喷射混凝土干拌成品混合料的力学性能试验研究
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摘要
随着社会的不断发展,国家对节能、减排和环境保护的高度重视,逐步禁止在城市施工现场搅拌砂浆。目前,在煤矿巷道等施工中,现场搅拌方式仍占主导地位。取代现场搅拌是发展的需要,势在必行。本文在试验的基础上,研究了喷射混凝土干拌成品混合料的力学性能,在此基础上对干拌成品混合料的保质期进行了探讨。
根据干拌成品混合料的主要影响因素,进行了六组不同砂子含水率(0、0.5%、1.0%、3.0%、5.0%、7.0%)的干拌成品混合料基本力学性能试验。试验表明:砂子的含水率为0.5%、1.0%时,当干拌成品混合料放置时间从0天到15天时,立方体抗压强度分别减少了4.9%、8.9%;劈裂抗拉强度分别减少了10.9%、16.3%;当放置从0天到28天时,立方体抗压强度分别减少了6.7%、12.0%;劈裂抗拉强度分别减少了15.3%、18.6%。砂子的含水率为3%时,干拌成品混合料放置时间从0天到1天时,立方体抗压强度减少了14.2%;放置时间从0天到3天时,干拌成品混合料劈裂抗拉强度减少了19.5%。若允许强度损失为7%时,砂子含水率为0.5%的干拌成品混合料保质期为28天,而砂子含水率为1.0%的干拌成品混合料的保质期只有7天。若允许强度损失为15%时,砂子含水率为3%的干拌成品混合料保质期为1天。自行设计了防粉尘喷雾装置的喷射机,在淮北矿业集团有限责任公司进行现场试验,当使用干拌成品混合料进行喷射时,可以明显减少回弹率,降低劳动强度,提高工作效率。
With the social continuously development, the country is high attention to energy saving,emission reduction,environmental protection. On the coal mine roadway construction, field leakage coefficient mix is still possession leading position. Instead of field leakage coefficient mix is the need of development and is necessary. therefore, the test was designed and dry-mixture materials were researched according to the basic mechanics characteristic and shelf life of dry-mixture materials were investigated.
According to the main influence factors of dry-mixture materials,basic mechanics property test of dry-mixture materials under different six sand moisture content (0,0.5%,1.0%,3%,5%,7%) is done. It was discovered when the sand moisture content equal 0.5%,1.0% and keeping time of dry-mixture materials is from 0 day to the 15th days, cubic compressive strength reduces partly to 4.9%,8.9%, splitting tensile strength reduces partly to 10.9%,16.3% and keeping time of dry-mixture materials is the 28th days, cubic compressive strength reduces partly to 6.7%,12.0%, splitting tensile strength reduces partly to 15.3%,18.6%; when the sand moisture content equal 3% and keeping time of dry-mixture materials is from 0 day to the first days, cubic compressive strength reduces to14.2% and keeping time of dry-mixture materials is from 0 day to the third days, splitting tensile strength reduces to19.5%. If the allowable strength loss equal 7%, shelf life of dry-mixture materials which the sand moisture content equal 0.5% is 28 days, but it is only 7 days that the sand moisture content equal 1.0%. If the allowable strength loss equal 15%, shelf life of dry-mixture materials which the sand moisture content equal 3% is 1 days, We have field test under Huaibei Mining (group) Co., Ltd and developed shotcrete machine of control dust double stirring stuff and spraying device. When use the dry-mixture materials spraying, Shotcrete has a litter rebound , reduced concrete amount and labor intensity,so work efficiency was improved.
根据干拌成品混合料的主要影响因素,进行了六组不同砂子含水率(0、0.5%、1.0%、3.0%、5.0%、7.0%)的干拌成品混合料基本力学性能试验。试验表明:砂子的含水率为0.5%、1.0%时,当干拌成品混合料放置时间从0天到15天时,立方体抗压强度分别减少了4.9%、8.9%;劈裂抗拉强度分别减少了10.9%、16.3%;当放置从0天到28天时,立方体抗压强度分别减少了6.7%、12.0%;劈裂抗拉强度分别减少了15.3%、18.6%。砂子的含水率为3%时,干拌成品混合料放置时间从0天到1天时,立方体抗压强度减少了14.2%;放置时间从0天到3天时,干拌成品混合料劈裂抗拉强度减少了19.5%。若允许强度损失为7%时,砂子含水率为0.5%的干拌成品混合料保质期为28天,而砂子含水率为1.0%的干拌成品混合料的保质期只有7天。若允许强度损失为15%时,砂子含水率为3%的干拌成品混合料保质期为1天。自行设计了防粉尘喷雾装置的喷射机,在淮北矿业集团有限责任公司进行现场试验,当使用干拌成品混合料进行喷射时,可以明显减少回弹率,降低劳动强度,提高工作效率。
With the social continuously development, the country is high attention to energy saving,emission reduction,environmental protection. On the coal mine roadway construction, field leakage coefficient mix is still possession leading position. Instead of field leakage coefficient mix is the need of development and is necessary. therefore, the test was designed and dry-mixture materials were researched according to the basic mechanics characteristic and shelf life of dry-mixture materials were investigated.
According to the main influence factors of dry-mixture materials,basic mechanics property test of dry-mixture materials under different six sand moisture content (0,0.5%,1.0%,3%,5%,7%) is done. It was discovered when the sand moisture content equal 0.5%,1.0% and keeping time of dry-mixture materials is from 0 day to the 15th days, cubic compressive strength reduces partly to 4.9%,8.9%, splitting tensile strength reduces partly to 10.9%,16.3% and keeping time of dry-mixture materials is the 28th days, cubic compressive strength reduces partly to 6.7%,12.0%, splitting tensile strength reduces partly to 15.3%,18.6%; when the sand moisture content equal 3% and keeping time of dry-mixture materials is from 0 day to the first days, cubic compressive strength reduces to14.2% and keeping time of dry-mixture materials is from 0 day to the third days, splitting tensile strength reduces to19.5%. If the allowable strength loss equal 7%, shelf life of dry-mixture materials which the sand moisture content equal 0.5% is 28 days, but it is only 7 days that the sand moisture content equal 1.0%. If the allowable strength loss equal 15%, shelf life of dry-mixture materials which the sand moisture content equal 3% is 1 days, We have field test under Huaibei Mining (group) Co., Ltd and developed shotcrete machine of control dust double stirring stuff and spraying device. When use the dry-mixture materials spraying, Shotcrete has a litter rebound , reduced concrete amount and labor intensity,so work efficiency was improved.
引文
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[3]陈振华.大力发展商品混凝土之我见[J].福建建材,2002,(04): 44～45
[4]范恩荣,王金海.干式砂浆系列产品开发及应用前景[J].房材与应用,2000,28(5): 23～27
[5]莫健瑶.干混砂浆浅探[J].广东建材,2005,(2): l5～17
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[9]王能关.干粉砂浆技术发展与展望[J].房材与应用,2001,29(5): 42～44
[10]B.И.彼斯耶夫等.在俄罗斯干式混合物生产与发展前景.建筑材料(俄),1999,3
[11]郁伟华,施惠生.建筑干混砂浆的开发研究与应用[J].房材与应用,2002,28(6): 40～46
[12]ShilstoneJ M. Neede-Prardigm shifts in the Technology for Normal strength Concrete ACISP -144: Concrete Technology Past,Presentand Future. 61～84.
[13]施惠生,郁伟华.商品干粉砂浆的开发、生产与应用[J].新世纪水泥导报,2001,(4): 8～11
[14]汪澜.水泥工程师手册[M].中国建材工业出版社,1998
[15]鞠丽艳,张雄,李春荣等.商品砂浆的技术进展[J].新型建筑材料,2001,(10): 19～21
[16]鞠丽艳,张雄.干粉砂浆的组成及其作用机理[J].混凝土,2002,(1): 1～3
[17]王培铭,张国防.干混砂浆的发展和聚合物干粉的作用[J].中国水泥,2004,(1): 45～48
[18]王方荣.国外喷射混凝土技术的运用和发展[J].江苏煤炭1991,(1): 105～107
[19]张向东,张树光,李永靖.喷射混凝土技术的发展与应用[J].煤2001,(01): 19～21
[20]程良奎.喷射混凝土与土钉墙[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1998
[21]韩惠莲,李建军.关于喷射混凝土技术的探讨[J].山西建筑,2008,34(4): 162～163
[22]谌润水等.公路旧桥加固技术与实例[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2002
[23]谢兴保.现代喷射混凝土技术原理及特性分析[J].武汉水利电力大学学报,1994,27(6): 658～665
[24]王红喜,陈友治,丁庆军.喷射混凝土的现状和发展[J].岩土工程技术,2004,18(1): 51～53
[25]沈威,黄文熙,闵盘荣.水泥工艺学[M].武汉:武汉工业出版社,1991
[26]Taylor H F W. Cement Chemistr[M]. London: Thomas Telford Publishing, 1997
[27]Barbara Lothenbach, Frank Winnefeld.Themodynamic modelling of the hydration of Portland cement [J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2006, 36(2): 209～226
[28]阎培渝,郑峰.水泥基材料的水化动力学[J].硅酸盐学报,2006,34(5): 555～559
[29]Skalny J, Young J F.波特兰水泥水化机理[A].第七届国际水泥化学会议论文选集[C].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1985,169～214
[30]Taylor H F.Cement Chemistry[M]. London: Academic Press, 1990
[31]李坚利.水泥工艺学[M].武汉:武汉工业大学出版社,1999
[32]魏小胜,肖莲珍,李宗津.采用电阻率法研究水泥水化过程[J].硅酸盐学报,2004,32(1): 34～38
[33]W.J. McCarter, A.B. Afshar. Monitoring the early hydration mechanisms of hydraulic cement [J]. Journal of Materials Science, 1988, 23(2): 488～496
[34]楼宗汉,徐先宇,韩韧等.矿渣水泥中钙矾石形成条件及作用[J].硅酸盐学报,1981,9(3): 295～301
[35]Moore A E, Taylor H F W.Crystal structure of ettringite [J]. Acta Crystallogr, 1970. B26: 386～393
[36]Mehta P K. Mechanism of expansion associated with ettringite formation[J]. Cem Concr Res, 1973, (3):1～5
[37]彭家惠,楼宗汉.钙矾石形成机理的研究[J].硅酸盐学报,2000,28(6): 511～515
[38]Barnes P. Structure and performance of cements [M].New York: Applied Science Publishers Ltd, 1983,272～275
[39]Ghosh S N.杨南如,阂盘荣,罗殿元等译.水泥技术进展[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1986,324～325
[40]Collepardi M, Corrad M, Baldini G, etal. Tricalcium aluminate hydration in the presence of lime, gypsum or sodium sulfate [J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 1976, 6(8): 571
[41]龙世宗,刘晨,邬燕蓉. NaOH和Ca(OH)2对C3A-CaSO4*2H2O-H2O系统早期水化影响的研究[J].硅酸盐学报1997,25(6): 635～642
[42]肖金亮.浅谈喷射混凝土的质量控制[J].广东水利水电,2007,(S1): 38～40
[43]卢照辉.喷射混凝土配合比设计[J].混凝土,2002,10(156): 53～54
[44]锚杆喷射混凝土支护技术规范(GB 50086-2001) [S].北京:中国计划出版社.2001
[45]冶金工业部建筑研究总院.喷射混凝土施工技术规程(YBJ226-91) [S].北京:冶金工业出版社,1992
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