虚拟技术在电工电子实验中的应用
摘要
本课题改善了当前传统的封闭式教学模式，对实验教学模式进行了创新。电子实验室的逐步开放，用户信息、实验数据的急速增加，海量的数据信息已经使得传统管理模式不能胜任现有的实验管理工作。因此，必须建立开放式实验室，让学生根据自己的兴趣爱好选择自己擅长的实验，反复地进行电路测试和故障查询，通过选择最佳的实验方案，采用优越的实验手段使得实验结果达到最佳。应用计算机科学、仪器技术和网络技术给电工电子实验室的发展注入活力。网络技术在仪器领域的渗透日益加深，将信息系统和测量系统通过Internet或Intranet无缝地连接起来，将现有的电子实验室建设成虚拟网络实验室，最大限度地做到资源共享。
本文分析了虚拟仪器的研究和开发，给EDA实验建设提供了新的思路。本文就开发的几款电工电子学常用的虚拟仪器，并自行搭建了一些小规模的实验平台，遵循电工电子实验的教学特点，结合电工电子实验的实例，将传统仪器和虚拟仪器的优缺点进行比较，分析已开发的虚拟仪器目前存在的一些优缺点。另外，还介绍了作者参与开发的实验管理系统平台，该平台为开放式虚拟网络实验室的搭建提供了基础；在文章的最后，对虚拟网络实验的功能、结构和实验方案作了详细的分析。开放式虚拟网络实验平台正在进一步建设和完善中，目的是让学生无论位于哪个地方，只要有网络和电脑，就能进行电工电子实验。
本项目涉及电工电子实验的仪器设计以及实验管理系统的应用与开发。拟解决的工程设计技术问题难度较大，工作量较大，该项目的圆满完成，为实验教学的改革提供了有益的建设性经验，研究成果在高校中有实际应用价值和推广价值。
This paper discribes a project which improves the old closed teaching mode and make some innovations to Lab-teaching. With the gradually opening of electronics laboratory , as well as the rapid increasement of user information and experimental data, a mass of data makes old management mode is unable to meet the need of experimental information management. Therefore, it is necessary for us to build an open laboratory, students can choose the optional experiments of their own according to their interests. By repeated circuit testing and fault inquiring, students can find a best way for experiments and produce good results. The development of applied computer science, instrumental technology and network technology ingect great vitality to the Electronic Laboratory. When web technique expands to the region of instrument, information system and measurement system can be linked with no seam, so current electronic laboratory can be developed to be a kind of virtual web laboratory through Internet or Intranet, which makes the limited resources can be shared furthest.
The research and development of Virtual instruments are decribed in this paper, which bring new idears to the construction of EDA laboratory. The author have tried to developed a few kind of virtual instruments which usually have been used in electric electronics experiments, and build a small-scale experimental platform. Combining the features of experimental teaching of Electrical and Electronic, we do some comparisons between traditional instruments and virtual instruments, and make analyses of the existing shortcomings of current virtual machines. In addition, a experimental management system has also been introduced in the paper, which involved me more than half year to do research about it. The experimental management system provide a foundation for the Open Laboratory. In the end, the author focuses on the structure and functions of virtual instrument, as well as a few methods of the implements of the whole VI platform. The opening virtual network laboratory is now in futher improvement. It aims to provide good service to the students and teachers and make them get access to the laboratory whenever and wherever as long as they are on Internet or Intranet.
The project introduced in this paper is involving virtual instruments designing and development and its application of experimental management system. The engineering problems of designing to be solved in this project are difficult and includes great massive work. The full completion of the project brings some benefitial designing experience for experimental teaching innovation. Also, it has great value in application and expanding in other universities.
本文分析了虚拟仪器的研究和开发，给EDA实验建设提供了新的思路。本文就开发的几款电工电子学常用的虚拟仪器，并自行搭建了一些小规模的实验平台，遵循电工电子实验的教学特点，结合电工电子实验的实例，将传统仪器和虚拟仪器的优缺点进行比较，分析已开发的虚拟仪器目前存在的一些优缺点。另外，还介绍了作者参与开发的实验管理系统平台，该平台为开放式虚拟网络实验室的搭建提供了基础；在文章的最后，对虚拟网络实验的功能、结构和实验方案作了详细的分析。开放式虚拟网络实验平台正在进一步建设和完善中，目的是让学生无论位于哪个地方，只要有网络和电脑，就能进行电工电子实验。
本项目涉及电工电子实验的仪器设计以及实验管理系统的应用与开发。拟解决的工程设计技术问题难度较大，工作量较大，该项目的圆满完成，为实验教学的改革提供了有益的建设性经验，研究成果在高校中有实际应用价值和推广价值。
This paper discribes a project which improves the old closed teaching mode and make some innovations to Lab-teaching. With the gradually opening of electronics laboratory , as well as the rapid increasement of user information and experimental data, a mass of data makes old management mode is unable to meet the need of experimental information management. Therefore, it is necessary for us to build an open laboratory, students can choose the optional experiments of their own according to their interests. By repeated circuit testing and fault inquiring, students can find a best way for experiments and produce good results. The development of applied computer science, instrumental technology and network technology ingect great vitality to the Electronic Laboratory. When web technique expands to the region of instrument, information system and measurement system can be linked with no seam, so current electronic laboratory can be developed to be a kind of virtual web laboratory through Internet or Intranet, which makes the limited resources can be shared furthest.
The research and development of Virtual instruments are decribed in this paper, which bring new idears to the construction of EDA laboratory. The author have tried to developed a few kind of virtual instruments which usually have been used in electric electronics experiments, and build a small-scale experimental platform. Combining the features of experimental teaching of Electrical and Electronic, we do some comparisons between traditional instruments and virtual instruments, and make analyses of the existing shortcomings of current virtual machines. In addition, a experimental management system has also been introduced in the paper, which involved me more than half year to do research about it. The experimental management system provide a foundation for the Open Laboratory. In the end, the author focuses on the structure and functions of virtual instrument, as well as a few methods of the implements of the whole VI platform. The opening virtual network laboratory is now in futher improvement. It aims to provide good service to the students and teachers and make them get access to the laboratory whenever and wherever as long as they are on Internet or Intranet.
The project introduced in this paper is involving virtual instruments designing and development and its application of experimental management system. The engineering problems of designing to be solved in this project are difficult and includes great massive work. The full completion of the project brings some benefitial designing experience for experimental teaching innovation. Also, it has great value in application and expanding in other universities.
引文
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2． 康泼，侯建民．虚拟仪器在高校实验室建设中的应用探讨．中国民航学院学报[J]．2002年第20卷第4期．
3． 李海涛，杨乐平．基于LabVIEW的分布式VXI仪器教学实验系统设计．Naional Instruments Customer solutions．
4． 张嘉琪，黄积涛，董迎，谢秀荣．基于虚拟仪器技术的物理化学实验系统的研究．National Instruments Customer solutions．
5． "Getting started with LabVIEW”，National Instruments Corporation，USA，2003
6． 时秋兰，赵伟，侯国屏．用NI虚拟仪器提升电工实验教学水平．National Instruments Customer solutions．
7． 周毅，江建军．基于虚拟仪器的网络虚拟实验室构建[J]．测控技术．2003年第22卷第12期．
8. W. Jang, and F. Yuan, "Design, of multicenter virtual oscillograph", China measurement technology, Vol.30 No.4, July, 2004.
9． 王敬喜，李裕能，牛玉新．基于LabWindows／CVI的网络化虚拟仪器．仪器仪表与分析监测[J]．2003年第4期．
10．杨乐平，李海涛，肖相生．LabVIEW程序设计与应用[M]．北京：电子工业出版社，2001．
11．朱治国，郑建荣，刘小平．虚拟仪器及其常用开发软件．现代仪器[J]．2004年第1期．
12. F. M. Li, B. L. Ren, and W. W. Liu, "the means of designing virtual instrument applications in LabVIEW environment", Journal of Shenyang University, Vol. 16, No.2, Apr.2004,China.
13. LabV1EW Data Acquisition Basics Manual, National Instruments Co. USA. 1998.
14. Neebel, D.J.,J.R. Blamdino and D.J. Lawrence, "Introduction to National Instruments LabView and Data Acquisition (DAQ)," and "Votage Dividers and Calibration," James Madison Univenity.
15．贾桂华．Visual C++实现虚拟仪器软件设计[J]．信息与电子工程．2004年第2卷第1期．
16．朱晓华，章玉鉴．用ActiveX控件构造虚拟仪器[J]．计算机应用．1998年第18卷第12期．
17．陈兵舫，杨乐平．基于LabWindows／CVI平台的仪器驱动器开发．国外电子测量技术．1998年第2期．
18．朱劫，马秦生，胡桂英．基于HPVEE平台的虚拟仪器系统的建立．通信电源技术[J]．1999年第3期．
19．左美云，邝孔武主编．信息系统的开发与管理教程[M]．清华大学出版社，2001(7)．
20．陈朗滨，王延和主编．现代实验室管理[M]．冶金工业出版社，1998(8)．
21．吴晓．基于浏览器／服务器的虚拟仪器实验室的研制．．机器制造与自动化[J]． 2005，34(1)：90-92．
22．孙美香，陈泉林，吕国伟等．基于Internet／Intranet的远程虚拟仪器．电子学报[J]．2002，30(9)：1400～1401．
23．林正盛．虚拟仪器技术及其发展[M]．国外电子测量技术．1997(2)：40-44．
24．杨耐生，等．通过计算机网络实现远程实验[J]．微型电脑应用，2003，(3)．
25．熊飞丽，等．远程实验系统中仪器的网络控制技术研究[J]．测控技术，2003，(2)．
26．周求湛，钱志鸿，刘萍萍，等．虚拟仪器与LabVIEW7 Express程序设计[M]．北京航空航天大学出版社，2004-06．
27．张亦华，等．网络远程实验的实践与思考[J]．实验技术与管理，2002，(1)．
28．肖巍，等．基于网络的实验硬件远程控制系统开发[J]．清华大学学报，2002，(6)．
29. SU Dan, LI Ren-fa, PENG Yong, et al. Construction of remote virtual experiment[J]. Application Research of Co mputers,2003,20(2): 117-119.
30. VijayKumar V, Kansari N, Groves J F, et al. Creation of web-based interactive virtual experiments on microelectronics for early engineering students[C]//32nd Ann. Frontiers Educ. Conf. IEEE, 2002,1: T4F-3-T4F-7.
31. Tektronix, Inc., http://www.tektronix.com/retrieved at December, 2004.
32. Mentor Graphics Corp., http://www.mentor.com/retrieved at December, 2006.
33. The Virtual Private Network Consortium, http://www.vpnc.org/, retrieved at August, 2006.
34. Microsoft Corporation, http://www.microsoft.com/, retrieved at November, 2006.
35. National Instruments Croporation, http://ni.com/china, retrieved at November, 2006.
36. MySQL Crop, http://www.mysql.com, retrieved at December, 2006.
37．George Reese,Randy Jay Yarger,Tim King,Hugh E．Williams主编．林琪，朱涛江译．MySQL权威指南(第二版)[M]．中国电力出版社，2003(3)．
38．孙鑫．Java Web开发详解[M]．电子工业出版社．2006(4)．
39．印曼．Java语言与面向对象程序设计[M]．清华大学出版社．2000(9)．
40．刘晓华，张健，周慧贞．JSP应用开发详解(第三版)[M]．电子工业出版社．2007(1)．
41．傅晓程，王小海，吴国忠．基于LabView的实验管理系统[J]．西南民族大学学报．2006．11第32卷第6期
2． 康泼，侯建民．虚拟仪器在高校实验室建设中的应用探讨．中国民航学院学报[J]．2002年第20卷第4期．
3． 李海涛，杨乐平．基于LabVIEW的分布式VXI仪器教学实验系统设计．Naional Instruments Customer solutions．
4． 张嘉琪，黄积涛，董迎，谢秀荣．基于虚拟仪器技术的物理化学实验系统的研究．National Instruments Customer solutions．
5． "Getting started with LabVIEW”，National Instruments Corporation，USA，2003
6． 时秋兰，赵伟，侯国屏．用NI虚拟仪器提升电工实验教学水平．National Instruments Customer solutions．
7． 周毅，江建军．基于虚拟仪器的网络虚拟实验室构建[J]．测控技术．2003年第22卷第12期．
8. W. Jang, and F. Yuan, "Design, of multicenter virtual oscillograph", China measurement technology, Vol.30 No.4, July, 2004.
9． 王敬喜，李裕能，牛玉新．基于LabWindows／CVI的网络化虚拟仪器．仪器仪表与分析监测[J]．2003年第4期．
10．杨乐平，李海涛，肖相生．LabVIEW程序设计与应用[M]．北京：电子工业出版社，2001．
11．朱治国，郑建荣，刘小平．虚拟仪器及其常用开发软件．现代仪器[J]．2004年第1期．
12. F. M. Li, B. L. Ren, and W. W. Liu, "the means of designing virtual instrument applications in LabVIEW environment", Journal of Shenyang University, Vol. 16, No.2, Apr.2004,China.
13. LabV1EW Data Acquisition Basics Manual, National Instruments Co. USA. 1998.
14. Neebel, D.J.,J.R. Blamdino and D.J. Lawrence, "Introduction to National Instruments LabView and Data Acquisition (DAQ)," and "Votage Dividers and Calibration," James Madison Univenity.
15．贾桂华．Visual C++实现虚拟仪器软件设计[J]．信息与电子工程．2004年第2卷第1期．
16．朱晓华，章玉鉴．用ActiveX控件构造虚拟仪器[J]．计算机应用．1998年第18卷第12期．
17．陈兵舫，杨乐平．基于LabWindows／CVI平台的仪器驱动器开发．国外电子测量技术．1998年第2期．
18．朱劫，马秦生，胡桂英．基于HPVEE平台的虚拟仪器系统的建立．通信电源技术[J]．1999年第3期．
19．左美云，邝孔武主编．信息系统的开发与管理教程[M]．清华大学出版社，2001(7)．
20．陈朗滨，王延和主编．现代实验室管理[M]．冶金工业出版社，1998(8)．
21．吴晓．基于浏览器／服务器的虚拟仪器实验室的研制．．机器制造与自动化[J]． 2005，34(1)：90-92．
22．孙美香，陈泉林，吕国伟等．基于Internet／Intranet的远程虚拟仪器．电子学报[J]．2002，30(9)：1400～1401．
23．林正盛．虚拟仪器技术及其发展[M]．国外电子测量技术．1997(2)：40-44．
24．杨耐生，等．通过计算机网络实现远程实验[J]．微型电脑应用，2003，(3)．
25．熊飞丽，等．远程实验系统中仪器的网络控制技术研究[J]．测控技术，2003，(2)．
26．周求湛，钱志鸿，刘萍萍，等．虚拟仪器与LabVIEW7 Express程序设计[M]．北京航空航天大学出版社，2004-06．
27．张亦华，等．网络远程实验的实践与思考[J]．实验技术与管理，2002，(1)．
28．肖巍，等．基于网络的实验硬件远程控制系统开发[J]．清华大学学报，2002，(6)．
29. SU Dan, LI Ren-fa, PENG Yong, et al. Construction of remote virtual experiment[J]. Application Research of Co mputers,2003,20(2): 117-119.
30. VijayKumar V, Kansari N, Groves J F, et al. Creation of web-based interactive virtual experiments on microelectronics for early engineering students[C]//32nd Ann. Frontiers Educ. Conf. IEEE, 2002,1: T4F-3-T4F-7.
31. Tektronix, Inc., http://www.tektronix.com/retrieved at December, 2004.
32. Mentor Graphics Corp., http://www.mentor.com/retrieved at December, 2006.
33. The Virtual Private Network Consortium, http://www.vpnc.org/, retrieved at August, 2006.
34. Microsoft Corporation, http://www.microsoft.com/, retrieved at November, 2006.
35. National Instruments Croporation, http://ni.com/china, retrieved at November, 2006.
36. MySQL Crop, http://www.mysql.com, retrieved at December, 2006.
37．George Reese,Randy Jay Yarger,Tim King,Hugh E．Williams主编．林琪，朱涛江译．MySQL权威指南(第二版)[M]．中国电力出版社，2003(3)．
38．孙鑫．Java Web开发详解[M]．电子工业出版社．2006(4)．
39．印曼．Java语言与面向对象程序设计[M]．清华大学出版社．2000(9)．
40．刘晓华，张健，周慧贞．JSP应用开发详解(第三版)[M]．电子工业出版社．2007(1)．
41．傅晓程，王小海，吴国忠．基于LabView的实验管理系统[J]．西南民族大学学报．2006．11第32卷第6期