传递路径中声源串扰消除问题研究
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摘要
噪声控制一般从三方面着手,即声源控制、传播途径控制和接受者保护。其中最根本的方法是声源控制。实现声源控制最重要的是正确识别出主要噪声源,从而可以采取针对性的措施来控制声源。
在实际结构中,在多个噪声源同时传播的情况下,声源间会彼此产生串扰,加大了求取主导噪声源的难度。
目前,在振动噪声分析领域,传递路径分析方法(TPA)发展很快,它试图解决找出主要激励源的问题,然而传统的传递路径分析法不能很好的消除串扰,因此需要对传统传递路径分析法进行改良优化。
本文在掌握传递路径分析理论原理的基础上,通过对传统传递路径分析步骤逐一拆解,在其中加入消除声源串扰的步骤。结合完全Cholesky分解预处理和最小二乘方法,对病态方程组进行有效求解,优化了传递路径分析法,更好的求出主要的噪声与振动激励源。通过对声源串扰消除计算过程进行Gui界面编程设计,使这个方法能方便、稳定、高效的运用到噪声振动工程实践中。
在理论推导有效的情况下,再进行一系列的试验验证,结果显示,串扰消除方法作用明显,能解决声源串扰的问题,经过优化后的传递路径分析法比传统的传递路径分析法效果明显,更准确的找出主要噪声源。
Generally, We have three methods to control noise. They are sound source control, route of transmission control and receiver protection. The most fundamental method is source control. Identifying the main noise source correctly is the most important thing to achieve the goal of source control. So we can take targeted measures to control the sound source.
In the actual structure, multiple noise sources spread at the same time, the sound source will produce crosstalk with each other. It will increase the difficulty of getting the dominant noise source.
In the field of noise and vibration, transfer path analysis (TPA) has developed rapidly. It is trying to solve the problem of identifying the main excitation source. However, the traditional transfer path analysis method cannot eliminate the crosstalk. Therefore, we need to improve the traditional TPA.
In this paper, with the mastering of TPA theory, I first decompose the traditional TPA process, and then add steps to eliminate the sound crosstalk. I combine the incomplete Cholesky decomposition pre-processing and least squares methods to solve pathological equations which can make TPA better to find the noise and vibration excitation source. After that, I start Gui interface programming to make convenient, stable and efficient use in noise and vibration engineering practice.
Finding out that the theory very effective, I start a series of experimental verification, the results show that the method of crosstalk cancellation is effective and the optimized TPA is better than the traditional TPA. It can solve sound crosstalk problem and identify the main noise source.
在实际结构中,在多个噪声源同时传播的情况下,声源间会彼此产生串扰,加大了求取主导噪声源的难度。
目前,在振动噪声分析领域,传递路径分析方法(TPA)发展很快,它试图解决找出主要激励源的问题,然而传统的传递路径分析法不能很好的消除串扰,因此需要对传统传递路径分析法进行改良优化。
本文在掌握传递路径分析理论原理的基础上,通过对传统传递路径分析步骤逐一拆解,在其中加入消除声源串扰的步骤。结合完全Cholesky分解预处理和最小二乘方法,对病态方程组进行有效求解,优化了传递路径分析法,更好的求出主要的噪声与振动激励源。通过对声源串扰消除计算过程进行Gui界面编程设计,使这个方法能方便、稳定、高效的运用到噪声振动工程实践中。
在理论推导有效的情况下,再进行一系列的试验验证,结果显示,串扰消除方法作用明显,能解决声源串扰的问题,经过优化后的传递路径分析法比传统的传递路径分析法效果明显,更准确的找出主要噪声源。
Generally, We have three methods to control noise. They are sound source control, route of transmission control and receiver protection. The most fundamental method is source control. Identifying the main noise source correctly is the most important thing to achieve the goal of source control. So we can take targeted measures to control the sound source.
In the actual structure, multiple noise sources spread at the same time, the sound source will produce crosstalk with each other. It will increase the difficulty of getting the dominant noise source.
In the field of noise and vibration, transfer path analysis (TPA) has developed rapidly. It is trying to solve the problem of identifying the main excitation source. However, the traditional transfer path analysis method cannot eliminate the crosstalk. Therefore, we need to improve the traditional TPA.
In this paper, with the mastering of TPA theory, I first decompose the traditional TPA process, and then add steps to eliminate the sound crosstalk. I combine the incomplete Cholesky decomposition pre-processing and least squares methods to solve pathological equations which can make TPA better to find the noise and vibration excitation source. After that, I start Gui interface programming to make convenient, stable and efficient use in noise and vibration engineering practice.
Finding out that the theory very effective, I start a series of experimental verification, the results show that the method of crosstalk cancellation is effective and the optimized TPA is better than the traditional TPA. It can solve sound crosstalk problem and identify the main noise source.
引文
[1]张艳红,韩少军.城市环境噪声污染的特征与防治对策[J].环境,2007(7):92-93
[2]赵良省.噪声与振动控制技术[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2005
[3]刘唐.铁路客车车内噪声的分析研究[D].辽宁：大连交通大学,2007
[4]J. Verheij. Experimental procedures for quantifying sound paths to the interior of road vehicles[C]. Proceeding of the 2nd International Conference on Vehicle Comfort. Bologna, Italy. 1992:483-491
[5]P. van der Linden, H. Floetke. Comparing inverse force identification and the mount stiffness force identification methods for noise contribution analysis[C]. ISMA Conference, Leuven, Belgium, 2004:7-14
[6]R. Freymann, R. Stryczek. Noise path analysis and optimization[C]. Proceeding of Unikeller Conference, Zurich,1995:1-5
[7]P. Mas, K. Wyckaert. Indirect force identification based upon impedance matrix inversion:a study on statistical and deterministically accuracy[C]. ISMA Conference, Leuven, Belgium,1994:3-6
[8]翁建生.基于声强法的车辆车外噪声的噪声源识别[J].LMS中国用户大会,2008:2-3
[9]陈心昭.噪声源识别技术的进展[J].合肥工业大学学报,2009,32(5):609-614
[10]李传兵,徐小敏,王新文,胡成太.传递路径分析法(TPA)进行车内噪声优化的应用研究.长安汽车工程研究院,2004:1-3
[11]刘东明,项党,罗清,郑金鑫.传递路径分析技术在车内噪声与振动研究与分析中的应用[J].噪声与振动控制,2007,27(5)：73-77
[12]余琪,周弦.传递路径分析用于车内噪声贡献量的研究[J].汽车技术,2010(3):16-19
[13]郭荣,万刚,左曙光.燃料屯池轿车车内噪声传递路径分析研究[J].汽车工程,2007,29(8)：635-641
[14]赵彤航.基于传递路径分析的汽车车内噪声识别与控制[D].吉林：吉林大学,2008
[15]周锦佳.基于传递路径分析的摩托车手把振动研究[D].重庆：重庆大学,2009
[16]De Klerk, Dennis, Lohrmann,martin, Quickert, Martin and Foken, Wolfgang Muller-BBM Vibro Akustick B.V. Application of operational transfer path analysis on a classic car[J], 2009:1-6
[17]K.Noumura, J.Yoshida. Method of Transfer Path Analysis for interior vehicle sound by actual measurement[J]. Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan, May, 2006
[18]D.de Klerk. Dynamic response characterization of complex systems through operational identification and dynamic sub structuring[D]. Delft Uuiversity, 2009
[19]LMS International. Transfer Path Analysis:The qualification and quantification of vibro-acoustic transfer paths[J]. LMS International, Application Notes. 1995:2-8
[20]Moller, N. Batel, M. Henderson, F. Obtaining maximum value from source/path contribution analysis[J]. JSAE Annual Congress Proceeding. 2005:3-9
[21]郭荣.车内噪声传递路径分析方法探讨[J].振动、测试与诊断,2007(3):1-4
[22]Kyuse, M., Takahashi, K., Sakai, T., Improving suspension and engine mount Transfer Path Analysis accuracy with respect to low frequency noise and vibration[J]. Honda R&D Technical Review 2004,16(1):197-200
[23]Y. Kim, O. Deille, and P. A. Nelson. Crosstalk cancellation in virtual acoustic imaging systems for multiple listeners[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2006, 297(2):251-266
[24]M. Kallinger and A. Mertins. A spatially robust least squares crosstalk canceller[C]. Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP'07),2007:177-180
[25]M. R. Bai and C.-C. Lee. Objective and subjective analysis of effects of listening angle on crosstalk cancellation in spatial sound reproduction [J]. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2006, 120(4):1976-1989
[26]T. Lentz. Dynamic crosstalk cancellation for binaural synthesis in virtual reality environments. Journal of the Audio Engineering Society[J].2006, 54(4):283-294
[27]林胜良.病态线性方程组解法研究[D].浙江：浙江大学,2005
[28]邢志栋.曹建荣.矩阵数值分析[M].西安：陕西科学技术出版社,1999
[29]高艳春.矩阵数值分析中两种类型的条件数及其作用[J].固原师专学报,2001(3):4-10
[30]朱方生,李大美,李素贞.计算方法[M].湖北：武汉大学出版社,2003
[31]邓建中,,葛仁杰,程正兴.计算方法[M].陕西：西安交大出版社,1985
[32]林成森.数值计算方法(下册)[M].北京：科学出版社,1998
[33]蔡大用.数值代数[M].北京：清华大学出版社,1987
[34]刘美娟.关于求解病态方程组的残量迭代算法[Jl].九江师专学报,1994(6):7-11
[35]张春梅,姚晟.要加权迭代改善法解病态方程组的研究[J].安庆师范学院学报(自然科学版),2004,10(1)：78-79
[36]徐树方.矩阵计算的理论与方法[M].北京：北京大学出版社,1995
[37]杨娟.最小二乘法在尘埃粒子计数器中的应用[J].仪表技术与传感器,2001(3):6-15
[38]蒋长锦.科学计算和C程序集[M].合肥：中国科学技术大学出版社,1998
[39]蔡恒恩.基于MATLAB/GUI处理喷雾图像的研究[D].陕西：长安大学,2009
[40]Daboczi T. How to test graphical user interfaces [J]. IEEE Instrumentation &Measurement Magazine, 2003(9):27-33
[41]施晓红,周佳.精通GUI图形界面编程[M].北京：北京大学出版社,2003：9-11
[2]赵良省.噪声与振动控制技术[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2005
[3]刘唐.铁路客车车内噪声的分析研究[D].辽宁：大连交通大学,2007
[4]J. Verheij. Experimental procedures for quantifying sound paths to the interior of road vehicles[C]. Proceeding of the 2nd International Conference on Vehicle Comfort. Bologna, Italy. 1992:483-491
[5]P. van der Linden, H. Floetke. Comparing inverse force identification and the mount stiffness force identification methods for noise contribution analysis[C]. ISMA Conference, Leuven, Belgium, 2004:7-14
[6]R. Freymann, R. Stryczek. Noise path analysis and optimization[C]. Proceeding of Unikeller Conference, Zurich,1995:1-5
[7]P. Mas, K. Wyckaert. Indirect force identification based upon impedance matrix inversion:a study on statistical and deterministically accuracy[C]. ISMA Conference, Leuven, Belgium,1994:3-6
[8]翁建生.基于声强法的车辆车外噪声的噪声源识别[J].LMS中国用户大会,2008:2-3
[9]陈心昭.噪声源识别技术的进展[J].合肥工业大学学报,2009,32(5):609-614
[10]李传兵,徐小敏,王新文,胡成太.传递路径分析法(TPA)进行车内噪声优化的应用研究.长安汽车工程研究院,2004:1-3
[11]刘东明,项党,罗清,郑金鑫.传递路径分析技术在车内噪声与振动研究与分析中的应用[J].噪声与振动控制,2007,27(5)：73-77
[12]余琪,周弦.传递路径分析用于车内噪声贡献量的研究[J].汽车技术,2010(3):16-19
[13]郭荣,万刚,左曙光.燃料屯池轿车车内噪声传递路径分析研究[J].汽车工程,2007,29(8)：635-641
[14]赵彤航.基于传递路径分析的汽车车内噪声识别与控制[D].吉林：吉林大学,2008
[15]周锦佳.基于传递路径分析的摩托车手把振动研究[D].重庆：重庆大学,2009
[16]De Klerk, Dennis, Lohrmann,martin, Quickert, Martin and Foken, Wolfgang Muller-BBM Vibro Akustick B.V. Application of operational transfer path analysis on a classic car[J], 2009:1-6
[17]K.Noumura, J.Yoshida. Method of Transfer Path Analysis for interior vehicle sound by actual measurement[J]. Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan, May, 2006
[18]D.de Klerk. Dynamic response characterization of complex systems through operational identification and dynamic sub structuring[D]. Delft Uuiversity, 2009
[19]LMS International. Transfer Path Analysis:The qualification and quantification of vibro-acoustic transfer paths[J]. LMS International, Application Notes. 1995:2-8
[20]Moller, N. Batel, M. Henderson, F. Obtaining maximum value from source/path contribution analysis[J]. JSAE Annual Congress Proceeding. 2005:3-9
[21]郭荣.车内噪声传递路径分析方法探讨[J].振动、测试与诊断,2007(3):1-4
[22]Kyuse, M., Takahashi, K., Sakai, T., Improving suspension and engine mount Transfer Path Analysis accuracy with respect to low frequency noise and vibration[J]. Honda R&D Technical Review 2004,16(1):197-200
[23]Y. Kim, O. Deille, and P. A. Nelson. Crosstalk cancellation in virtual acoustic imaging systems for multiple listeners[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2006, 297(2):251-266
[24]M. Kallinger and A. Mertins. A spatially robust least squares crosstalk canceller[C]. Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP'07),2007:177-180
[25]M. R. Bai and C.-C. Lee. Objective and subjective analysis of effects of listening angle on crosstalk cancellation in spatial sound reproduction [J]. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2006, 120(4):1976-1989
[26]T. Lentz. Dynamic crosstalk cancellation for binaural synthesis in virtual reality environments. Journal of the Audio Engineering Society[J].2006, 54(4):283-294
[27]林胜良.病态线性方程组解法研究[D].浙江：浙江大学,2005
[28]邢志栋.曹建荣.矩阵数值分析[M].西安：陕西科学技术出版社,1999
[29]高艳春.矩阵数值分析中两种类型的条件数及其作用[J].固原师专学报,2001(3):4-10
[30]朱方生,李大美,李素贞.计算方法[M].湖北：武汉大学出版社,2003
[31]邓建中,,葛仁杰,程正兴.计算方法[M].陕西：西安交大出版社,1985
[32]林成森.数值计算方法(下册)[M].北京：科学出版社,1998
[33]蔡大用.数值代数[M].北京：清华大学出版社,1987
[34]刘美娟.关于求解病态方程组的残量迭代算法[Jl].九江师专学报,1994(6):7-11
[35]张春梅,姚晟.要加权迭代改善法解病态方程组的研究[J].安庆师范学院学报(自然科学版),2004,10(1)：78-79
[36]徐树方.矩阵计算的理论与方法[M].北京：北京大学出版社,1995
[37]杨娟.最小二乘法在尘埃粒子计数器中的应用[J].仪表技术与传感器,2001(3):6-15
[38]蒋长锦.科学计算和C程序集[M].合肥：中国科学技术大学出版社,1998
[39]蔡恒恩.基于MATLAB/GUI处理喷雾图像的研究[D].陕西：长安大学,2009
[40]Daboczi T. How to test graphical user interfaces [J]. IEEE Instrumentation &Measurement Magazine, 2003(9):27-33
[41]施晓红,周佳.精通GUI图形界面编程[M].北京：北京大学出版社,2003：9-11