卫星调制解调器E1接口设计及信道编译码技术研究
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摘要
卫星通信自问世以来,就不断面临竞争和挑战。但是由于它独特的优势,卫星通信已成为国家信息基础设施不可缺少的组成部分。其中,调制解调器技术是一个非常重要的方面。
E1是我国和欧洲使用的电信网一次群传输标准,主要提供2M的话音通信服务。由于其悠久的历史和良好的性能,在世界范围内已经有非常丰富的E1信道资源。为了支持电信网的数据传输,在几乎所有的卫星调制解调器产品中,都提供有符合G.703标准的E1数据接口。E1技术虽然已经很成熟,但是为卫星调制解调器设备提供E1数据接口却非常有实际应用上的需求。
另外,卫星信道环境复杂,具有较高的信道误码率及信号衰落特性,为了使通信的误比特率尽量的低,除了选择合适的调制/解调方式以外,还应采用性能良好的信道编译码技术。因此,先进的差错编码处理技术是卫星调制解调器的一个主攻方向。在几乎所有的卫星调制解调器产品中,都提供有卷积码、Turbo乘积码等多种编码方式。这些码有比较好的性能,但是也有一定的不足。不断研究实现性能优异的新的编译码方案,是非常有前景的。
本文针对上述问题,以E1和信道编译码为研究对象,主要设计了卫星调制解调器的E1接口,对E1网络数据进行了提取插入处理,并仿真验证了一种新的分组卷积码--LTC码的优异性能。本文的主要内容有:
(1)研究了E1网络的基本知识,包括网络起源、优势和帧结构等。
(2)通过配置E1单片收发器DS21354的寄存器和引脚,设计实现了E1数据接口,包括数据的编解码、成帧、同步等操作。
(3)基于FPGA实现了E1数据的提取插入功能,实现了数据速率的可调节。
(4)利用Matlab仿真了LTC码的优异性能,并将其与相对应的SCCC码和Turbo码进行了比较,突出了LTC的性能优势。接着,又仿真比较了分组长度对LTC码性能的影响。
Satellite communication has become more and more important because of its particular advantages. And satellite modem is one of the most important fields.
As the base group standard of telecommunication network in China and Europe, E1 network is widely and maturely used. Because of its early use and good reliability, there are full of E1 channel resources all over the world now. Almost all satellite modem equipments support E1 data access. Designing an E1 data interface for a satellite modem is a common and a must. It is of great sense in real life applications.
The environment of satellite communication is more complex than that of other communications. In order to decrease the bit error rate and supply good communication quality, FEC strategies are very important. So supplying more outstanding FEC technology is one of the most important developing directions. Among the exiting satellite modems, FEC strategies such as convolutional codes and TPCs are very common, which are not no perfect. Reseach of new and better FEC strategies is useful.
Based on the above problems, here, E1 interface design and data“drop&insert”function are researched, as well as advantage performance of a kind of new code-laminated turbo codes (LTC). The following are the main contents of this paper:
(1) Study the main concepts of E1 network.
(2) Design E1 interface by writing the registers of the E1 SCT DS21354 and configuring the corresponding pins.
(3) Supply“drop&insert”function with FPGA, and the data rate can be chosen outside to fix particular data rate requirements.
(4) Simulate with Matlab to achieve and verify the outstanding performance of LTC by comparing to its related Turbo codes and SCCC codes. Later, the impact of blocks length N is researched, too.
E1是我国和欧洲使用的电信网一次群传输标准,主要提供2M的话音通信服务。由于其悠久的历史和良好的性能,在世界范围内已经有非常丰富的E1信道资源。为了支持电信网的数据传输,在几乎所有的卫星调制解调器产品中,都提供有符合G.703标准的E1数据接口。E1技术虽然已经很成熟,但是为卫星调制解调器设备提供E1数据接口却非常有实际应用上的需求。
另外,卫星信道环境复杂,具有较高的信道误码率及信号衰落特性,为了使通信的误比特率尽量的低,除了选择合适的调制/解调方式以外,还应采用性能良好的信道编译码技术。因此,先进的差错编码处理技术是卫星调制解调器的一个主攻方向。在几乎所有的卫星调制解调器产品中,都提供有卷积码、Turbo乘积码等多种编码方式。这些码有比较好的性能,但是也有一定的不足。不断研究实现性能优异的新的编译码方案,是非常有前景的。
本文针对上述问题,以E1和信道编译码为研究对象,主要设计了卫星调制解调器的E1接口,对E1网络数据进行了提取插入处理,并仿真验证了一种新的分组卷积码--LTC码的优异性能。本文的主要内容有:
(1)研究了E1网络的基本知识,包括网络起源、优势和帧结构等。
(2)通过配置E1单片收发器DS21354的寄存器和引脚,设计实现了E1数据接口,包括数据的编解码、成帧、同步等操作。
(3)基于FPGA实现了E1数据的提取插入功能,实现了数据速率的可调节。
(4)利用Matlab仿真了LTC码的优异性能,并将其与相对应的SCCC码和Turbo码进行了比较,突出了LTC的性能优势。接着,又仿真比较了分组长度对LTC码性能的影响。
Satellite communication has become more and more important because of its particular advantages. And satellite modem is one of the most important fields.
As the base group standard of telecommunication network in China and Europe, E1 network is widely and maturely used. Because of its early use and good reliability, there are full of E1 channel resources all over the world now. Almost all satellite modem equipments support E1 data access. Designing an E1 data interface for a satellite modem is a common and a must. It is of great sense in real life applications.
The environment of satellite communication is more complex than that of other communications. In order to decrease the bit error rate and supply good communication quality, FEC strategies are very important. So supplying more outstanding FEC technology is one of the most important developing directions. Among the exiting satellite modems, FEC strategies such as convolutional codes and TPCs are very common, which are not no perfect. Reseach of new and better FEC strategies is useful.
Based on the above problems, here, E1 interface design and data“drop&insert”function are researched, as well as advantage performance of a kind of new code-laminated turbo codes (LTC). The following are the main contents of this paper:
(1) Study the main concepts of E1 network.
(2) Design E1 interface by writing the registers of the E1 SCT DS21354 and configuring the corresponding pins.
(3) Supply“drop&insert”function with FPGA, and the data rate can be chosen outside to fix particular data rate requirements.
(4) Simulate with Matlab to achieve and verify the outstanding performance of LTC by comparing to its related Turbo codes and SCCC codes. Later, the impact of blocks length N is researched, too.
引文
[1]王海泉.卫星通信及其在我国的应用与发展.中国金融电脑.1995年第1期:28-30
[2]梁志昌.广州卫星通信应用状况.微波与卫星通信.1994年第1期:21-24
[3]姜康林.我国卫星通信发展现状与展望.无线电通信技术.1996年第22卷第1期:42-44
[4] Comtech EF Data.CDM-570 & CDM-570L卫星调制解调器.2006
[5] Comtech EF Data. CDM-570-IPEN & CDM-570L-IPEN satellite modems. 2008
[6] Comtech EF Data.CDD-564 & CDD-564L四路解调器.2008
[7] Comtech EF Data.CDM-600 & CDM-600L开放网络卫星调制解调器.2006
[8] Comtech EF Data.CDM-Qx & CDM-QxL具有DoubleTalk? Carrier-in-Carrier?功能的多信道卫星调制解调器.2007
[9] Comtech EF Data.CDM-700高速卫星调制解调器.2006
[10] Comtech EF Data.CDM-710卫星广播调制器.2005
[11] VITACOM.SMCR5000智能型VSAT卫星调制解调路由器.1999
[12] VITACOM.SMCR6000智能型VSAT卫星调制解调路由器.1999
[13] Datum PPSM500 Modem产品外观.北京星际安讯科技有限公司http://www.webstellar.com/production/03.htm.
[14] RadynaComstream最新产品动态. http://www.asiatvro.com/info/GetInfo.asp?ID=msg138
[15] Radyne ComStream DMD20卫星调制解调器.广播与电视技术.2003年第7期:107
[16]肖定中,肖萍萍.数字通信终端及复接设备[M].北京:北京邮电学院出版社,1991
[17]朱世华.程控数字交换原理与应用.西安:西安交通大学出版社,2001.7
[18]叶敏.程控数字交换与交换网.北京:北京邮电大学出版社,2003.1
[19]王擎天.综合业务数字网.北京:解放军出版社,1997
[20]花俊.E1/以太网适配器的设计与实现:[硕士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学,2005
[21]吴红.基于嵌入式系统的E1/Etnernet适配器的设计:[硕士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学,2005
[22]王新梅,肖囯镇.纠错码-原理与方法.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,1991
[23] C E Shannon, A mathematical theory of communication. Bell Syst. Tech.J.,27, July 1948
[24]王军选,张晓燕,张燕燕.无线通信调制与编码.北京:人民邮电出版社,2008
[25] C. Berrou, A. Glavieux, and P. Thitimajshima,“Near Shannon limit error-correcting coding and decoding: Turbo-codes,”in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Communications, Geneva, Switzerland, May 1993, pp. 1064–1070
[26]刘东华.Turbo码原理与应用技术.北京:电子工业出版社,2004
[27]刘东华.Turbo码关键技术及Turbo码应用研究:[博士学位论文].长沙:国防科技大学,2002
[28]王巨椿.新世纪初卫星通信信技术.通信市场.21-22
[29]张志坚.E1技术在福建省电台多路节目传输中的应用.东南传播.2006年第9期:57-58
[30]杜庆.不同路由E1信号自动倒换的实现.电力系统通信.2007年第28卷第171期:66-68
[31]詹平红,魏宗寿.基于G.703建议的E1数字接口转换研究.现代电子技术,2007年第17期:76-78
[32]王兴亮.数字通信原理与技术.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2003.10
[33] MAXIM Semiconductor (美信半导体公司). DS21354-DS21554.pdf [EB/OL]. [2004] http://www.maxim-ic.com.cn/pdfserv/en/ds/DS21354-DS21554.pdf
[34]吴小艨,肖宵.单路E1收发器DS21354在数字程控交换机中的应用.电子设计应用.2003.9.15-17
[35] MAXIM Semiconductor (美信半导体公司). AN3208: Elastic Store Operation.pdf [EB/OL]. 2004.04.26 http://www.maxim-ic.com.cn/appnotes.cfm/appnote_number/3208
[36] MAXIM Semiconductor (美信半导体公司). AN393: E1 Operation of Dallas Semiconductor Framers and SCTs.pdf [EB/OL]. 2002.09.10 http://www.maxim-ic.com.cn/appnotes.cfm/appnote_number/393
[37] MAXIM Semiconductor (美信半导体公司). APP324:T1/E1 Network Interface Design [EB/OL]. (2001-11-27) http://www.maxim-ic.com.cn/appnotes.cfm/appnote_number/324
[38] MAXIM Semiconductor (美信半导体公司). AN391: NRZ Application.pdf [EB/OL]. (2002-08-30) http://www.maxim-ic.com.cn/appnotes.cfm/appnote_number/324
[39] MAXIM Semiconductor (美信半导体公司). AN342:T1/E1 framer initialization and programming [EB/OL]. (2001-8-10) http://www.maxim-ic.com.cn/appnotes.cfm/appnote_number/342
[40] MAXIM Semiconductor (美信半导体公司). AN3827: Initialization and configuration of the DS26528 Transceiver [EB/OL]. (2006-10-27)http://www.maxim-ic.com.cn/appnotes.cfm/appnote_number/3827
[41] MAXIM Semiconductor (美信半导体公司). AN3349: T1/E1 Loopback Operation for Dallas Semiconductor T1/E1/J1 transceivers. 2004.09.10 http://www.maxim-ic.com.cn/appnotes.cfm/appnote_number/3349
[42]杨光,张太镒,孙建成.一种E1与V.35信号转换的实现方法
[43]王擎天,刘作学.E1数据复用接口的设计与实现.指挥技术学院学报。1999年第10卷第4期:37-41
[44] Comtech EF Data.开放网络卫星调制解调器(2.4 kbps-20 Mbps)安装和使用手册.2005
[45]陈立胜.多路E1传输以太网的应用及其实现.中国数据通信.2002年第1期:7-11
[46]周亮.纠错编码原理与方法.成都:电子科技大学通信抗干扰国家级重点实验室.2005.2
[47] S. Benedetto, D. Divsalar, G. Montorsi, and F. Pollara,“Soft-Output Decoding Algorithms in Iterative Decoding of Turbo Codes,”Jet Propulsion Lab., Pasadena, CA, 1996, TDA Progr. Rep. 42-124
[48] A. Huebner, M. Lentmaier, K. Sh. Zigangirov, and D. J. Costello, Jr., Laminated turbo codes, in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Information Theory, Adelaide, Australia, Sep. 2005, pp. 597–601
[49] A. Huebner, M. Lentmaier, K. Sh. Zigangirov, and D. J. Costello, Jr., Laminated turbo codes: A New Class of Block-Convolutional Codes. IEEE transaction on information theory,2008,Vol 54, 3024-3034
[50] Shu Lin, Daniel J.Costello.Jr.晏坚等译.差错控制编码(Error Control Coding).北京:机械工业出版社,2007
[51] J. Hagenauer, E. Offer, and L. Papke,“Iterative decoding of binary block and convolutional codes,”IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 42, no.2, pp. 429–445, Mar. 1996
[52] D. Divsalar and F. Pollara. Serial and hybrid concatenated codes with applications. in Proc. 1st Int. Symp. Turbo Codes and Related Topics, Brest, France, Sep. 1997, 80–87
[2]梁志昌.广州卫星通信应用状况.微波与卫星通信.1994年第1期:21-24
[3]姜康林.我国卫星通信发展现状与展望.无线电通信技术.1996年第22卷第1期:42-44
[4] Comtech EF Data.CDM-570 & CDM-570L卫星调制解调器.2006
[5] Comtech EF Data. CDM-570-IPEN & CDM-570L-IPEN satellite modems. 2008
[6] Comtech EF Data.CDD-564 & CDD-564L四路解调器.2008
[7] Comtech EF Data.CDM-600 & CDM-600L开放网络卫星调制解调器.2006
[8] Comtech EF Data.CDM-Qx & CDM-QxL具有DoubleTalk? Carrier-in-Carrier?功能的多信道卫星调制解调器.2007
[9] Comtech EF Data.CDM-700高速卫星调制解调器.2006
[10] Comtech EF Data.CDM-710卫星广播调制器.2005
[11] VITACOM.SMCR5000智能型VSAT卫星调制解调路由器.1999
[12] VITACOM.SMCR6000智能型VSAT卫星调制解调路由器.1999
[13] Datum PPSM500 Modem产品外观.北京星际安讯科技有限公司http://www.webstellar.com/production/03.htm.
[14] RadynaComstream最新产品动态. http://www.asiatvro.com/info/GetInfo.asp?ID=msg138
[15] Radyne ComStream DMD20卫星调制解调器.广播与电视技术.2003年第7期:107
[16]肖定中,肖萍萍.数字通信终端及复接设备[M].北京:北京邮电学院出版社,1991
[17]朱世华.程控数字交换原理与应用.西安:西安交通大学出版社,2001.7
[18]叶敏.程控数字交换与交换网.北京:北京邮电大学出版社,2003.1
[19]王擎天.综合业务数字网.北京:解放军出版社,1997
[20]花俊.E1/以太网适配器的设计与实现:[硕士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学,2005
[21]吴红.基于嵌入式系统的E1/Etnernet适配器的设计:[硕士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学,2005
[22]王新梅,肖囯镇.纠错码-原理与方法.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,1991
[23] C E Shannon, A mathematical theory of communication. Bell Syst. Tech.J.,27, July 1948
[24]王军选,张晓燕,张燕燕.无线通信调制与编码.北京:人民邮电出版社,2008
[25] C. Berrou, A. Glavieux, and P. Thitimajshima,“Near Shannon limit error-correcting coding and decoding: Turbo-codes,”in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Communications, Geneva, Switzerland, May 1993, pp. 1064–1070
[26]刘东华.Turbo码原理与应用技术.北京:电子工业出版社,2004
[27]刘东华.Turbo码关键技术及Turbo码应用研究:[博士学位论文].长沙:国防科技大学,2002
[28]王巨椿.新世纪初卫星通信信技术.通信市场.21-22
[29]张志坚.E1技术在福建省电台多路节目传输中的应用.东南传播.2006年第9期:57-58
[30]杜庆.不同路由E1信号自动倒换的实现.电力系统通信.2007年第28卷第171期:66-68
[31]詹平红,魏宗寿.基于G.703建议的E1数字接口转换研究.现代电子技术,2007年第17期:76-78
[32]王兴亮.数字通信原理与技术.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2003.10
[33] MAXIM Semiconductor (美信半导体公司). DS21354-DS21554.pdf [EB/OL]. [2004] http://www.maxim-ic.com.cn/pdfserv/en/ds/DS21354-DS21554.pdf
[34]吴小艨,肖宵.单路E1收发器DS21354在数字程控交换机中的应用.电子设计应用.2003.9.15-17
[35] MAXIM Semiconductor (美信半导体公司). AN3208: Elastic Store Operation.pdf [EB/OL]. 2004.04.26 http://www.maxim-ic.com.cn/appnotes.cfm/appnote_number/3208
[36] MAXIM Semiconductor (美信半导体公司). AN393: E1 Operation of Dallas Semiconductor Framers and SCTs.pdf [EB/OL]. 2002.09.10 http://www.maxim-ic.com.cn/appnotes.cfm/appnote_number/393
[37] MAXIM Semiconductor (美信半导体公司). APP324:T1/E1 Network Interface Design [EB/OL]. (2001-11-27) http://www.maxim-ic.com.cn/appnotes.cfm/appnote_number/324
[38] MAXIM Semiconductor (美信半导体公司). AN391: NRZ Application.pdf [EB/OL]. (2002-08-30) http://www.maxim-ic.com.cn/appnotes.cfm/appnote_number/324
[39] MAXIM Semiconductor (美信半导体公司). AN342:T1/E1 framer initialization and programming [EB/OL]. (2001-8-10) http://www.maxim-ic.com.cn/appnotes.cfm/appnote_number/342
[40] MAXIM Semiconductor (美信半导体公司). AN3827: Initialization and configuration of the DS26528 Transceiver [EB/OL]. (2006-10-27)http://www.maxim-ic.com.cn/appnotes.cfm/appnote_number/3827
[41] MAXIM Semiconductor (美信半导体公司). AN3349: T1/E1 Loopback Operation for Dallas Semiconductor T1/E1/J1 transceivers. 2004.09.10 http://www.maxim-ic.com.cn/appnotes.cfm/appnote_number/3349
[42]杨光,张太镒,孙建成.一种E1与V.35信号转换的实现方法
[43]王擎天,刘作学.E1数据复用接口的设计与实现.指挥技术学院学报。1999年第10卷第4期:37-41
[44] Comtech EF Data.开放网络卫星调制解调器(2.4 kbps-20 Mbps)安装和使用手册.2005
[45]陈立胜.多路E1传输以太网的应用及其实现.中国数据通信.2002年第1期:7-11
[46]周亮.纠错编码原理与方法.成都:电子科技大学通信抗干扰国家级重点实验室.2005.2
[47] S. Benedetto, D. Divsalar, G. Montorsi, and F. Pollara,“Soft-Output Decoding Algorithms in Iterative Decoding of Turbo Codes,”Jet Propulsion Lab., Pasadena, CA, 1996, TDA Progr. Rep. 42-124
[48] A. Huebner, M. Lentmaier, K. Sh. Zigangirov, and D. J. Costello, Jr., Laminated turbo codes, in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Information Theory, Adelaide, Australia, Sep. 2005, pp. 597–601
[49] A. Huebner, M. Lentmaier, K. Sh. Zigangirov, and D. J. Costello, Jr., Laminated turbo codes: A New Class of Block-Convolutional Codes. IEEE transaction on information theory,2008,Vol 54, 3024-3034
[50] Shu Lin, Daniel J.Costello.Jr.晏坚等译.差错控制编码(Error Control Coding).北京:机械工业出版社,2007
[51] J. Hagenauer, E. Offer, and L. Papke,“Iterative decoding of binary block and convolutional codes,”IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 42, no.2, pp. 429–445, Mar. 1996
[52] D. Divsalar and F. Pollara. Serial and hybrid concatenated codes with applications. in Proc. 1st Int. Symp. Turbo Codes and Related Topics, Brest, France, Sep. 1997, 80–87