住宅项目施工质量管理研究
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摘要
当今社会,与人们生活息息相关的住宅项目的质量,越来越成为关注的焦点。我国的住宅建设已经取得了空前的发展,大规模的住宅生产和供应的同时,住宅的质量水平逐年提高。但是,住宅质量问题时有发生。目前,人们对住宅的质量要求更高,而且更加关注住宅的全方位质量。住宅项目的施工阶段是住宅质量形成的关键环节,住宅项目施工质量管理就尤为重要。
针对这一问题,本论文从分析国内外住宅项目质量管理的现状入手,在系统分析的基础上,讨论住宅项目施工质量管理的目标、内容以及常用的质量管理方法;探讨选择全面质量管理、6σ方法、目标管理和过程管理等方法的应用问题。在分析和研究质量控制内容、方法和工具的基础上,结合线性规划理论和网络计划技术,建立了考虑工期成本的质量控制模型;通过对模型的求解可以得到较为满意的质量控制方案,在一定程度上解决了住宅项目施工中工期、成本和质量之间的矛盾。并通过解释结构模型方法建立了质量问题原因分析模型,对施工过程中可能出现的质量问题或事故进行了系统的原因分析,预防和控制类似质量问题发生,以提高施工项目的质量。最后,分析和研究住宅项目施工质量保证的内容,建立了住宅项目施工质量保证体系框架图,提出了保证住宅项目施工质量的相关措施。
In today's society, the quality of residential projects which are closely related to the people's lives have more and more become the focus of attention. China's housing construction has been made in an unprecedented development, and at the same time of large-scale domestic production and supply, the level of residential quality improves year by year. However, the issues of housing quality have happened sometimes. At present, People have higher quality requirements for residential, and more concerned about the full range of residential quality. The residential project construction phases are key to the formation of residential quality, the job of quality management is particularly important.
In response to this question, this thesis starts at the analysis of the quality management status of residential projects at home and abroad. At the basis of the system analysis, discuss the goals, contents and the commonly used quality management methods of the residential projects construction. Explore the selection and application problems of total quality management, 6a methods, goal management, process management and other quality management methods. Through the analysis and research of the quality control contents, methods and tools, based on the combination of linear programming theory and the techniques of network planning, try to set up a quality control model that considers the cost and time of project. By solving the model can be more satisfied with the quality control program, to a certain extent to solve the conflicts of residential project construction's cost, time and quality. This paper also analyses the quality problems or accidents that may arise during the construction process through the interpretative structural modeling technology, and sets up a quality problem reasons analysis model, so conducive to prevention of the similar problems have occurrence of quality to improve the quality of construction projects. Finally, analysis and study of the residential projects construction quality assurance and make a residential project construction quality assurance framework map. Try to set up the quality assurance system of residential construction and put forward the relevant measures of ensure the residential construction quality.
针对这一问题,本论文从分析国内外住宅项目质量管理的现状入手,在系统分析的基础上,讨论住宅项目施工质量管理的目标、内容以及常用的质量管理方法;探讨选择全面质量管理、6σ方法、目标管理和过程管理等方法的应用问题。在分析和研究质量控制内容、方法和工具的基础上,结合线性规划理论和网络计划技术,建立了考虑工期成本的质量控制模型;通过对模型的求解可以得到较为满意的质量控制方案,在一定程度上解决了住宅项目施工中工期、成本和质量之间的矛盾。并通过解释结构模型方法建立了质量问题原因分析模型,对施工过程中可能出现的质量问题或事故进行了系统的原因分析,预防和控制类似质量问题发生,以提高施工项目的质量。最后,分析和研究住宅项目施工质量保证的内容,建立了住宅项目施工质量保证体系框架图,提出了保证住宅项目施工质量的相关措施。
In today's society, the quality of residential projects which are closely related to the people's lives have more and more become the focus of attention. China's housing construction has been made in an unprecedented development, and at the same time of large-scale domestic production and supply, the level of residential quality improves year by year. However, the issues of housing quality have happened sometimes. At present, People have higher quality requirements for residential, and more concerned about the full range of residential quality. The residential project construction phases are key to the formation of residential quality, the job of quality management is particularly important.
In response to this question, this thesis starts at the analysis of the quality management status of residential projects at home and abroad. At the basis of the system analysis, discuss the goals, contents and the commonly used quality management methods of the residential projects construction. Explore the selection and application problems of total quality management, 6a methods, goal management, process management and other quality management methods. Through the analysis and research of the quality control contents, methods and tools, based on the combination of linear programming theory and the techniques of network planning, try to set up a quality control model that considers the cost and time of project. By solving the model can be more satisfied with the quality control program, to a certain extent to solve the conflicts of residential project construction's cost, time and quality. This paper also analyses the quality problems or accidents that may arise during the construction process through the interpretative structural modeling technology, and sets up a quality problem reasons analysis model, so conducive to prevention of the similar problems have occurrence of quality to improve the quality of construction projects. Finally, analysis and study of the residential projects construction quality assurance and make a residential project construction quality assurance framework map. Try to set up the quality assurance system of residential construction and put forward the relevant measures of ensure the residential construction quality.
引文
[1]李忠富.住宅产业化论:住宅产业化的经济、技术与管理.北京:科学出版社,2003:1-3
[2]齐文波.建筑工程质量管理方法和应用研究.东南大学硕士论文.2007:2
[3]白思俊.现代项目管理(上册).北京:机械工业出版社,2002:26-27 37-38 4-7
[4]M.L.Yang,K.B.Chuah,VM Rao Tummala,E.H.Chen.Project management practices in Pudong,a new economic development area of Shanghai,China.International Journal of Project Management,1997,15(5):313-319
[5]王恩广.以项目管理为中心,提高建筑工程质量.集团经济研究,2007,(32):181
[6]王祖和,郭波.项目质量管理.北京:机械工业出版社,2004:11-13 286-289
[7]周靖.建筑施工项目质量管理研究.重庆大学硕士论文.2004:11-15
[8]白思俊.现代项目管理(中册).北京:机械工业出版社,2002:211-213
[9]郝永池,杨晓光,张晓丹.浅议样板管理.商场现代化,2007,6(18):81
[10]胡进福.浅谈施工质量的样板管理.广东建筑装饰,2006,(1):38
[11]马桂昶.实施现场施工质量管理的三个要素.山西建筑,2007,23(15):246-247
[12]刘伟.工程质量管理与系统控制.武汉:武汉大学出版社,2004:44 172-174
[13]王卓甫,谈飞,张云宁,欧阳红祥.工程项目管理:理论、方法与应用.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2007:156-157
[14]田新志.商品住宅建筑质量评价实务.郑州:黄河水利出版社,2006:1-3
[15]朱家杰.质量管理体系中的目标管理特性.世界标准化与质量管理,2006,(2):44-45
[16]Adri Platje,Sipke Wadman.From Plan-Do-Check-Action to PIDCAM:the further evolution of the deming-wheel.International Journal of Project Management,1998,16(4):201-208
[17]Marja Naaranoja,P(a|¨)ivi Haapalainen,Heikki Lonka.Strategic management tools in projects case construction project.International Journal of Project Management,2007,25(7):659-665
[18]Richard Reed,David J.Lemak,Neal P.Mero.Total quality management and sustainable competitive advantage.Journal of Quality Management,2000,5(1):5-26
[19]於永和,唐咸远,何奇钦.基于6Sigma的工程项目过程管理研究.建筑经济,2006,(7):91-93
[20]Chao-Ton Su,Chia-Jen Chou.A systematic methodology for the creation of Six Sigma projects:A case study of semiconductor foundry.Expert Systems with Applications,2008,34(4):2693-2703
[21]卢向南,白思俊.项目计划与控制.北京:机械工业出版社,2004:233-236
[22]许国志.系统科学.上海:上海科技教育出版社,2000:17-23 173-180 189-196
[23]王孟钧,邓铁军,朱高明.建筑市场管理的自组织理论及其实现.湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2001,28(4).121-126
[24]杨亚频.建筑工程质量评优管理模式与方法研究.湖南大学硕士论文.2004:12-15
[25]I.Prigogine,P.M.Allen.The Challemge of Complexity:Self-Organization and Dissipative Structures.USA:University of Texas Press,1982:15-24
[26]H.Harken.Synergetics An Introduction New York.Springe Verlag Berlin Heidslberg.1997:46-52
[27]黄梅,刁桂真,张遵强.论提高住宅工程质量的控制措施.现代商贸工业,2008,20(2):299-300
[28]Ronie Navon.Automated project performance control of construction projects.Automation in Construction,2005,14(4):467-476
[29]陈军华.浅析影响施工质量的五大因素与控制措施.建材与装饰(下旬刊),2007,(9):136-137
[30]施骞,胡文发.工程质量管理.上海:同济大学出版社,2006:52-56 177-194
[31]秦书玉,王学东,袁野.确定影响工程质量主次因素的层次分析法.辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),1999,18(6):599-603
[32]沈际勇,李伟,张扬.基于层次分析法的施工生产率影响因素分析方法.施工技术,2005,34(2):61-63
[33]Kamal M.Al-Subhi Al-Harbi.Application of the AHP in project management.International Journal of Project Management,2001,19(1):19-27
[34]卢扬.工程施工中质量控制点的设置.科技创新导报,2008,(4):41-43
[35]吴功稳,杨凡.房屋建筑精品工程施工工法(2006).北京:科学出版社,2006:36-38
[36]吴运福.试论建筑施工工序质量的控制.法制与社会,2007,(4):383
[37]高明,陈勇强,乔悦.工程项目管理中工期-费用-质量的权衡分析.港工技术,2007,(1):29-31
[38]A.Oulamara,M-C.Portmann.Project management and scheduling.European Journal of Operational Research,2008,189(3,16):1133-1135
[39]高兴夫,胡成顺,钟登华.工程项目管理的工期-费用-质量综合优化研究.系统工程理论与实践.2007,(10):112-117
[40]胡运权.运筹学基础及应用(第三版).哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1998:1-4
[41]Maged E.Georgy.Evolutionary resource scheduler for linear projects.Automation in Construction,2008,17(5):573-583
[42]刘尔烈,张艳海.建筑施工项目进度、成本和质量目标的综合优化.天津理工学院 学报,2001,17(2):90-93
[43]Do Ba Khang,Yin Mon Myint.Time,cost and quality trade-off in project management:a case study.International Journal of Project Management,1999,17(4):249-256
[44]Matthew J.Liberatore,Bruce Pollack-Johnson.Extending project time-cost analysis by removing precedence relationships and task streaming.International Journal of Project Management,2006,24(6):529-535
[45]A Jaafafi.Time and priority allocation scheduling technique for projects.International Journal of Project Management,1996,14(5):289-299
[46]武鹏.建筑工程施工质量控制及评价方法研究.西安建筑科技大学硕士论文.2005:36-39
[47]白思俊.系统工程.北京:电子工业出版社,2006:81-82 93-98
[48]A.Jaafari.Project and program diagnostics:A systemic approach.International Journal of Project Management,2007,25(8):781-790
[49]Nasreddin Dhafr,Munir Ahmad,Brian Burgess,Siva Canagassababady.Improvement of quality performance in manufacturing organizations by minimization of production defects.Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing,2006,22(5,6):536-542
[50]王从陆,吴超,李树清.基于解释结构模型的事故原因层次分析.矿业研究与开发,2004,24(5):77-79
[51]R.Navon.Research in automated measurement of project performance indicators.Automation in Construction,2007,16(2):176-188
[52]Thomas G.Johns.On creating organizational support for the Project Management Method.International Journal of Project Management,1999,17(1):47-53
[53]胡仲春.基于关键利益相关方的施工项目质量保证体系研究.山东大学硕士论文.2006:32-35
[54]李志民.建筑施工项目质量保证体系建立的研究.科技经济市场,2006,(5):6-7
[55]Alfredo Serpell.Integrating quality systems in construction projects:the Chilean case.International Journal of Project Management,1999,17(5):317-322
[56]刘力.工程项目质量控制研究与探讨.天津大学硕士论文.2004:26-28
[57].Alfredo Serpell,Luis Fernando Alarc(?)n.Construction process improvement methodology for construction projects.International Journal of Project Management,1998,16(4):215-221
[58]李忠富.日本住宅质量保证的认证系统.建筑经济,1998,(3):40-42
[59]王宝刚.中外住宅质量保证制度比较(二).建筑经济,2000,(1):39-40
[2]齐文波.建筑工程质量管理方法和应用研究.东南大学硕士论文.2007:2
[3]白思俊.现代项目管理(上册).北京:机械工业出版社,2002:26-27 37-38 4-7
[4]M.L.Yang,K.B.Chuah,VM Rao Tummala,E.H.Chen.Project management practices in Pudong,a new economic development area of Shanghai,China.International Journal of Project Management,1997,15(5):313-319
[5]王恩广.以项目管理为中心,提高建筑工程质量.集团经济研究,2007,(32):181
[6]王祖和,郭波.项目质量管理.北京:机械工业出版社,2004:11-13 286-289
[7]周靖.建筑施工项目质量管理研究.重庆大学硕士论文.2004:11-15
[8]白思俊.现代项目管理(中册).北京:机械工业出版社,2002:211-213
[9]郝永池,杨晓光,张晓丹.浅议样板管理.商场现代化,2007,6(18):81
[10]胡进福.浅谈施工质量的样板管理.广东建筑装饰,2006,(1):38
[11]马桂昶.实施现场施工质量管理的三个要素.山西建筑,2007,23(15):246-247
[12]刘伟.工程质量管理与系统控制.武汉:武汉大学出版社,2004:44 172-174
[13]王卓甫,谈飞,张云宁,欧阳红祥.工程项目管理:理论、方法与应用.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2007:156-157
[14]田新志.商品住宅建筑质量评价实务.郑州:黄河水利出版社,2006:1-3
[15]朱家杰.质量管理体系中的目标管理特性.世界标准化与质量管理,2006,(2):44-45
[16]Adri Platje,Sipke Wadman.From Plan-Do-Check-Action to PIDCAM:the further evolution of the deming-wheel.International Journal of Project Management,1998,16(4):201-208
[17]Marja Naaranoja,P(a|¨)ivi Haapalainen,Heikki Lonka.Strategic management tools in projects case construction project.International Journal of Project Management,2007,25(7):659-665
[18]Richard Reed,David J.Lemak,Neal P.Mero.Total quality management and sustainable competitive advantage.Journal of Quality Management,2000,5(1):5-26
[19]於永和,唐咸远,何奇钦.基于6Sigma的工程项目过程管理研究.建筑经济,2006,(7):91-93
[20]Chao-Ton Su,Chia-Jen Chou.A systematic methodology for the creation of Six Sigma projects:A case study of semiconductor foundry.Expert Systems with Applications,2008,34(4):2693-2703
[21]卢向南,白思俊.项目计划与控制.北京:机械工业出版社,2004:233-236
[22]许国志.系统科学.上海:上海科技教育出版社,2000:17-23 173-180 189-196
[23]王孟钧,邓铁军,朱高明.建筑市场管理的自组织理论及其实现.湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2001,28(4).121-126
[24]杨亚频.建筑工程质量评优管理模式与方法研究.湖南大学硕士论文.2004:12-15
[25]I.Prigogine,P.M.Allen.The Challemge of Complexity:Self-Organization and Dissipative Structures.USA:University of Texas Press,1982:15-24
[26]H.Harken.Synergetics An Introduction New York.Springe Verlag Berlin Heidslberg.1997:46-52
[27]黄梅,刁桂真,张遵强.论提高住宅工程质量的控制措施.现代商贸工业,2008,20(2):299-300
[28]Ronie Navon.Automated project performance control of construction projects.Automation in Construction,2005,14(4):467-476
[29]陈军华.浅析影响施工质量的五大因素与控制措施.建材与装饰(下旬刊),2007,(9):136-137
[30]施骞,胡文发.工程质量管理.上海:同济大学出版社,2006:52-56 177-194
[31]秦书玉,王学东,袁野.确定影响工程质量主次因素的层次分析法.辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),1999,18(6):599-603
[32]沈际勇,李伟,张扬.基于层次分析法的施工生产率影响因素分析方法.施工技术,2005,34(2):61-63
[33]Kamal M.Al-Subhi Al-Harbi.Application of the AHP in project management.International Journal of Project Management,2001,19(1):19-27
[34]卢扬.工程施工中质量控制点的设置.科技创新导报,2008,(4):41-43
[35]吴功稳,杨凡.房屋建筑精品工程施工工法(2006).北京:科学出版社,2006:36-38
[36]吴运福.试论建筑施工工序质量的控制.法制与社会,2007,(4):383
[37]高明,陈勇强,乔悦.工程项目管理中工期-费用-质量的权衡分析.港工技术,2007,(1):29-31
[38]A.Oulamara,M-C.Portmann.Project management and scheduling.European Journal of Operational Research,2008,189(3,16):1133-1135
[39]高兴夫,胡成顺,钟登华.工程项目管理的工期-费用-质量综合优化研究.系统工程理论与实践.2007,(10):112-117
[40]胡运权.运筹学基础及应用(第三版).哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1998:1-4
[41]Maged E.Georgy.Evolutionary resource scheduler for linear projects.Automation in Construction,2008,17(5):573-583
[42]刘尔烈,张艳海.建筑施工项目进度、成本和质量目标的综合优化.天津理工学院 学报,2001,17(2):90-93
[43]Do Ba Khang,Yin Mon Myint.Time,cost and quality trade-off in project management:a case study.International Journal of Project Management,1999,17(4):249-256
[44]Matthew J.Liberatore,Bruce Pollack-Johnson.Extending project time-cost analysis by removing precedence relationships and task streaming.International Journal of Project Management,2006,24(6):529-535
[45]A Jaafafi.Time and priority allocation scheduling technique for projects.International Journal of Project Management,1996,14(5):289-299
[46]武鹏.建筑工程施工质量控制及评价方法研究.西安建筑科技大学硕士论文.2005:36-39
[47]白思俊.系统工程.北京:电子工业出版社,2006:81-82 93-98
[48]A.Jaafari.Project and program diagnostics:A systemic approach.International Journal of Project Management,2007,25(8):781-790
[49]Nasreddin Dhafr,Munir Ahmad,Brian Burgess,Siva Canagassababady.Improvement of quality performance in manufacturing organizations by minimization of production defects.Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing,2006,22(5,6):536-542
[50]王从陆,吴超,李树清.基于解释结构模型的事故原因层次分析.矿业研究与开发,2004,24(5):77-79
[51]R.Navon.Research in automated measurement of project performance indicators.Automation in Construction,2007,16(2):176-188
[52]Thomas G.Johns.On creating organizational support for the Project Management Method.International Journal of Project Management,1999,17(1):47-53
[53]胡仲春.基于关键利益相关方的施工项目质量保证体系研究.山东大学硕士论文.2006:32-35
[54]李志民.建筑施工项目质量保证体系建立的研究.科技经济市场,2006,(5):6-7
[55]Alfredo Serpell.Integrating quality systems in construction projects:the Chilean case.International Journal of Project Management,1999,17(5):317-322
[56]刘力.工程项目质量控制研究与探讨.天津大学硕士论文.2004:26-28
[57].Alfredo Serpell,Luis Fernando Alarc(?)n.Construction process improvement methodology for construction projects.International Journal of Project Management,1998,16(4):215-221
[58]李忠富.日本住宅质量保证的认证系统.建筑经济,1998,(3):40-42
[59]王宝刚.中外住宅质量保证制度比较(二).建筑经济,2000,(1):39-40