北冰洋西部地区沉积物中碳酸盐的分布特征及其古海洋学意义分析
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摘要
北极作为全球气候变化的驱动器和调节器,对全球的气候变化非常敏感,通过对北极海域古海洋学的研究,将有助于我们预测未来的全球气候演变趋势。在古海洋学研究中常用碳酸盐含量作为古海洋学研究的指标,但是北冰洋西部地区由于特殊的自然环境条件,使得沉积物中的碳酸盐含量特别低,以至于碳酸盐指标的应用价值受到了一定的影响。所以,本文通过测定研究区样品的碳酸盐含量,来探讨研究区碳酸盐指标的古海洋学意义。
本文应用容量法测定了研究区样品碳酸盐含量值,并且利用导师提供的岩芯年代框架资料,探讨了研究区沉积物中碳酸盐的分布特征、溶解(包括碳酸盐补偿深度)和沉积作用以及碳酸盐的古气候、古生产力指示意义。得出以下几条结论:
⑴研究区表层沉积物中碳酸盐含量普遍偏低,含量范围在0.22%～13.22%之间,平均含量为3.48%,高出10%的样品仅出现在半深水区的几个站位的表层沉积物中。碳酸盐含量平面分布表现出与水深的密切关系;
⑵碳酸盐含量垂向上都偏低,不过在低值的大背景下出现个别峰值;
⑶C9站从底(5mbsf)往上碳酸盐堆积速率变化在0.008g·cm-2·a-1 ~ 0.016g·cm-2·a-1之间,R11站从底(5mbsf)往上碳酸盐堆积速率由0.009g·cm-2·a-1 ~ 0.017g·cm-2·a-1递增。明显地看到研究区陆架区碳酸盐堆积速率存在上升的势头;
⑷根据碳酸盐-水深二维图,初步推测1800m~2000m为研究区的溶跃面,3500m处为本研究区的碳酸盐补偿深度(CCD);
⑸碳酸盐含量峰值基本上是出现在氧同位素期次交替的时期,但也有少量特殊的情况存在,其中最明显的就是在MIS6中间出现的尖峰,期间可能发生了一个次一级的气候变暖事件。碳酸盐含量曲线并没有表现出冰期-间冰期的有规律地波动,所以其古气候指示意义不是很大;
⑹楚科奇研究区存在很强的钙质溶蚀作用及硅质生物的抑制作用,M03岩芯中碳酸盐出现峰值的层位(10%以上)所对应的年代,估计楚科奇研究区初级生产力较高。
Arctic area as a driver and adjustor of global climate, it reflects sensitively to climatic change. It will be significant to do paleo-oceanographic research in Arctic, which could be very helpful to the prediction of future global climate change. Carbonate content is a mature and effective index for paleo-oceanography, but carbonate contents are commonly low in Arctic and so the study value is rebated largely. So the main aim of this thesis is to identify how much the paleo-oceanographic value of carbonate index is in the West Arctic Ocean. I used volumetric method to get carbonate contents of samples, and cited the age frames of cores from advisor Gao. This thesis mainly discussed distribution of carbonate contents, dissolution and deposit of carbonate, including analysis of carbonate compensating depth, paleoclimate and paleoproductivity analysis of carbonate. I concluded the following results:
⑴The carbonate content of surface sediments are widely low, with a range from 0.22% to 13.22%, and average is 3.48%, but the high content only appear in several surface sediments at about 2000m water depth area. The carbonate content of surface sediments have a significantly correlation with water depth;
⑵Carbonate content along vertical are generally low, but several peak values appear among generally low background;
⑶Carbonate accumulation speed at C9 and R11 vary between 0.008g·cm-2·a-1 to 0.016g·cm-2·a-1 and 0.009g·cm-2·a-1 ~ 0.017g·cm-2·a-1 from 5 meter behind surface, respectively;
⑷The lysocline is 1800m~2000m and the CCD in study area is about 3500m, according to the fitting curve between carbonate content at all surface sediment samples and water depths;
⑸Peak values of carbonate content generally appear at alternant periods of oxygen isotope, but there are some exceptions. The peak value in MIS6 is especially distinct. I presume a inferior warming event occurred. The fluctuation of carbonate content curve don’t reflect harmoniously with glacial-interglacial, so the paleo-oceanographic value of carbonate index is not significant in the West Arctic Ocean;
⑹Because severe dissolution of carbonate and restraint from siliceous life matter exist in Chukchi study area, layers of peak carbonate content may indicate high paleoproductivity.
本文应用容量法测定了研究区样品碳酸盐含量值,并且利用导师提供的岩芯年代框架资料,探讨了研究区沉积物中碳酸盐的分布特征、溶解(包括碳酸盐补偿深度)和沉积作用以及碳酸盐的古气候、古生产力指示意义。得出以下几条结论:
⑴研究区表层沉积物中碳酸盐含量普遍偏低,含量范围在0.22%～13.22%之间,平均含量为3.48%,高出10%的样品仅出现在半深水区的几个站位的表层沉积物中。碳酸盐含量平面分布表现出与水深的密切关系;
⑵碳酸盐含量垂向上都偏低,不过在低值的大背景下出现个别峰值;
⑶C9站从底(5mbsf)往上碳酸盐堆积速率变化在0.008g·cm-2·a-1 ~ 0.016g·cm-2·a-1之间,R11站从底(5mbsf)往上碳酸盐堆积速率由0.009g·cm-2·a-1 ~ 0.017g·cm-2·a-1递增。明显地看到研究区陆架区碳酸盐堆积速率存在上升的势头;
⑷根据碳酸盐-水深二维图,初步推测1800m~2000m为研究区的溶跃面,3500m处为本研究区的碳酸盐补偿深度(CCD);
⑸碳酸盐含量峰值基本上是出现在氧同位素期次交替的时期,但也有少量特殊的情况存在,其中最明显的就是在MIS6中间出现的尖峰,期间可能发生了一个次一级的气候变暖事件。碳酸盐含量曲线并没有表现出冰期-间冰期的有规律地波动,所以其古气候指示意义不是很大;
⑹楚科奇研究区存在很强的钙质溶蚀作用及硅质生物的抑制作用,M03岩芯中碳酸盐出现峰值的层位(10%以上)所对应的年代,估计楚科奇研究区初级生产力较高。
Arctic area as a driver and adjustor of global climate, it reflects sensitively to climatic change. It will be significant to do paleo-oceanographic research in Arctic, which could be very helpful to the prediction of future global climate change. Carbonate content is a mature and effective index for paleo-oceanography, but carbonate contents are commonly low in Arctic and so the study value is rebated largely. So the main aim of this thesis is to identify how much the paleo-oceanographic value of carbonate index is in the West Arctic Ocean. I used volumetric method to get carbonate contents of samples, and cited the age frames of cores from advisor Gao. This thesis mainly discussed distribution of carbonate contents, dissolution and deposit of carbonate, including analysis of carbonate compensating depth, paleoclimate and paleoproductivity analysis of carbonate. I concluded the following results:
⑴The carbonate content of surface sediments are widely low, with a range from 0.22% to 13.22%, and average is 3.48%, but the high content only appear in several surface sediments at about 2000m water depth area. The carbonate content of surface sediments have a significantly correlation with water depth;
⑵Carbonate content along vertical are generally low, but several peak values appear among generally low background;
⑶Carbonate accumulation speed at C9 and R11 vary between 0.008g·cm-2·a-1 to 0.016g·cm-2·a-1 and 0.009g·cm-2·a-1 ~ 0.017g·cm-2·a-1 from 5 meter behind surface, respectively;
⑷The lysocline is 1800m~2000m and the CCD in study area is about 3500m, according to the fitting curve between carbonate content at all surface sediment samples and water depths;
⑸Peak values of carbonate content generally appear at alternant periods of oxygen isotope, but there are some exceptions. The peak value in MIS6 is especially distinct. I presume a inferior warming event occurred. The fluctuation of carbonate content curve don’t reflect harmoniously with glacial-interglacial, so the paleo-oceanographic value of carbonate index is not significant in the West Arctic Ocean;
⑹Because severe dissolution of carbonate and restraint from siliceous life matter exist in Chukchi study area, layers of peak carbonate content may indicate high paleoproductivity.
引文
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