定均一粒径聚合物乳液的影响,采用红外光谱、差示扫描量热仪、透射电镜等对聚合物分子结构及乳胶粒形态进行了表征。并考察了壳层单体配比以及乳胶粒子的核壳结构对乳液增深性能的影响。
通过上述配方与工艺研究,本文得到两类不同的有机硅丙烯酸酯聚合物复合乳液,其增深效果优异,增深度在30%左右。使用核壳型聚丙烯酸酯复配聚硅氧烷乳液整理织物后手感柔软,但聚硅氧烷接枝改性聚丙烯酸酯聚合物乳液整理织物后手感未有明显改变,可通过与柔软剂复配进一步改善。
Polyester fibers are used widely. When dying polyester fibers fuscous color, the dyestuff always has low efficiency. The color of polyester fibers is affected by fiber size, refractive and the roughness surface of the fiber. Therefore the color-deepening of polyester fibers are very important. According to the methods of treating fibers with resin which has low refractive and making the surface of fibers rough, the organosilane/polyacrylate complex emulsion was prepared. Then the color-deepening and tactility effect of polyester textile were investigated.
Seeded emulsion polymerization and semicontinuous process was adopted for preparing the polyacrylate grafted by polysiloxane and the core-shell polymer of polyacrylate mixed with polysiloxane. Then the color-deepening effect of polyester textile was studied. The relationship between color-deepening effect and polymer molecule structure or aggregation morphology was built.
When the polyacrylate grafted by polysiloxane was prepared, with the objective of obtaining stable emulsion, we investigated the effect factors of polymerization technics including reaction temperature, reaction time, surfactant, emulsification methods of pre-emulsion, feeding time of pre-emulsion and dosages of seeded emulsion. The structure of polymer and morphologies of latex particles were characterized by IR, DSC and TEM. Then the effect of color deepening was reseached, which provide theory supervise for preparing color-deepening agent.
When the core-shell polymer of polyacrylate was prepared, with the objective of obtaining stable, uniform-size core-shell polymer, the effect factors of polymerization technics, including reaction temperature, mixing speed, feeding time of shell monomer and surfactant content of shell, were investigated. The structure of polymer and morphologies of latex particles were characterized by IR, DSC and TEM. Then the effect of color deepening by shell monomer content and core-shell struction of latex particles was studied.
Using the above-mentioned methods, two kinds of color-deepening agent were obtained, which had excellent color-deepening effect. The deepening degree was about 30%. After being finished by the core-shell polymer of polyacrylate mixed with polysiloxane, the tactility of polyester textile became much softer. However after being finished by the polyacrylate grafted by polysiloxane emulsion, the tactility of polyester textile didn't change a lot. We can improve it by blendingsoftener.
引文
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