基于粗糙集的证据理论方法研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
证据理论是处理由认识的局限性所带来的不确定性问题的有力工具,它处理的证据来源于专家。但专家的知识经验往往是有限的,获取也较困难,且可能存在一定的主观性。粗糙集理论反映了人们以不完全信息或知识去处理一些不可分辨现象的能力,或依据观察、度量得到某些不精确的结果而进行数据分类的能力。粗糙集的提出为处理模糊信息系统或不确定性问题提供了一种新型数学工具,是对其它处理不确定性问题理论如概率理论、证据理论、模糊集理论等的一种补充。针对上述所提证据理论的局限性,本文提出了一种基于粗糙集理论的证据获取的新方法,并对证据合成和应用进行了研究。
     首先对粗糙集理论作了进一步的研究,细化了其划分的粒度,在此基础上,对决策表的决策属性作了进一步的转换,结合粗糙集和证据理论之间的关系,再利用粗糙集的分类思想和隶属度概念,计算证据的基本可信度分配,从而实现了证据信息的提取。
     其次对证据合成的现状做了研究,针对目前方法在证据相关性、冲突性、重要性等方面无法很好解决的问题,从以解决证据独立性问题为目的出发,给出了采用属性聚类的方法分解决策表来解决问题的方案,并对属性约简的现状和问题作了进一步的研究,设计了一种更有效的属性约简算法。
     再次,讨论了证据重要度和支持度的概念,研究了基于本文所提理论的证据的合成方法以及决策支持。
     最后,在上述研究内容的基础上,本文研究了基于粗糙集证据理论的股票分析预测系统的体系结构、设计与实现等,并通过试验验证了本文所提方法的正确性。
As a powerful tool in dealing with uncertainty questions, the evidence using in the Evidence theory is given by experts. But the expert's knowledge is limited, subjective and difficult to gam sometimes. With the Rough Sets theory, people can process the undistinguished problem using uncompleted information or knowledge. And also enhance the capability to classify the imprecise data coming from observation or measurement. So the presentation of the Rough Sets theory gives us a new mathematic tool processing the fuzzy information system and uncertainty problem, and is a valuable complement of theory such as Probability theory, Evidence theory, Fuzzy Sets theory etc as well. To the limitation of Evidence theory mentioned above, this paper proposes a new way of knowledge acquirement and also presents a valuable method of the evidence combination and application.
    Firstly, through further research of the Rough Sets theory, we refine the granule of the classification, and then change the decision attribute of the decision table. Base on these and the relationship between Rough Sets theory and Evidence theory, we compute the evidence's basic belief assignment through classification, and thus we realize the acquisition of evidence.
    Secondly, we discuss the current research of the evidence combination. To the limitation that the current methods of the evidence combination can't well solved such as interrelation, conflict and importance, and for the goal of the solving the independence of the evidence, a new solution that using the attribute cluster to partition the decision table is proposed. In this paper we also discuss the current research of attribute reduction and give a new method as well.
    Thirdly, we present two new conceptions: evidence importance and evidence support. And then propose the evidence combination and decision support under the theory this paper present.
    Finally, on the basis of the efforts above, the design, architecture and realization of the stock market analysis and forecast system base on Rough Sets-based Evidence theory is proposed. And through the experiment we validate the availability of the theory.
引文
[1] 孙怀江、胡钟山、杨静宇,基于证据理论的多分类器融合方法研究[J],计算机学报,2001.3:231—235
    [2] 倪国强、梁好臣,基于Dempster-Shafer证据理论的数据融合技术研究[J],北京理工大学学报,2001.10
    [3] 蓝金辉等,D-S证据理论数据融合方法在目标识别中的应用[J],清华大学学报,2001.4:53—55
    [4] 熊卫,Dempster-Shafer证据理论及其解释[J],华南师范大学学报(社会科学版)2000.6
    [5] 韩祯祥、张琦、文福拴,粗糙集理论及其应用[J],信息与控制,1998.2
    [6] Skowron A.,The relationship between rough set theory and evidence theory[J], Bull. Polish. Acad. Sci. Math.,1989: 37
    [7] 张文修、吴伟志,粗糙集理论介绍和研究综述[J],模糊系统与数学,2000.12
    [8] 刘清,Rough集及Rough推理[M],科学出版社,2001.8
    [9] 刘业政,基于粗糙集数据分析的智能决策支持系统研究,合肥工业大学博士学位论文 2002.4:23—29
    [10] 孙怀江、胡钟山、杨静宇,基于证据理论的度分类器融合方法研究[J],计算机学报,2001.3:231—235
    [11] 刘志言、童树鸿、王艳,基于证据理论的多分类器集成方法研究[J],电机与控制学报,2001.9:208—212
    [12] 唐良瑞、谢晓辉、蔡安妮等,基于D-S证据理论的指纹图像分割方法[J],计算机学报,2003.7:887—892
    [13] 杜文吉、谢维信,基于证据理论的模式识别[J],西安电子科技大学学报,1999.8:533—536
    [14] 蓝金辉、马宝华、蓝天等,D-S证据理论数据融合方法在目标识别中的应用[J],清华大学学报,2001.2:53—55
    [15] 邹伟、原魁、臧爱云等,一种中国手语单手词汇识别系统[J],系统仿真学报,2003.2:290—293
    [16] 王江萍,基于多传感器融合信息的故障诊断[J],机械科学与技术,2000.11:950—952
    [17] 张金玉、张优云、谢友柏,基于证据理论的综合诊断理论及其应用[J],机械科学与技术,2000.3:183—186
    
    
    [18] Smets P, The combination of evidence in the transferable belief model[J],IEEE Transaction on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligencebce, 1990,12: 447-458
    [19] 李黎、闫强、范逢曦等,临床肺功能分型中不精确推理方法的使用[J],1999.4:488—492
    [20] Glenn Shafer, A Mathematical Theory of Evidence[M],Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 1976: 1-16
    [21] 段新生,证据理论与决策、人工智能[M],中国人民大学出版社,1993.3:24—25,114—115
    [22] Voobraak F, On the justification of Dempster's rule of combination [J], Artificial Intelligence, 1991,2: 171-197
    [23] R.M.Fung,et al, Metaprobability and Dempster-Shafer in Evidence Reasoning[J], Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence, North-Holland, Elsevier Science Publishers, 1986: 295-302
    [24] Wu Y G etc, On the Evidence Inference Theory[J], Information Sciences, 1996(89): 245—260
    [25] 孙怀江、杨静宇,一种相关证据合成方法[J],计算机学报,1999.9:1004—1007
    [26] 孙怀江、胡钟山、杨静宇,学习相关源证据[J],南京大学学报(自然科学版),2001-3:154—158
    [27] 徐雪峰、吴根秀,一种特殊相关证据的合成方法[J],计算机与现代化,2001.4:14—18
    [28] 王明文、吴根秀、孙永强,相关证据合成方法[J],江西师范大学学报,2002.5:135—137
    [29] 罗志增、叶明,用证据理论实现相关信息的融合[J],电子与信息学报,2001.10:970—974
    [30] 罗志增,蒋静坪,相关证据的融合及其在机器人多感觉信息融合中的应用[J],传感技术学报,2000.9:177—182
    [31] 马国清、赵亮、李鹏,基于Dempster-Shafer证据推理的多传感器信息融合技术及应用[J],现代电子技术,2003(19):41—44
    [32] 杨善林、朱卫东、任明仑,基于可变参数优化的相关证据合成方法研究[J],管理科学学报,2003.10:12—16
    [33] Ronald R Yager, On the Dempster Shafer framework and new combination rules[J].Information Sciences, 1987.41 (2): 93—138
    [34] 孙全、叶秀清、顾伟康,一种新的基于证据理论的合成公式[J],电子学报,2000.8:117—119
    [35] 邓勇、施文康,一种改进的证据推理组合规则[J],上海交通大学学报,2003.8:
    
    1275—1278
    [36] 章勇、丁秋林,一种新的证据合成法则[J],东南大学学报(自然科学版),2003.9:205—208
    [37] 何兵、毛士艺、张有为等,基于证据分类的DS证据合成及判决方法[J],电子与信息学报,2002.7:894—899
    [38] 何兵,基于分类及不确定熵的DS证据合成及判决方法[J],北京航空航天大学学报,2003.10:927—930
    [39] 杜文吉、陈彦辉、谢维信,加权Dempster证据组合算法[J],西安电子科技大学学报,1999.10:549—551
    [40] 杜文吉、谢维信,D-S证据理论中的证据组合[J],系统工程与电子技术,1999.12:92—94
    [41] Dubois.D, Prade.H, Default Reasoning and Possibility Theory[J]. Artificial Intelligence, 1998,35: 243-257.
    [42] Ronald R Yager. Using Approximate Reasoning to Represent Default Knowledge[J]. Artificial Intelligence, 1987. 31: 99-112.
    [43] 朱永生、王成栋、张优云,基于证据加权调整方法的神经网络及其在故障诊断中的应用[J],机械工程学报,2002.6:66—71
    [44] 李华、史忠科,修正D-S证据组合方法及其在目标识别中的应用[J],飞行力学,2002.3:63—65
    [45] 何兵、胡红丽,一种修正的DS证据融合策略[J],航空学报,2003.11:559—561
    [46] 彭春华、程乾生,一种基于最小张树的属性聚类算法[J],系统工程理论与实践,2001.2:30—34
    [47] Sankar K Pal, Majumder D K D. Fuzzy Mathematical Approach to Pattern Recognition [M ]. Wiley Eastern Ltd. 1986
    [48] Srikanth R, Perry F E, Koutsougeras C. Fuzzy elastic clustering[A]. Proc Second Interact Confon Fuzzy system (Fuzzy—IEEE) [C]. San Francisco, CA, 1993: 1179-1182
    [49] Srikanth R, et al. A variable-length genetic algorithm for clustering and classification [J]. Pattern Recognition Letters, 1995.8: 789-800
    [50] Chen C L P, L u Y. Fuzzy: A fuzz-based concept formation system that integrates human categorization and numerical clustering [J]. IEEE trans on System s, M an, and Cybernetics, 1997.1 : 79-94
    [51] Herbin M, Bounel N, Vautrot P. A clustering method based on the estimation of the probability density function and on the skeleton by influence zones: Application to image processing [J], Pattern Recognition Letters, 1996. 11:
    
    1141-1150
    [52] 程乾生,属性均值聚类[J],系统工程理论与实践,1998,9:124—126
    [53] 范金城、梅长林,数据分析[M],科学出版社,2002:221-223
    [54] Zdzislaw Pawlak, Rough Sets Theoretical Aspects of Reasoning about Data[M], Kluwer academic publishers, 1991.
    [55] A. Skowron. Rough Sets in KDD. Special Invited Speaking, WCC 2000 in Beijing, Aug. 2000
    [56] Wong S K M, Ziarko W. On optional decision rules in decision tables[J]. Bulletin of Polish Academy of Sciences, 1985,11: 693-696.
    [57] 芦晓红、陈世权、吴今培,基于可辨识矩阵的启发式属性约简方法及其应用[J],计算机工程,2003.1:56—59
    [58] 潘丹、郑启伦,属性约简自寻优算法[J],计算机研究与发展,2001.8:904—910
    [59] J. Jelonek et al. Rough set reduction of attributes and their domains for neural networks[J]. Computation Intelligence, 1995,11: 339-347.
    [60] Qiang Sh, Alexios Ch. A modular approach to generating fuzzy rules with reduced attributes for the monitoring of complex systems [J]. Engineering Application of Artificial Intelligenee, 2000, 3: 263-278.
    [61] 苗夺谦、胡桂荣,知识约简的一种启发式算法[J],计算机研究与发展,1999,6:681-684.
    [62] 苗夺谦、王珏,粗糙集理论中概念与运算的信息表示[J],软件学报,1999,2:113—116
    [63] Wong SKM, Ziarko W, Li Ye R. Comparison of rough-set and statistical methods in inductive learning [J]. Int J of Man-Machine Studies,1986,24: 53-73.
    [64] 李波、赵志彦、王秀峰,基于互信息和释义度相结合的知识约简方法[J],天津大学学报,2003.7:503—506

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700