智能轮椅结构设计与研究
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摘要
随着我国人口老龄化问题越来越严重以及肢体残疾人数量的逐渐增加,不断庞大的肢体残障群体对辅助步行工具的需求日益提高。智能轮椅作为先进的代步工具能有效帮助他们提高行动自由度及重新融入社会。而我国智能轮椅设计起步晚,在机构的复杂性和灵活性上和国外相比有一定差距,基于此,本文依据人机工程学的相关理论,综合应用计算机辅助设计的方法设计了一种多功能智能轮椅来满足残障人群的需要。
本论文经过对我国现有的智能轮椅结构和功能的比较与分析后,确定了本文智能轮椅结构上需具备的基本功能。针对功能要求,完成了具有辅助站立和平躺功能的智能轮椅的机构设计,建立了站立机构的几何模型并进行了分析计算。进而根据人机工程学中人体生物力学及座椅设计方面的知识,对轮椅整体尺寸进行了设计。
采用虚拟样机技术,在UG NX环境下,使用自顶向下和自底向上相结合的建模方法对智能轮椅结构进行实体建模、虚拟装配,建立了轮椅的三维数字化模型。利用UG自带的Motion Simulation模块对轮椅三维模型进行了运动学仿真,得到的仿真动画与设计要求相一致,从而验证了轮椅设计的合理性。
通过对驱动电机、电动推杆等关键零部件的参数选型后,对智能轮椅的最大速度、爬坡角度等运动参数进行了校核,所得到的各项数值符合我国电动轮椅的国家标准要求。
本文通过对智能轮椅结构的创新设计,使轮椅结构本身实现了多种功能,有助于提高残障者生活质量;同时改变了传统的设计方法,利用虚拟样机技术缩短了设计周期,提高了设计效率。
With the more and more severe influence of aging of population and the increasing number of disabled man, the demands of the handicapped for aid walk instruments is increasing. As advanced tools insteading of walk, the intelligent wheelchair could help the handicapped improve activity degree of freedom and merge into society over again. The research of our intelligent wheelchair began later than other countries. It have gap that compaired our intelligent wheelchair mechanism in complexity and flexibility with others. Based above, according to Ergonomics, this paper designs a mulitifunctional intelligent wheelchair for the handicapped's demands used by Computer-aided design methods.
This paper defines function of wheelchair after compairing and analyzing some kinds of wheelchairs in existence. The wheelchair mechanism that can aid standing and lying has been design and the geometric model of standing mechanism has been built and analysed. The dimension of wheelchair has been design based on human biomechanics and principle of designing chair. Three dimensional model of intelligent wheelchair has been finished under UG NX by useing virtual protopype techonology. Under UG Motion Simulation, the wheelchair model was simulated and the rationlity of mechanism design was verified by the result of motion simulation.
The motion parameters such as max velocity and ramp angle have been checked after choosing pivotal parts, for example, electric engine and electric push rod. The result accords to the national standard of electric wheelchair.
In this design, through innovativly design of wheelchair's structure, the multifunction has been carried out. It helps to improve quality of life of the handicapped. The design efficiency was improved and period was shortened usd virtual protopype techonology different from traditional mothed.
本论文经过对我国现有的智能轮椅结构和功能的比较与分析后,确定了本文智能轮椅结构上需具备的基本功能。针对功能要求,完成了具有辅助站立和平躺功能的智能轮椅的机构设计,建立了站立机构的几何模型并进行了分析计算。进而根据人机工程学中人体生物力学及座椅设计方面的知识,对轮椅整体尺寸进行了设计。
采用虚拟样机技术,在UG NX环境下,使用自顶向下和自底向上相结合的建模方法对智能轮椅结构进行实体建模、虚拟装配,建立了轮椅的三维数字化模型。利用UG自带的Motion Simulation模块对轮椅三维模型进行了运动学仿真,得到的仿真动画与设计要求相一致,从而验证了轮椅设计的合理性。
通过对驱动电机、电动推杆等关键零部件的参数选型后,对智能轮椅的最大速度、爬坡角度等运动参数进行了校核,所得到的各项数值符合我国电动轮椅的国家标准要求。
本文通过对智能轮椅结构的创新设计,使轮椅结构本身实现了多种功能,有助于提高残障者生活质量;同时改变了传统的设计方法,利用虚拟样机技术缩短了设计周期,提高了设计效率。
With the more and more severe influence of aging of population and the increasing number of disabled man, the demands of the handicapped for aid walk instruments is increasing. As advanced tools insteading of walk, the intelligent wheelchair could help the handicapped improve activity degree of freedom and merge into society over again. The research of our intelligent wheelchair began later than other countries. It have gap that compaired our intelligent wheelchair mechanism in complexity and flexibility with others. Based above, according to Ergonomics, this paper designs a mulitifunctional intelligent wheelchair for the handicapped's demands used by Computer-aided design methods.
This paper defines function of wheelchair after compairing and analyzing some kinds of wheelchairs in existence. The wheelchair mechanism that can aid standing and lying has been design and the geometric model of standing mechanism has been built and analysed. The dimension of wheelchair has been design based on human biomechanics and principle of designing chair. Three dimensional model of intelligent wheelchair has been finished under UG NX by useing virtual protopype techonology. Under UG Motion Simulation, the wheelchair model was simulated and the rationlity of mechanism design was verified by the result of motion simulation.
The motion parameters such as max velocity and ramp angle have been checked after choosing pivotal parts, for example, electric engine and electric push rod. The result accords to the national standard of electric wheelchair.
In this design, through innovativly design of wheelchair's structure, the multifunction has been carried out. It helps to improve quality of life of the handicapped. The design efficiency was improved and period was shortened usd virtual protopype techonology different from traditional mothed.
引文
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[4]廖晓辉,沈大中,王东署.智能轮椅的研究现状与关键技术分析[J].制造业自动化,30(4):1-6.
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