气体传感器在乘用车空调控制系统中的应用
摘要
随着科学技术的发展,人们生活水平的提高,乘用车的使用日趋普遍,人们停留在车室内的时间也越来越长,乘用车车室空间狭窄,密闭性强,由于汽车燃油废气,装饰物散发的气味,以及人为的吸烟等都会降低车室环境的空气质量,车内的空气污染对司乘人员构成了新的威胁,为解决车室内空气污染问题,本文对气体传感器在乘用车空调控制系统中应用进行研究。
本论文设计了两个智能车载网络传感器模块、一个主控智能模块和四个气体传感器检测电路,其中一个单片机智能传感器模块主要由AT89S52单片机、AD7862、MAX232和SJA1000控制器等组成;另一个ARM智能传感器模块主要由LPC2378芯片、SP3232EEA、JTAG接口、TJA1040控制器和6N137高速光耦等组成,主控智能模块设计和ARM智能传感器模块相同,它还外接键盘、液晶、换气系统驱动模块。三个智能模块都接在CAN总线上,两个智能传感器模块主要向主控智能模块提供气体传感器所检测的气体浓度信息,当主控智能模块接收到传感器信息时,判断气体浓度是否超标,如果没有超标,显示当前相关气体浓度信息;如果超标,判断报警并控制PWM波输出,同时驱动两个直流风机的运转,排走车内空气,换进外面的新鲜空气,起到车室的换气作用。
论文首先介绍了课题依据、研究理论、实际意义、国内外发展现状和趋势,接着介绍了系统硬件和软件的设计与实现,最后通过现场调试实验分析,验证本系统设计方法的可行性。本论文所设计的气体传感器在乘用车空调控制系统中应用具有一定的使用价值,该研究对汽车车室环境中空气质量的监控及带来的社会、人身安全等问题具有十分重要的意义。
With the development of science and technology and the improvement of people's life, more and more passenger cars has become common used and people also goes by the long staying in the car. For the narrow room, high tightness inside cars, the air quality can be easily polluted by fuel emissions, decoration smell and artificial smoking. The air pollution inside cars has posed a new threat to the vehicle drivers and passengers, in order to solve the problem; the paper has applied the gas sensors into the air-conditioning control system in the car.
There are two intelligent vehicle network sensor modules, a main control module and four gas sensor conditioning circuits are designed in the paper. A single chip intelligent sensor module mainly is composed of Single chip AT89S52, Controller AD7862, MAX232 and SJA1000 etc. Another ARM intelligent sensor module is formed by Chip LPC2378, Interface SP3232EEA , JTAG, Controller TJA1040 and High-speed coupler 6N137 etc. the master controlling intelligent sensor module the same as the ARM intelligent sensor module .it expect that externally connected with the driving modules ,an keyboard, LCD and ventilation system. Three intelligent modules connect with the CAN-Bus, two smart sensor modules mainly provide the gas concentration detected by the gas sensor to the master intelligent module, and the master module will determine the pollution level as soon as it receives the information, and displays the current gas concentration if not exceeded, while gives alarms and controls the output of wave PWM when exceeded, driving two DC fan's operation, changing the air between inside and outside the car.
Paper first introduces the research theory of the subject's basis, practical significance, domestic and international situation and tendency, then describes the design and implementation of system hardware and software, finally checks the system design possibility according to the analysis of on-site test. The gas sensors designed in the paper has a certain value in the application of passenger car air-conditioning control system, the study also has great significance in air quality monitoring in vehicle room environment and social, physical security and other issues goes by.
本论文设计了两个智能车载网络传感器模块、一个主控智能模块和四个气体传感器检测电路,其中一个单片机智能传感器模块主要由AT89S52单片机、AD7862、MAX232和SJA1000控制器等组成;另一个ARM智能传感器模块主要由LPC2378芯片、SP3232EEA、JTAG接口、TJA1040控制器和6N137高速光耦等组成,主控智能模块设计和ARM智能传感器模块相同,它还外接键盘、液晶、换气系统驱动模块。三个智能模块都接在CAN总线上,两个智能传感器模块主要向主控智能模块提供气体传感器所检测的气体浓度信息,当主控智能模块接收到传感器信息时,判断气体浓度是否超标,如果没有超标,显示当前相关气体浓度信息;如果超标,判断报警并控制PWM波输出,同时驱动两个直流风机的运转,排走车内空气,换进外面的新鲜空气,起到车室的换气作用。
论文首先介绍了课题依据、研究理论、实际意义、国内外发展现状和趋势,接着介绍了系统硬件和软件的设计与实现,最后通过现场调试实验分析,验证本系统设计方法的可行性。本论文所设计的气体传感器在乘用车空调控制系统中应用具有一定的使用价值,该研究对汽车车室环境中空气质量的监控及带来的社会、人身安全等问题具有十分重要的意义。
With the development of science and technology and the improvement of people's life, more and more passenger cars has become common used and people also goes by the long staying in the car. For the narrow room, high tightness inside cars, the air quality can be easily polluted by fuel emissions, decoration smell and artificial smoking. The air pollution inside cars has posed a new threat to the vehicle drivers and passengers, in order to solve the problem; the paper has applied the gas sensors into the air-conditioning control system in the car.
There are two intelligent vehicle network sensor modules, a main control module and four gas sensor conditioning circuits are designed in the paper. A single chip intelligent sensor module mainly is composed of Single chip AT89S52, Controller AD7862, MAX232 and SJA1000 etc. Another ARM intelligent sensor module is formed by Chip LPC2378, Interface SP3232EEA , JTAG, Controller TJA1040 and High-speed coupler 6N137 etc. the master controlling intelligent sensor module the same as the ARM intelligent sensor module .it expect that externally connected with the driving modules ,an keyboard, LCD and ventilation system. Three intelligent modules connect with the CAN-Bus, two smart sensor modules mainly provide the gas concentration detected by the gas sensor to the master intelligent module, and the master module will determine the pollution level as soon as it receives the information, and displays the current gas concentration if not exceeded, while gives alarms and controls the output of wave PWM when exceeded, driving two DC fan's operation, changing the air between inside and outside the car.
Paper first introduces the research theory of the subject's basis, practical significance, domestic and international situation and tendency, then describes the design and implementation of system hardware and software, finally checks the system design possibility according to the analysis of on-site test. The gas sensors designed in the paper has a certain value in the application of passenger car air-conditioning control system, the study also has great significance in air quality monitoring in vehicle room environment and social, physical security and other issues goes by.
引文
[1]孙琦,过学迅.汽车内有害气体检测现状与发展趋势.上海汽车.2008(7):41-43
[2]韩峻峰,杨叙,钟永彦.用于新型汽车空调的智能检测系统设计.机床与液压.2007,35(7):122-123
[3]赵继宝.汽车液位传感器外壳模具设计及拉深过程研究. 20070101:21-25
[4]李胡国,韩峻峰,杨叙.基于ARM控制器的车用CAN通讯节点设计.广西工学院学报.2008年12月第19卷第4期.
[5]周栩.基于现场CAN的自助式智能电动执行器设计.西安电子科技大学硕士学位论文.
[6]张利民.基于CAN总线的智能执行器的研究开发.西安理工大学硕士学位论文.
[7]程跃,康劲松,徐国卿.一种车用CAN总线网络测试系统的研究.电子应用. 2008年第27卷第1期.
[8]袁淑娟,陈仁文.CAN总线网络节点的实现及应用.江南大学学报.2005年6月.第4卷第3期.
[9] A distributed data acquisition and analysis system based on a CAN BUS 2007.8.2.(487-493).
[10] CAN-based synchronized motion control for induction motors. 2009.1.20. (55-61).
[11] Minimal Resource Allocation on CAN BUS Using Radial Basis Function Networks. 2007.7.16. (998-1005)
[12] Research on Multi-Parameter Physiological Monitor Based on CAN BUS 2008.5.17.(417-419).
[13] Design of Can-based Variable Rate Fertilizer Control System. 2008.3.25.(1317-1320).
[14] Security Threats to Automotive CAN Networks– Practical Examples and Selected Short-Term Countermeasures. 2008.9.20.(235-248).
[15]肖军.现代汽车的网络化、数字化.电子技术.2006年第01期.
[16]袁永东.计算机及网络技术在汽车上的应用.科技咨询导报.NO.06
[17]曹汇敏,陈幼平,张冈等.嵌入式网络化智能光纤传感器.仪表技术与传感器.2006(4):1-3
[18]黄延辉,崔更中,古天龙.网络传感器操作系统设计.传感器与微系统.2006,25(10):44-46
[19]王钰.车载CAN总线网络统一用32位微控制器.世界电子元器件.2008(7):56-57
[20]杜辉,胥芳,陈教料.基于CAN总线网络技术的温室控制系统设计.《机床与液压》2004.No.6
[21]曹汇敏,陈幼平,张冈等.嵌入式网络化智能光纤传感器.仪表技术与传感器.2006(4):1-3
[22]胡冠山,姚彦青.无线网络传感器能量收集管理技术.信号与系统.2006(3):33-36
[23]谢望.气体传感器技术的现状和发展趋势.仪器仪表用户.2006(5):1-2
[24]刘新,李淑娥.气体传感器的应用与发展.中国西部科技.2008(5):13-15
[25]汽车传感器应用现状及发展趋势调研报告. china auto & motorbike par.
[26]吴良胜.汽车空气量传感器的最新进展及探讨.传感器世界.2005(7):16-18
[27]张宇.气体传感器在监测化工空气污染中的应用.内蒙古石油化工.2006(7):18-19
[28]赵方庚.车用传感器技术发展趋势.汽车维修与保养.2006(8):22-24
[29]吴良胜.汽车空气质量传感器的最新进展及探讨.传感器世界.2005年第07期
[30]气味湿度传感器自动调节车内空气质量和湿度.京华时报.2008.10.16.
[31] Catalytic properties of oxide nanoparticles applied in gas sensors. Volume 45, Numbers 1-4 / 2007.8. 10.1007/s11244-007-0248-1.
[32] Infrared Carbon Dioxide Sensor and its Applications in Automotive Air-Conditioning Systems. 2006.1.17.(323-333).
[33]王海峰.基于AT89S52数据采集系统。《国外电子元器件》[J],2008年4月第4期.(17-19).
[34] AD7862 data sheet [EB/OL]。Analog Device, Inc. 2005-07-12. World Wide Web Site: http://www.analog.com
[35]郭爱芳.传感器原理及应用[M]。西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2005.5.2.
[36]求是科技.单片机典型模块设计实例导航[M]。北京:人民邮电出版社,2004.139-147.
[37]王守中,赵朋朋,索世文.51单片机应用开发速查手册——指令、模块、实例.2009.4
[38]周立功. ARM微控制器基础与实战[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.
[39] specification sheet for co sensor type CO/MF-500.pdf.
[40] sensor type M-03.pdf
[41] CO2模块-6004(OEM应用).pdf.
[42] sensor type MQ-5.pdf
[43] http://www.zlgmcu.com/home.asp.
[44] http://www.alldatasheet.cn.
[45] http://www.can-cia.org.
[46]广州致远电子有限公司.KS0108B.pdf.
[47]邵贝贝.μC/OS-Ⅱ-源码公开的实时嵌入式操作系统[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2001.
[48]广州致远电子有限公司.深入浅出ARM7–LPC2300[M]. 2007.
[49]广州致远电子有限公司.μC/OS-Ⅱ微小内核分析与程序设计一基于LPC2300[M]. 2007.
[50]曾允文.变频调速技术基础教程.北京:机械工业出版社,2009.1
[51] L298N sheet.pdf.
[52]王海洋.非晶材料性测量和温度控制系统的设计.兰州理工大学硕士学位论文.
[53]甘露.嵌入式CAN应用层协议控制器与实现.西南交通大学硕士学位论文.2007
[2]韩峻峰,杨叙,钟永彦.用于新型汽车空调的智能检测系统设计.机床与液压.2007,35(7):122-123
[3]赵继宝.汽车液位传感器外壳模具设计及拉深过程研究. 20070101:21-25
[4]李胡国,韩峻峰,杨叙.基于ARM控制器的车用CAN通讯节点设计.广西工学院学报.2008年12月第19卷第4期.
[5]周栩.基于现场CAN的自助式智能电动执行器设计.西安电子科技大学硕士学位论文.
[6]张利民.基于CAN总线的智能执行器的研究开发.西安理工大学硕士学位论文.
[7]程跃,康劲松,徐国卿.一种车用CAN总线网络测试系统的研究.电子应用. 2008年第27卷第1期.
[8]袁淑娟,陈仁文.CAN总线网络节点的实现及应用.江南大学学报.2005年6月.第4卷第3期.
[9] A distributed data acquisition and analysis system based on a CAN BUS 2007.8.2.(487-493).
[10] CAN-based synchronized motion control for induction motors. 2009.1.20. (55-61).
[11] Minimal Resource Allocation on CAN BUS Using Radial Basis Function Networks. 2007.7.16. (998-1005)
[12] Research on Multi-Parameter Physiological Monitor Based on CAN BUS 2008.5.17.(417-419).
[13] Design of Can-based Variable Rate Fertilizer Control System. 2008.3.25.(1317-1320).
[14] Security Threats to Automotive CAN Networks– Practical Examples and Selected Short-Term Countermeasures. 2008.9.20.(235-248).
[15]肖军.现代汽车的网络化、数字化.电子技术.2006年第01期.
[16]袁永东.计算机及网络技术在汽车上的应用.科技咨询导报.NO.06
[17]曹汇敏,陈幼平,张冈等.嵌入式网络化智能光纤传感器.仪表技术与传感器.2006(4):1-3
[18]黄延辉,崔更中,古天龙.网络传感器操作系统设计.传感器与微系统.2006,25(10):44-46
[19]王钰.车载CAN总线网络统一用32位微控制器.世界电子元器件.2008(7):56-57
[20]杜辉,胥芳,陈教料.基于CAN总线网络技术的温室控制系统设计.《机床与液压》2004.No.6
[21]曹汇敏,陈幼平,张冈等.嵌入式网络化智能光纤传感器.仪表技术与传感器.2006(4):1-3
[22]胡冠山,姚彦青.无线网络传感器能量收集管理技术.信号与系统.2006(3):33-36
[23]谢望.气体传感器技术的现状和发展趋势.仪器仪表用户.2006(5):1-2
[24]刘新,李淑娥.气体传感器的应用与发展.中国西部科技.2008(5):13-15
[25]汽车传感器应用现状及发展趋势调研报告. china auto & motorbike par.
[26]吴良胜.汽车空气量传感器的最新进展及探讨.传感器世界.2005(7):16-18
[27]张宇.气体传感器在监测化工空气污染中的应用.内蒙古石油化工.2006(7):18-19
[28]赵方庚.车用传感器技术发展趋势.汽车维修与保养.2006(8):22-24
[29]吴良胜.汽车空气质量传感器的最新进展及探讨.传感器世界.2005年第07期
[30]气味湿度传感器自动调节车内空气质量和湿度.京华时报.2008.10.16.
[31] Catalytic properties of oxide nanoparticles applied in gas sensors. Volume 45, Numbers 1-4 / 2007.8. 10.1007/s11244-007-0248-1.
[32] Infrared Carbon Dioxide Sensor and its Applications in Automotive Air-Conditioning Systems. 2006.1.17.(323-333).
[33]王海峰.基于AT89S52数据采集系统。《国外电子元器件》[J],2008年4月第4期.(17-19).
[34] AD7862 data sheet [EB/OL]。Analog Device, Inc. 2005-07-12. World Wide Web Site: http://www.analog.com
[35]郭爱芳.传感器原理及应用[M]。西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2005.5.2.
[36]求是科技.单片机典型模块设计实例导航[M]。北京:人民邮电出版社,2004.139-147.
[37]王守中,赵朋朋,索世文.51单片机应用开发速查手册——指令、模块、实例.2009.4
[38]周立功. ARM微控制器基础与实战[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.
[39] specification sheet for co sensor type CO/MF-500.pdf.
[40] sensor type M-03.pdf
[41] CO2模块-6004(OEM应用).pdf.
[42] sensor type MQ-5.pdf
[43] http://www.zlgmcu.com/home.asp.
[44] http://www.alldatasheet.cn.
[45] http://www.can-cia.org.
[46]广州致远电子有限公司.KS0108B.pdf.
[47]邵贝贝.μC/OS-Ⅱ-源码公开的实时嵌入式操作系统[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2001.
[48]广州致远电子有限公司.深入浅出ARM7–LPC2300[M]. 2007.
[49]广州致远电子有限公司.μC/OS-Ⅱ微小内核分析与程序设计一基于LPC2300[M]. 2007.
[50]曾允文.变频调速技术基础教程.北京:机械工业出版社,2009.1
[51] L298N sheet.pdf.
[52]王海洋.非晶材料性测量和温度控制系统的设计.兰州理工大学硕士学位论文.
[53]甘露.嵌入式CAN应用层协议控制器与实现.西南交通大学硕士学位论文.2007