梅花鹿壁外消化腺的大体解剖学与组织学研究
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摘要
梅花鹿是我国一级保护动物。梅花鹿以丰富的药用价值著称,其全身都可入药,因此经济价值不可限量。消化腺是动物进行消化和分解食物的重要器官,因此,本研究以大体解剖学方法和组织学切片法研究梅花鹿壁外消化腺(腮腺、颌下腺、舌下腺、肝脏、胰腺)。试验方法为大体解剖观察与拍照,切取组织块经石蜡包埋、切片、H.E染色和Mallovy-Heidenhain-Azan三色染色、显微镜下观察并照相等步骤,对梅花鹿正常生理状态下的壁外消化腺的形态进行观察。
大体解剖研究结果:腮腺为长方形,片状,颜色为淡粉红色。颌下腺呈长柱状,颜色为淡粉色。舌下腺只有单口舌下腺,呈马蹄铁状,淡黄色。肝脏略呈不规则的四边形,分叶不明显,呈红褐色,无胆囊。胰腺为不正的四边形,呈淡粉色,柔软而多具小叶的分支结构。
组织结构研究结果:唾液腺中腮腺为纯浆液性腺,颌下腺和舌下腺为混合性腺。闰管为腮腺最长,颌下腺次之,舌下腺最短。肝脏中小叶分界不明显,肝细胞呈多边形,体积较大。胰腺外分泌部为纯浆液性腺,胰岛内可见A、B、D三种细胞。
本研究旨在丰富哺乳动物的比较形态学内容。为了解梅花鹿的消化生理和物质代谢,进一步研究梅花鹿的饲养管理及疾病的防治提供形态学依据。
Sika deers,which are the first grade protected animal in China,are famous for its affluent medicinal value.Furthermore,all of its organs can be used to make medicine. Therefore,the economic value of the sika deers is unlimited.The digestive gland is a kind of important organ digesting and resoloving food.By using gross anatomy and histological sectioning,we have studied sika deers' digestive gland outside of the digestive duct,which include parotid gland,submandibular gland,sublingual gland,liver and pancreatic gland.In this essay,digestive gland outside of the digestive duct was studied by gross anatomy and histological slice.First,digestive gland was observed, measured and taken a photograph.Then,tissue pieces were taken to paraffin imbedding, and cut,H.E dyeing and Mallovy-Heidenhain-Azan trichrome stain were applying in the following steps.Finally,the histological slices were observed under the microscope and taken micrograph.By these steps,the normal anatomic structure and micro-shape of gland of sika deers is observed.
The results of gross anatomy are follows:The color of parotid gland is pale pink and its shape is oblong and lamellar.The submandibular gland is long cylindrical and light pale pink.Only the simple aperture sublingual gland is observed.Its shape is horseshoes, and the colour is amber.The brunneus Liver has no vesica fellea and its shape is trapeziform,and sublobe is not obvious.The pancreatic gland is also trapeziform,soft and ight pale pink.The structure of pancreatic gland has ramus with sublobes.
The results of histological structure are follows:the parotid gland,one of salivary glands,is serous gland,both the submandibular gland and sublingual gland are mixed glands.The intercalary duct of parotid gland is longer than the salivary glands,while the sublingual gland is the shortest.The limit of the hepatic lobule is not clear.The liver cells are polygon and the volume of each cell is slightly larger than common cell.The Pars exocrina pancreatis is pure serous gland,three kinds of cells(A,B and D)can be seen in the pancreatic island.
This paper provides morphology basic for further study on digestion,materia metabolism,the raising management and cure disease of sika deer.Moreover,the content of morphology of mammalian is enriched.
大体解剖研究结果:腮腺为长方形,片状,颜色为淡粉红色。颌下腺呈长柱状,颜色为淡粉色。舌下腺只有单口舌下腺,呈马蹄铁状,淡黄色。肝脏略呈不规则的四边形,分叶不明显,呈红褐色,无胆囊。胰腺为不正的四边形,呈淡粉色,柔软而多具小叶的分支结构。
组织结构研究结果:唾液腺中腮腺为纯浆液性腺,颌下腺和舌下腺为混合性腺。闰管为腮腺最长,颌下腺次之,舌下腺最短。肝脏中小叶分界不明显,肝细胞呈多边形,体积较大。胰腺外分泌部为纯浆液性腺,胰岛内可见A、B、D三种细胞。
本研究旨在丰富哺乳动物的比较形态学内容。为了解梅花鹿的消化生理和物质代谢,进一步研究梅花鹿的饲养管理及疾病的防治提供形态学依据。
Sika deers,which are the first grade protected animal in China,are famous for its affluent medicinal value.Furthermore,all of its organs can be used to make medicine. Therefore,the economic value of the sika deers is unlimited.The digestive gland is a kind of important organ digesting and resoloving food.By using gross anatomy and histological sectioning,we have studied sika deers' digestive gland outside of the digestive duct,which include parotid gland,submandibular gland,sublingual gland,liver and pancreatic gland.In this essay,digestive gland outside of the digestive duct was studied by gross anatomy and histological slice.First,digestive gland was observed, measured and taken a photograph.Then,tissue pieces were taken to paraffin imbedding, and cut,H.E dyeing and Mallovy-Heidenhain-Azan trichrome stain were applying in the following steps.Finally,the histological slices were observed under the microscope and taken micrograph.By these steps,the normal anatomic structure and micro-shape of gland of sika deers is observed.
The results of gross anatomy are follows:The color of parotid gland is pale pink and its shape is oblong and lamellar.The submandibular gland is long cylindrical and light pale pink.Only the simple aperture sublingual gland is observed.Its shape is horseshoes, and the colour is amber.The brunneus Liver has no vesica fellea and its shape is trapeziform,and sublobe is not obvious.The pancreatic gland is also trapeziform,soft and ight pale pink.The structure of pancreatic gland has ramus with sublobes.
The results of histological structure are follows:the parotid gland,one of salivary glands,is serous gland,both the submandibular gland and sublingual gland are mixed glands.The intercalary duct of parotid gland is longer than the salivary glands,while the sublingual gland is the shortest.The limit of the hepatic lobule is not clear.The liver cells are polygon and the volume of each cell is slightly larger than common cell.The Pars exocrina pancreatis is pure serous gland,three kinds of cells(A,B and D)can be seen in the pancreatic island.
This paper provides morphology basic for further study on digestion,materia metabolism,the raising management and cure disease of sika deer.Moreover,the content of morphology of mammalian is enriched.
引文
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4 郭延蜀.四川梅花鹿食性的研究[J].四川师范学院学报(自然科学版),2001,22(2),112-113
5 熊彩云,高璜,黄晓凤等.梅花鹿生态学研究进展[J].江西林业科技,2007,3:44-46
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