基于固有频率的碳纤维布加固钢筋砼梁损伤研究
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摘要
本文在对国内外碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土梁和未加固钢筋混凝土梁动力特性研究统计分析的基础上，参照试验结果，对钢筋混凝土梁利用碳纤维布加固前后的损伤程度及损伤位置与钢筋混凝土梁固有频率之间的关系进行了有限元模拟分析。具体进行了以下几个方面的工作：
(1)根据试验构件，建立了钢筋混凝土梁的有限元模型，在无损伤状态下，对素混凝土梁、钢筋混凝土梁和碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土梁的各阶固有频率进行了有限元计算，并与试验结果对比，研究了无损伤状态下不同混凝土梁固有频率的关系，并根据结果，验证模型的正确性。
(2)利用有限元方法，分别计算了碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土梁和未加固钢筋混凝土梁的开裂荷载，并以此荷载为幅值，对碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土梁进行了动力谐响应分析，研究了其开裂荷载与结构固有频率之间的关系；同时研究了梁出现初始损伤(刚刚开裂状态)时和无损伤状态时，其固有频率的变化。
(3)研究了碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土梁和未加固钢筋混凝土梁在不同荷载阶段(即不同损伤阶段)损伤程度与固有频率之间的关系，与试验值进行对比，并在简支梁弯曲振动基本频率求解公式的基础上，通过归纳推导，提出了基于动力测试数据的结构损伤识别方法。
(4)利用有限元程序ANSYS建立了84个损伤梁的模型，包括42个碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土梁和42个未加固钢筋混凝土梁，利用缺口模拟损伤，通过变化缺口的高度和位置，模拟钢筋混凝土梁损伤的程度和损伤位置，根据ANSYS模态分析计算的结果，系统研究了模型梁不同损伤程度加固前后和不同损伤位置加固前后的结构损伤与固有频率之间的关系。
(5)对理论分析、试验研究和有限元模拟得出的主要结论进行了详细阐述，并对结构损伤检测和碳纤维布加固提出了研究展望。
According to the statistically analyzing on the dynamic behavior of reinforced concrete beam and strengthen beam with CFRP at domestic and abroad. Contrast to the experimental results, the finite element analysis and simulation have been carried out to study the relation of frequency and damage degree ,damage location of the beam.
The details are as following:
(1) According to test component, build the finite element model, at undamaged situation, finite element analysis have been done for the frequency of concrete beam and reinforced concrete beam and CFRP strengthened reinforced concrete beam .A comparison is made between the experimental results and simulation results, proved the accuracy of the finite element model.
(2) Finite element method is made to calculate the cracking load of reinforced concrete beam and CFRP strengthened beam, and take this load as breadth value, make a dynamic harmonic analysis of the CFRP strengthened reinforced concrete beam to research the relationship between the cracking load and structural frequency. At the same time, study the structural frequency variation of the beam between first crack situation and no damage situation.
(3)Research the relationship between the damage degree and frequency of the CFRP strengthened concrete beam at the different load situation, and make a comparison with the test solution, on the basis of these, conclude the fundamental formula which can solve the bend vibration frequency, bring forward a structure damage identify method based on dynamic test data.
(4)Set up 84 models of damaged beams by the finite element program ANSYS, including 42 CFRP strengthened beams and 42 without strengthening beams, the gap simulate damage, through change the height and location of the gap to simulate damage degree and damage location of the reinforced concrete beam. Based on the solution of ANSYS modal analysis, systematically research the relationship between the structural damage location and damage degree with the frequency of the modal beam.
(5)Finally, expatiated the main conclusion of the theoretic analysis and test study and finite element simulation. Bring forward the research expectation for structural damage detection and CFRP strengthening.
(1)根据试验构件，建立了钢筋混凝土梁的有限元模型，在无损伤状态下，对素混凝土梁、钢筋混凝土梁和碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土梁的各阶固有频率进行了有限元计算，并与试验结果对比，研究了无损伤状态下不同混凝土梁固有频率的关系，并根据结果，验证模型的正确性。
(2)利用有限元方法，分别计算了碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土梁和未加固钢筋混凝土梁的开裂荷载，并以此荷载为幅值，对碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土梁进行了动力谐响应分析，研究了其开裂荷载与结构固有频率之间的关系；同时研究了梁出现初始损伤(刚刚开裂状态)时和无损伤状态时，其固有频率的变化。
(3)研究了碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土梁和未加固钢筋混凝土梁在不同荷载阶段(即不同损伤阶段)损伤程度与固有频率之间的关系，与试验值进行对比，并在简支梁弯曲振动基本频率求解公式的基础上，通过归纳推导，提出了基于动力测试数据的结构损伤识别方法。
(4)利用有限元程序ANSYS建立了84个损伤梁的模型，包括42个碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土梁和42个未加固钢筋混凝土梁，利用缺口模拟损伤，通过变化缺口的高度和位置，模拟钢筋混凝土梁损伤的程度和损伤位置，根据ANSYS模态分析计算的结果，系统研究了模型梁不同损伤程度加固前后和不同损伤位置加固前后的结构损伤与固有频率之间的关系。
(5)对理论分析、试验研究和有限元模拟得出的主要结论进行了详细阐述，并对结构损伤检测和碳纤维布加固提出了研究展望。
According to the statistically analyzing on the dynamic behavior of reinforced concrete beam and strengthen beam with CFRP at domestic and abroad. Contrast to the experimental results, the finite element analysis and simulation have been carried out to study the relation of frequency and damage degree ,damage location of the beam.
The details are as following:
(1) According to test component, build the finite element model, at undamaged situation, finite element analysis have been done for the frequency of concrete beam and reinforced concrete beam and CFRP strengthened reinforced concrete beam .A comparison is made between the experimental results and simulation results, proved the accuracy of the finite element model.
(2) Finite element method is made to calculate the cracking load of reinforced concrete beam and CFRP strengthened beam, and take this load as breadth value, make a dynamic harmonic analysis of the CFRP strengthened reinforced concrete beam to research the relationship between the cracking load and structural frequency. At the same time, study the structural frequency variation of the beam between first crack situation and no damage situation.
(3)Research the relationship between the damage degree and frequency of the CFRP strengthened concrete beam at the different load situation, and make a comparison with the test solution, on the basis of these, conclude the fundamental formula which can solve the bend vibration frequency, bring forward a structure damage identify method based on dynamic test data.
(4)Set up 84 models of damaged beams by the finite element program ANSYS, including 42 CFRP strengthened beams and 42 without strengthening beams, the gap simulate damage, through change the height and location of the gap to simulate damage degree and damage location of the reinforced concrete beam. Based on the solution of ANSYS modal analysis, systematically research the relationship between the structural damage location and damage degree with the frequency of the modal beam.
(5)Finally, expatiated the main conclusion of the theoretic analysis and test study and finite element simulation. Bring forward the research expectation for structural damage detection and CFRP strengthening.
引文
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[3] 李俊萍，李霆．工程结构损伤识别技术的研究现状[J]．华北工学院学报．2002，23(05)：356-360．
[4] 朱伯龙，陆洲导，吴虎南．房屋建筑结构灾害检测与加固[M]．上海：同济大学出版社，1995
[5] 李国强，李杰．工程结构动力检测理论与应用[M]．北京：科学出版社，2002
[6] 陈长征，罗跃纲，白秉三，唐忠．结构损伤检测与智能诊断[M]．北京：科学出版社，2001
[7] 张有才．建筑物的检测、鉴定、加固与改造[M]．北京：冶金工业出版社，1997
[8] 潘景龙．混凝土结构评定和检测[M]．哈尔滨：黑龙江科学技术出版社，1997
[9] 郭海柱，赵军．钢筋混凝土梁的损伤评估[J]．河南大学学报．2004，34(01)：104-107．
[10] 卓尚木，季直仓．钢筋混凝土结构事故分析与加固[M]．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1997
[11] 张佐光．建筑物加周修复用复合材料技术[J]．复合材料学报，2001，18(1)：7-11．
[12] Urs Meier. Rehabilitation and Retrofitting on Structures through External Bonding of Thin Carbon Sheets [J]. ECCM-7, 1996, (2):301.
[13] 碳纤维片材加固混凝土结构技术规程(CECS146：2003)[M]．中国计划出版社．2002
[14] 王苏岩，杨玫．碳纤维布加固已损伤高强钢筋混凝土梁抗弯性能试验研究[J]．工程抗震与加固改造．2006，28(2)：93-96．
[15] 王李果，陆洲导，绳钦柱．采用碳纤维加固火灾后预应力混凝土框架的试验研究[J]．火灾科学．2003，12(4)：218-223．
[16] 吴波，王维俊，张正先．反复荷载下碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土框架梁的试验研究[J]．世界地震工程．2003，19(1)：63-69．
[17] 刘沐宇，刘其卓，骆志红，张学明．CFRP加固不同损伤度钢筋砼梁抗弯试验[J]．华中科技大学学报．2005，33(3)：13-16
[18] 刘其卓．碳纤维布加固不同损伤混凝土梁抗弯性能的试验研究[D]．武汉理工大学硕士学位论文．20041101．
[19] 赵彤，谢剑．碳纤维布补强加固混凝土结构新技术[M]．天津大学出版社．2001
[20] R. Capozucca, M. Nilde Cerri. Static and Dynamic behavior of RC beam model strengthen by CFRP-sheets [J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2002(16): 91-99.
[21] Barbara Bonfiglioli, Giovanni Pascale, Sonia Martinez de Mingo. Dynamic Testing of Reinforced Concrete Beams Damaged and Repaired with Fiber Reinforced Polymer Sheets [J]. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 2004(16): 400-406
[22] Genda. Chen, Xiaobao Yang, Huimin. Mu, Antonio. Nanni. Destructive and NON-Destructive Testing of Bridge. 1857 Phelps County, Missouri: Volume Ⅱ, Feasibility Study on Damage Detection of RC Structures Using Dynamic Signature Tests[R]. United States: Missouri Univ. -Rolla. Center for Infrastructure Engineering Studies, Apr 2001.
[23] Arduini M., Nanni A. Behaviour of precracked RC beams strengthen with carbon FRP sheets [J]. Journal of Composite Construction. 1997(2), 63-70
[24] Eilbracht G., LINK M. Identification of crack parameters in concrete beams using modal test data. Proc., Int. Symp. on Nondestructive Testing in Civil Engineering[J], G. Schickert and H. Wiggenhauser, eds., 1995, Berlin, 327-334.
[25] Pascale G., Bonfiglioli B. Reinforced concrete beams damaged and repaired with GFRP: dynamic testing and modeling. Proc. Int. Conf. On FRP Composites in Civil Engineering [J], J-G. Teng, ed., Elsevier, Hong Kong, 2001, 441-448.
[26] Cerri MN, Vestroni F. Detection of damage in beams subjected to diffused cracking [J]. J Sound Vib 2000, 234(2): 259-276.
[27] Cerri MN, Vestroni F. Identification of damage in reinforced concrete beams. European COST F3 Conference on System Identification [J]. Structural Health Monitoring. 2002: 179-190.
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