智能家居信息平台的设计
摘要
随着经济的不断发展,人们对于生活品质的追求也越来越高,同时近二十年来移动通信技术、计算机技术、传感器技术也得到了飞速发展,智能家居从开始的一个概念到慢慢走入人们的生活,到现在在国内新建设的小区中,已经或多或少的使用了智能家居、智能小区的功能。
在智能家居得以应用的过程中,无线传感网络起到了很大的推动作用,逐渐成为了智能家居控制系统中的通信枢纽,无线传感网络是21世纪电子信息领域的一个研究热点,在军事以及民用领域都有着广泛的应用。无线传感网络如今覆盖了433MHz、915MHz以及2.4GHz等ISM频段,在其中适合于智能家居的频段为2.4GHz频段,在此频段之中ZigBee无线传感网络支持低功耗、低速率、自组织网络的特性使得ZigBee非常适合于在家庭中部署无线网络。
另外,我国目前的GSM网络用户估计已经超过3亿,GSM网络也是目前移动通信网络中运行时间最长,最为稳定的网络,通过GSM网络,可以连接位于家中的智能家居网络和出门在外的主人,将智能家居的作用范围大大提高。RFID技术也在小区中得到应用,门禁、物业费缴纳等都可以通过RFID技术来实现,因此在本设计中也采用了RFID技术。
正是在以上背景之下,本设计完成了一个综合了ZigBee通信、GSM通信、RFID技术为一个系统的智能家居信息平台,可以实现在主控中心控制家电,以及通过手机远程控制家电的功能。
本文以智能家居的各组成部分为顺序,从综述智能家居的发展历程、现状开始,然后介绍了智能家居中的两个核心技术模块——ZigBee无线传感网络和RFID缴费模块,在这两个部分之中,较为详细的介绍了其原理、协议以及硬件结构等,随后分别介绍了智能家居信息平台的主控中心硬件电路以及软件模块,这两章节正是智能家居系统的具体实现,最后对本设计的成果进行了总结,并提出了可以加以改进的部分。
As the economy continues to advance, People's quality of life demands for higher and higher standard, while the past two decades mobile communication technology, computer technology, sensor technology has also been the rapid development of smart home from the beginning of a concept developed to gradually into people's lives. Now in the domestic new residential construction, already more or less the use of a smart home, smart cell function.
Was applied in smart home in the process of the wireless sensor networks has played a significant role in promoting and gradually become a smart home control system communications hub, in the 21st century, wireless sensor networks is a research hotspot the field of electronic information, in the military as well as civilian areas, it has a wide range of applications. Wireless sensor networks are now covering the 433MHz, 915MHz and 2.4GHz frequency ISM bands, in which the smart home suitable for the 2.4GHz frequency band, in this 2.4GHz band the ZigBee wireless sensor networks supports low-power, low-rate, self-organization, these network characteristics make ZigBee suitable for the deployment of wireless networks in the home.
In addition, China's current GSM network estimated to have more than 300 million users, GSM mobile communication network the network is currently the longest running and most stable network, through the GSM network, you can connect the home with the master who is far away from home. The range of the smart home increased substantially. RFID technology has been applied to residential, access control, property management fee to pay and so on can be achieved through RFID technology, so this design also used RFID technology.
It is in the above background, the design is completed, a combination of ZigBee communications, GSM communication, RFID technology as an information platform for smart home system, can be achieved in the master central control home appliances, as well as remote control home appliances through mobile phone functions.
In this paper, the various components of smart home for the order, from the overview of the development process of intelligent home, the status quo began, and then introduced the smart home technology in the two core modules - ZigBee wireless sensor networks and RFID payment module, in both parts among the more detailed description of its principles, protocols and hardware structure, and then introduced the smart home of the master central information platform hardware circuits and software modules, these two chapters is the concrete realization of smart home system, and finally The results of this design are summarized and made part of that could be improved.
在智能家居得以应用的过程中,无线传感网络起到了很大的推动作用,逐渐成为了智能家居控制系统中的通信枢纽,无线传感网络是21世纪电子信息领域的一个研究热点,在军事以及民用领域都有着广泛的应用。无线传感网络如今覆盖了433MHz、915MHz以及2.4GHz等ISM频段,在其中适合于智能家居的频段为2.4GHz频段,在此频段之中ZigBee无线传感网络支持低功耗、低速率、自组织网络的特性使得ZigBee非常适合于在家庭中部署无线网络。
另外,我国目前的GSM网络用户估计已经超过3亿,GSM网络也是目前移动通信网络中运行时间最长,最为稳定的网络,通过GSM网络,可以连接位于家中的智能家居网络和出门在外的主人,将智能家居的作用范围大大提高。RFID技术也在小区中得到应用,门禁、物业费缴纳等都可以通过RFID技术来实现,因此在本设计中也采用了RFID技术。
正是在以上背景之下,本设计完成了一个综合了ZigBee通信、GSM通信、RFID技术为一个系统的智能家居信息平台,可以实现在主控中心控制家电,以及通过手机远程控制家电的功能。
本文以智能家居的各组成部分为顺序,从综述智能家居的发展历程、现状开始,然后介绍了智能家居中的两个核心技术模块——ZigBee无线传感网络和RFID缴费模块,在这两个部分之中,较为详细的介绍了其原理、协议以及硬件结构等,随后分别介绍了智能家居信息平台的主控中心硬件电路以及软件模块,这两章节正是智能家居系统的具体实现,最后对本设计的成果进行了总结,并提出了可以加以改进的部分。
As the economy continues to advance, People's quality of life demands for higher and higher standard, while the past two decades mobile communication technology, computer technology, sensor technology has also been the rapid development of smart home from the beginning of a concept developed to gradually into people's lives. Now in the domestic new residential construction, already more or less the use of a smart home, smart cell function.
Was applied in smart home in the process of the wireless sensor networks has played a significant role in promoting and gradually become a smart home control system communications hub, in the 21st century, wireless sensor networks is a research hotspot the field of electronic information, in the military as well as civilian areas, it has a wide range of applications. Wireless sensor networks are now covering the 433MHz, 915MHz and 2.4GHz frequency ISM bands, in which the smart home suitable for the 2.4GHz frequency band, in this 2.4GHz band the ZigBee wireless sensor networks supports low-power, low-rate, self-organization, these network characteristics make ZigBee suitable for the deployment of wireless networks in the home.
In addition, China's current GSM network estimated to have more than 300 million users, GSM mobile communication network the network is currently the longest running and most stable network, through the GSM network, you can connect the home with the master who is far away from home. The range of the smart home increased substantially. RFID technology has been applied to residential, access control, property management fee to pay and so on can be achieved through RFID technology, so this design also used RFID technology.
It is in the above background, the design is completed, a combination of ZigBee communications, GSM communication, RFID technology as an information platform for smart home system, can be achieved in the master central control home appliances, as well as remote control home appliances through mobile phone functions.
In this paper, the various components of smart home for the order, from the overview of the development process of intelligent home, the status quo began, and then introduced the smart home technology in the two core modules - ZigBee wireless sensor networks and RFID payment module, in both parts among the more detailed description of its principles, protocols and hardware structure, and then introduced the smart home of the master central information platform hardware circuits and software modules, these two chapters is the concrete realization of smart home system, and finally The results of this design are summarized and made part of that could be improved.
引文
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[5]夏涛,陶洋.基于四大模块的智能家居的研究与设计[J].武汉职业技术学院学报,2007.3(6).52-58.
[6]宋辉,智能家庭网络的研究[J],沿海企业与科技.2005(9).150-151.
[7]傅家祥.基于GPRS和ZigBee技术的智能家居解决方案的研究.[D].贵州大学,2007,3-16.
[8]陈淑鹃.无线智能家居控制网络设计及协议研究. [D].大连海事大学.2005. 10-16.
[9]佚名.物联网[EB/OL]. http://www.hudong.com/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91,2009-09-01
[10]孙利民,李建中.无线传感器网络[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005.
[11]吕治安.ZigBee网络原理与应用开发[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2008.
[12] Lee Jin Shyan, Huang Yang Chih. Design and implementation of ZigBee/IEEE 802.15.4 nodes for wireless sensor networks [J].Measurement and Control, 2006, 39(7):204-208.
[13]丁飞,张西良,张世庆.基于ZigBee的无线通信技术及其应用[J].江苏通信技术,2006,22(5):24-27.
[14]刘瑞强,冯长安,蒋延,周正.基于ZigBee的无线传感器网络遥测遥控[J].2006,27(5):57-61.
[15]翟雷,刘盛德,胡威斌.ZigBee技术及应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2007,90-120.
[16] Nia-Chiang Liang, Ping-Chieh Chen, Tony Sun, Guang Yang, Ling-Jyh Chen,and Mario Gerla, Impact of Node Heterogeneity in ZigBee Mesh Network Routing [J],2006 IEEE International Conference onSystems, Man, and Cybernetics.
[17] IEEE 802.15.4. Wireless Medium Access Control(MAC)and Physical Layer(PHY) Specifications for Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks.2003.
[18] Woo A,Culler D.A transmission control scheme for media access in sensor networks[J].Proceedings of the ACM MobiCom 2001.R ome- AC M Press,2001.22 1-235
[19] Texas Instruments.CC2430 datasheet,[EB/OL].http://www.ti.com/lit/gpn/cc2430, 2007-06-06.
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[21]沈大伟,基于ZigBee技术无线传感器网络的研究[J].南京理工大学,2008.
[22] BaoL,Garcia-Luna-AcevesJ.ToPology man agtinadhoc networks.In:Proc 4tk ACM Int,SymponMObileAd Hoc Networkjng&Computing(MobiHoc 2003),AlmaPolis,Maryland,2003:129-l40.
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[25] Texas Instruments.Z-Stack Application Programming Interface, [EB/OL]. http://focus.ti.com.cn/cn/docs/toolsw/folders/print/z-stack.html, 2009-02-08.
[26] ISO/IEC 14443,Final Committee Draft[S].2003.
[27]宋国亮.射频识别电子标签芯片的设计[J].电脑知识与技术,2009.第五卷第20期:5546-5547.
[28]刘艳苹,杨北革,王志强.RFID防碰撞算法研究[J].工业控制计算机, 2009,(01)
[29]侯俊,吴成东,袁中甲.基于ZigBee的智能家居安全监控系统研究[J].机电工程,2009,26(1):68、69.
[30]王东,张金荣,魏延.利用ZigBee技术构建无线传感器网络[J].重庆大学学报:自然科学版,2006,29(8):95-98.
[31]肖广兵,唐慧强.基于TC35I的无线数据采集系统的设计[J].2009.42(11):189-191.
[32] TC35I cellular engine hardware interface description. Siemens Version 1.03[Z].北京2004.
[33] Maxim Integrated Products. MAX232 Data Sheet[Z], 2002. http://cn.alldatasheet.com/datasheet-pdf/pdf/73074/MAXIM/MAX232.html
[34] ARM Limited.Cortex-M3 Technical Reference Manual[Z], 2007-06.
[35]Shyam Sadasican. An Introduction to the ARM Cortex-M3 Processor, 2006-10.
[36]匿名.新的ARM Thumb-2内核技术带来高的代码密度和性能[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用, 2003,(08):68.
[37] Maxim Integrated Products. MAX811 Data Sheet[Z], 2001. http://cn.alldatasheet.com/datasheet-pdf/pdf/73804/MAXIM/MAX811.html
[38]马潮.高档8位单片机ATmega128原理与开发应用指南[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2004.
[39]匡慧.基于AVR单片机的切纸机控制系统软硬件设计[D].南京理工大学,2007.
[40] IEEE std 1149. 122001. IEEE standard test access port and boundary-scan architecture[S]. IEEE, 2001:10213.
[41]叶蓁.通用红外遥控码的单片机直接接收方法[J].漳州师范学院学报(自然科学版) , 2002,(02).
[42]温铁钝,孙键国,张天宏.无线遥控智能插座的设计[J].测控技术, 2003,(10):53-59.
[43]李明强,程小辉,沈旭.基于8051系列单片机的实时操作系统设计[J].桂林工学院学报,2005,(01):128-132.
[44]李宁.基于MDK的STM32处理器开发应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2008.
[45]胡贵生,郝苏晨.图形点阵液晶模块的中文菜单界面的实现[J].海军工程大学学报, 2004,(02).
[46]张海,田李,吕茂辉. GSM短信模块开发及其应用[J].电脑与电信, 2009,(06):27、28、31.
[47]孙英.短信收发中的PDU编码分析[J].内蒙古科技与经济, 2007,(01).
[48] Unicode Standard. The Unicode Standard version 5th[M]. Addison-Wesley Professional pub, 2005.
[49] NXP semiconductors.MF1 S50 functional specification.Rev.5.3[Z],2008.
[50] NXP semiconductors.MF RC522 Data Sheet,2007. http://cn.alldatasheet.com/datasheet-pdf/pdf/310020/NXP/MFRC522_09.html
[2]佚名.正确认识能居、自动化、网络、网络家电、信息家电[EB/OL]. http://bbs.shejis.com/attachment.php?aid=761328.2007-01-24
[3]周洪,胡文山等.智能家居控制系统[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2006,10-52
[4]于洋,张永良,金卫东.等.智能家居的出海口—家庭服务器[EB/OL]. http://www.jjt-ehome.com/infoNiew.asp?id=1658 2005-8-16.
[5]夏涛,陶洋.基于四大模块的智能家居的研究与设计[J].武汉职业技术学院学报,2007.3(6).52-58.
[6]宋辉,智能家庭网络的研究[J],沿海企业与科技.2005(9).150-151.
[7]傅家祥.基于GPRS和ZigBee技术的智能家居解决方案的研究.[D].贵州大学,2007,3-16.
[8]陈淑鹃.无线智能家居控制网络设计及协议研究. [D].大连海事大学.2005. 10-16.
[9]佚名.物联网[EB/OL]. http://www.hudong.com/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91,2009-09-01
[10]孙利民,李建中.无线传感器网络[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005.
[11]吕治安.ZigBee网络原理与应用开发[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2008.
[12] Lee Jin Shyan, Huang Yang Chih. Design and implementation of ZigBee/IEEE 802.15.4 nodes for wireless sensor networks [J].Measurement and Control, 2006, 39(7):204-208.
[13]丁飞,张西良,张世庆.基于ZigBee的无线通信技术及其应用[J].江苏通信技术,2006,22(5):24-27.
[14]刘瑞强,冯长安,蒋延,周正.基于ZigBee的无线传感器网络遥测遥控[J].2006,27(5):57-61.
[15]翟雷,刘盛德,胡威斌.ZigBee技术及应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2007,90-120.
[16] Nia-Chiang Liang, Ping-Chieh Chen, Tony Sun, Guang Yang, Ling-Jyh Chen,and Mario Gerla, Impact of Node Heterogeneity in ZigBee Mesh Network Routing [J],2006 IEEE International Conference onSystems, Man, and Cybernetics.
[17] IEEE 802.15.4. Wireless Medium Access Control(MAC)and Physical Layer(PHY) Specifications for Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks.2003.
[18] Woo A,Culler D.A transmission control scheme for media access in sensor networks[J].Proceedings of the ACM MobiCom 2001.R ome- AC M Press,2001.22 1-235
[19] Texas Instruments.CC2430 datasheet,[EB/OL].http://www.ti.com/lit/gpn/cc2430, 2007-06-06.
[20] Texas Instruments. Z-Stack ZigBee Protocol Stack,[EB/OL].http://focus.ti.com.cn/cn/docs/toolsw/folders/print/z-stack.html, 2009-02-08
[21]沈大伟,基于ZigBee技术无线传感器网络的研究[J].南京理工大学,2008.
[22] BaoL,Garcia-Luna-AcevesJ.ToPology man agtinadhoc networks.In:Proc 4tk ACM Int,SymponMObileAd Hoc Networkjng&Computing(MobiHoc 2003),AlmaPolis,Maryland,2003:129-l40.
[23] Texas Instruments.Z-Stack Developer's Guide, [EB/OL]. http://focus.ti.com.cn/cn/docs/toolsw/folders/print/z-stack.html, 2009-02-08
[24] Texas Instruments.Using the CC2430 & TIMAC with low-power wireless sensors: A power-consumption st,[EB/OL].http://focus.ti.com/general/docs/litabsmultiplefilelist.tsp?literatureNumber=slyt295,2008-05-16.
[25] Texas Instruments.Z-Stack Application Programming Interface, [EB/OL]. http://focus.ti.com.cn/cn/docs/toolsw/folders/print/z-stack.html, 2009-02-08.
[26] ISO/IEC 14443,Final Committee Draft[S].2003.
[27]宋国亮.射频识别电子标签芯片的设计[J].电脑知识与技术,2009.第五卷第20期:5546-5547.
[28]刘艳苹,杨北革,王志强.RFID防碰撞算法研究[J].工业控制计算机, 2009,(01)
[29]侯俊,吴成东,袁中甲.基于ZigBee的智能家居安全监控系统研究[J].机电工程,2009,26(1):68、69.
[30]王东,张金荣,魏延.利用ZigBee技术构建无线传感器网络[J].重庆大学学报:自然科学版,2006,29(8):95-98.
[31]肖广兵,唐慧强.基于TC35I的无线数据采集系统的设计[J].2009.42(11):189-191.
[32] TC35I cellular engine hardware interface description. Siemens Version 1.03[Z].北京2004.
[33] Maxim Integrated Products. MAX232 Data Sheet[Z], 2002. http://cn.alldatasheet.com/datasheet-pdf/pdf/73074/MAXIM/MAX232.html
[34] ARM Limited.Cortex-M3 Technical Reference Manual[Z], 2007-06.
[35]Shyam Sadasican. An Introduction to the ARM Cortex-M3 Processor, 2006-10.
[36]匿名.新的ARM Thumb-2内核技术带来高的代码密度和性能[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用, 2003,(08):68.
[37] Maxim Integrated Products. MAX811 Data Sheet[Z], 2001. http://cn.alldatasheet.com/datasheet-pdf/pdf/73804/MAXIM/MAX811.html
[38]马潮.高档8位单片机ATmega128原理与开发应用指南[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2004.
[39]匡慧.基于AVR单片机的切纸机控制系统软硬件设计[D].南京理工大学,2007.
[40] IEEE std 1149. 122001. IEEE standard test access port and boundary-scan architecture[S]. IEEE, 2001:10213.
[41]叶蓁.通用红外遥控码的单片机直接接收方法[J].漳州师范学院学报(自然科学版) , 2002,(02).
[42]温铁钝,孙键国,张天宏.无线遥控智能插座的设计[J].测控技术, 2003,(10):53-59.
[43]李明强,程小辉,沈旭.基于8051系列单片机的实时操作系统设计[J].桂林工学院学报,2005,(01):128-132.
[44]李宁.基于MDK的STM32处理器开发应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2008.
[45]胡贵生,郝苏晨.图形点阵液晶模块的中文菜单界面的实现[J].海军工程大学学报, 2004,(02).
[46]张海,田李,吕茂辉. GSM短信模块开发及其应用[J].电脑与电信, 2009,(06):27、28、31.
[47]孙英.短信收发中的PDU编码分析[J].内蒙古科技与经济, 2007,(01).
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